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47 ud af 47 tidsskrifter valgt, søgeord (urin) valgt, emner højest 180 dage gamle, sorteret efter nyeste først.
1305 emner vises.
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
Journal Name: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Volume: 110 Issue: 4 Pages: 768-778
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical Infectious Diseases, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
Abstract Background After months of few mpox cases, an increased number of cases were reported in Chicago during May 2023; predominantly among fully vaccinated patients. We investigated the outbreak scope, differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients, and hypotheses for monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection after vaccination.Methods We interviewed patients and reviewed medical records to assess demographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics, mpox vaccine status, and vaccine administration routes. We evaluated serum antibody levels after infection and compared patient viral genomes with MPXV sequences in available databases. We discussed potential vaccine compromise with partners who manufactured, handled, and administered vaccine associated with breakthrough infections.Results During March 18–June 27, 2023, we identified 49 mpox cases; 57% of these mpox patients were fully vaccinated (FV). FV patients received both JYNNEOS doses subcutaneously (57%), intradermally (7%), or via heterologous administration (36%). FV patients had more median sex partners (3, IQR=1-4) versus not fully vaccinated (NFV) patients (1, IQR=1-2). Thirty-six of 37 sequenced specimens belonged to lineage B.1.20 of clade IIb MPXV, which did not demonstrate any amino acid changes relative to B.1, the predominant lineage from May 2022. Vaccinated patients demonstrated expected humoral antibody responses; none were hospitalized. No vaccine storage excursions were identified. Approximately 63% of people at risk for mpox in Chicago were FV during this period.Conclusions Our investigation indicated cases were likely due to frequent behaviors associated with mpox transmission, even with relatively high vaccine effectiveness and vaccine coverage. Cases after vaccination might occur in similar populations.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical Infectious Diseases, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
Abstract Background Research on influenza burden in adults has focused on crude subgroups with cut-points at 65-years, limiting insight into how burden varies with increasing age. This study describes the incidence of influenza-related outpatient visits, emergency room (ER) visits, and hospitalizations, along with healthcare resource use and complications in the aging adult population.Methods Individuals ≥18 years of age in the United States were evaluated retrospectively in five seasonal cohorts (2015–2020 seasons) in strata of age with 5-year increments. Person-level electronic medical records linked to pharmacy and medical claims were used to ascertain patient characteristics and outcomes. Influenza-related medical encounters were identified based on diagnostic codes (ICD-10 codes J09*–J11*).Results Incidence of influenza-related outpatient visits was highest among people aged 18–34 years and declined with increasing age. For ER visits, incidence tended to be elevated for people aged 18–34 years, relatively stable from 35 through 60, and increased rapidly after 60. Hospitalization incidence remained relatively stable until about 50 years of age and then increased with age. One in three patients was diagnosed with pneumonia after hospitalization, regardless of age. Across seasons, age groups, and clinical settings, on average, 40.8% of individuals were prescribed antivirals and 17.2% antibiotics.Conclusions Incidence of influenza-related hospitalizations begins to increase around age 50 rather than the more common cut-point of 65, whereas incidence of outpatient visits was highest among younger adults. Influenza infections frequently led to antiviral and antibiotic prescriptions, underscoring the role influenza vaccination can play in combating antimicrobial resistance.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLee, J., Wong, K. K.-Y.
BMJ Open, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
ObjectivesThe impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent’s mental health and relationships has received growing attention, yet the challenges and support needs of adolescents living in existing deprivation are not well understood. The current qualitative study, part of a broader project cocreating mental health and life-skill workshops with young people, documents adolescents’ lived experience and support needs 4 years on from the COVID-19 pandemic. Design20 semi-structured interviews and 6 focus groups were transcribed and thematically analysed in NVivo V.12 to inform codesigned workshops to support adolescents’ needs. SettingIslington borough in North London, United Kingdom. Participants20 adolescents aged 14–25 years (mean=18.3; 60% female, 60% white) from Islington with a history of difficulties (eg, mental health, deprivation, court order) were referred by Islington local authority teams to our study. ResultsThematic analyses revealed eight themes on adolescents’ COVID-19 experiences and five associated suggestions on ‘support needs’: health challenges and support; relationships and support; routines and support; educational challenges and learning support; inequality and support; distrust; loss of opportunities and grief. ConclusionsIn our qualitative study, adolescents spoke of positive reflections, challenges, and need for support 4 years on from the COVID-19 pandemic. Many adolescents shared their lived experiences for the first time with someone else and wished they would have the space and time to acknowledge this period of loss. Adolescents living with existing inequality and deprivation before the pandemic have reported sustained and exacerbated impacts during the pandemic, hence coproduced support for adolescents should be a priority.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
Abstract Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection and the leading cause of cervical cancer. The HPV vaccine is a safe and effective way to prevent HPV infection. In Zambia, the vaccine is given during Child Health Week to girls aged 14 years who are in and out of school in two doses over two years. The focus of this evaluation was to establish the cost to administer a single dose of the vaccine as well as for full immunisation of two doses. Methods This work was part of a broader study on assessing HPV programme implementation in Zambia. For HPV costing aspect of the study, with a healthcare provider perspective and reference year of 2020, both top-down and micro-costing approaches were used for financial costing, depending on the cost data source, and economic costs were gathered as secondary data from Expanded Programme for Immunisation Costing and Financing Project (EPIC), except human resource costs which were gathered as primary data using existing Ministry of Health salary scales and reported time spent by different health cadres on activities related to HPV vaccination. Data was collected from eight districts in four provinces, mainly using a structured questionnaire, document reviews and key informant interviews with staff at national, provincial, district and health facility levels. Administrative coverage rates were obtained for each district. Results Findings show that schools made up 53.3% of vaccination sites, community outreach sites 30.9% and finally health facilities 15.8%. In terms of coverage for 2020, for the eight districts sampled, schools had the highest coverage at 96.0%. Community outreach sites were at 6.0% of the coverage and health facilities accounted for only 1.0% of the coverage. School based delivery had the lowest economic cost at USD13.2 per dose and USD 28.1 per fully immunised child (FIC). Overall financial costs for school based delivery were US$6.0 per dose and US$12.4 per FIC. Overall economic costs taking all delivery models into account were US$23.0 per dose and US$47.6 per FIC. The main financial cost drivers were microplanning, supplies, service delivery/outreach and vaccine co-financing; while the main economic cost drivers were human resources, building overhead and vehicles. Nurses, environmental health technicians and community-based volunteers spent the most time on HPV related vaccination activities compared to other cadres and represented the greatest human resource costs. Conclusions The financial cost of HPV vaccination in Zambia aligns favourably with similar studies conducted in other countries. However, the economic costs appear significantly higher than those observed in most international studies. This discrepancy underscores the substantial strain placed on healthcare resources by the program, a burden that often remains obscured. While the vaccine costs are currently subsidized through the generous support of Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, it’s crucial to recognize that these expenses pose a considerable threat to long-term sustainability. Consequently, countries such as Zambia must proactively devise strategies to address this challenge.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
Abstract Background HIV self-testing (HIVST) can use either oral-fluid or blood-based tests. Studies have shown strong preferences for self-testing compared to facility-based services. Despite availability of low-cost blood-based HIVST options, to date, HIVST implementation in sub-Saharan Africa has largely been oral-fluid-based. We investigated whether users preferred blood-based (i.e. using blood sample derived from a finger prick) or oral fluid-based HIVST in rural and urban Malawi. Methods At clinics providing HIV testing services (n = 2 urban; n = 2 rural), participants completed a semi-structured questionnaire capturing sociodemographic data before choosing to test using oral-fluid-based HVST, blood-based HIVST or provider-delivered testing. They also completed a self-administered questionnaire afterwards, followed by a confirmatory test using the national algorithm then appropriate referral. We used simple and multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with preference for oral-fluid or blood-based HIVST. Results July to October 2018, N = 691 participants enrolled in this study. Given the choice, 98.4% (680/691) selected HIVST over provider-delivered testing. Of 680 opting for HIVST, 416 (61.2%) chose oral-fluid-based HIVST, 264 (38.8%) chose blood-based HIVST and 99.1% (674/680) reported their results appropriately. Self-testers who opted for blood-based HIVST were more likely to be male (50.3% men vs. 29.6% women, p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedCélia Regina Malveste ItoMônica Oliveira SantosMarcos de Oliveira CunhaKelliane Martins de AraújoGuilherme Rocha Lino de SouzaGeovana Sôffa RézioPollyanna Neta de BritoAlana Parreira Costa RezendeJakeline Godinho FonsecaIsabela Jubé WastowskiJosé Daniel Gonçalves VieiraMelissa Ameloti Gomes AvelinoLilian Carla Carneiroa Microorganism Biotechnology Laboratory of Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás– 235 St. Leste Universitário neighborhood, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazilb Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Biologic Science Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Samambaia Camp, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazilc State Emergency Hospital of the Northwest Region of Goiânia Governador Otávio Lage de Siqueira (HUGOL), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazild Molecular Immunology Laboratory of Goiás State University, Laranjeiras Unity Prof. Alfredo de Castro neighborhood, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazile Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Goiás, Universitaria Avenue, Leste Universitário neighborhood, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
Virulence, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
Hantao Wang, Yusuf Ali, Ludo Max
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
by Hantao Wang, Yusuf Ali, Ludo Max Evoked potential studies have shown that speech planning modulates auditory cortical responses. The phenomenon’s functional relevance is unknown. We tested whether, during this time window of cortical auditory modulation, there is an effect on speakers’ perceptual sensitivity for vowel formant discrimination. Participants made same/different judgments for pairs of stimuli consisting of a pre-recorded, self-produced vowel and a formant-shifted version of the same production. Stimuli were presented prior to a “go” signal for speaking, prior to passive listening, and during silent reading. The formant discrimination stimulus /uh/ was tested with a congruent productions list (words with /uh/) and an incongruent productions list (words without /uh/). Logistic curves were fitted to participants’ responses, and the just-noticeable difference (JND) served as a measure of discrimination sensitivity. We found a statistically significant effect of condition (worst discrimination before speaking) without congruency effect. Post-hoc pairwise comparisons revealed that JND was significantly greater before speaking than during silent reading. Thus, formant discrimination sensitivity was reduced during speech planning regardless of the congruence between discrimination stimulus and predicted acoustic consequences of the planned speech movements. This finding may inform ongoing efforts to determine the functional relevance of the previously reported modulation of auditory processing during speech planning.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedChang-Chi Weng, Sheng-Chu Chi, Tai-Chi Lin, Yi-Ming Huang, Yu-Bai Chou, De-Kuang Hwang, Shih-Jen Chen
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
by Chang-Chi Weng, Sheng-Chu Chi, Tai-Chi Lin, Yi-Ming Huang, Yu-Bai Chou, De-Kuang Hwang, Shih-Jen Chen This retrospective study aimed to determine the short-term efficacy and safety of brolucizumab treatment for recalcitrant neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in a real-world setting in Taiwan. Recalcitrant nAMD patients who were treated with brolucizumab from November 2021 to August 2022 at Taipei Veterans General Hospital were included. Patients were followed for 3 months after switching to brolucizumab. The primary outcomes were changes in mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) from baseline to the third month. The secondary outcomes included the incidence of intraocular inflammation (IOI), proportion of patients with subretinal and intraretinal fluid (SRF and IRF), and change in pigment epithelial detachment (PED) height from baseline to the third month. The significance level was considered as p < .05 in all tests. A total of 38 patients (40 eyes) with a mean (±SD) age of 76.3 (±10.84) years were included. The baseline BCVA was 0.92±0.64 logMAR, and the CRT and PED height were 329.0±171.18 and 189.8±114.94 um, respectively. The patients had a significant reduction in CRT and resolution of IRF and SRF from baseline to the third month. There were numerical improvements in mean BCVA and PED height, but they were not significant. The percentages of achieving at least 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 logMAR (equivalent to 5, 10, 15 ETDRS letters) visual gain were 50%, 37.5%, and 30%, respectively, during the first 3 months of follow-up. No IOI occurred in these patients. This study demonstrated that brolucizumab had good short-term structural and functional efficacy in recalcitrant nAMD patients.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedKarina Leksy, Grzegorz Gawron, Rafaela Rosário
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
by Karina Leksy, Grzegorz Gawron, Rafaela Rosário The coronavirus pandemic has contributed to increasing the responsibility of school principals for the health of all school community members. Moreover, evidence confirms the significant role of school principals’ health literacy (HL) for health promotion in schools. Therefore, the presented study aims to evaluate the associations between Polish school principals HL and the implementation of the Health Promoting School (HPS) approach in Polish schools. The present study was conducted as part of an international survey on the global COVID-HL network (www.covid-hl.eu) between June 2021 and December 2021. Three subscales of the HPS were considered and an exploratory analysis were used in this study. Associations between the median split of each subscale of HPS (outcome) and health literacy (predictor) were performed using logistic regression. Research results showed that the highest level of HPS implementation was directed at pupils. Principals perceived themselves as having the highest HL on the ‘accessibility’ subscale and these respondents had significantly higher odds of implementing learning opportunities for students. The study suggests that principals with adequate HL may be more likely to effectively implement HPS strategies in schools. This research could provide insights into the complex interplay between HL and the HPS approach and inform the development of more effective strategies for promoting health and HL in schools.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedYacheng Zhou, Feiyu Liu, Weidong Huo, Changjiang Peng
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
by Yacheng Zhou, Feiyu Liu, Weidong Huo, Changjiang Peng The expansion of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has raised a wide range of concerns about its environmental impact. Therefore, from the perspective of environmental impacts, this study used the two-way fixed effect staggered differences in differences (TWFE Staggered DID) method to examine the impact of the BRI on the Environment Goods (EGs) intra-industry trade (IIT) between China and other Belt and Road (B&R) countries, including a sample of 191 countries, covering the period from 2010 to 2019 for eliminating the impact of COVID-19 and the financial crisis in 2008 and 2009. Because only 135 countries signed a Memorandum of Understanding between 2010 and 2019, this study treated these B&R countries as the study group, and the other 73 countries (non-B&R countries) as the control group. This study described EGs using the 54 6-digit code Environment Goods in Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System listed in the “APEC LIST OF ENVIRONMENT GOODS” published by the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation in 2012, and used the intra-industry trade index proposed by Grubel and Lloyd in 1971 to measuring dependent variable. The research results indicated that the BRI has significantly promoted bilateral EGs IIT. The mechanism test implied that, in addition to direct impacts, the BRI also has indirect impacts by boosting the energy restructuring of B&R countries. These results prove that the BRI has positive impacts on the environment. The heterogeneity test showed that there is a heterogeneous impact depending on the type of IIT, product categorization, B&R countries’ income levels, and geographic environment. This study not only gives theoretical and empirical evidence of the positive environmental impacts of the BRI, but also provides practical guidance for the development of EGS IIT between China and B&R countries, thereby contributing to global carbon emissions reduction and environmental governance to some degree.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedErandi Arvizu‐Hernandez, Claudia Judith Hernandez‐Guerrero, Elizabeth Alvarez‐Rios, Patricio Gariglio, Jorge Cornejo‐Garrido, Rodolfo Ocadiz‐Delgado
Journal of Medical Virology, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
Elisa Correcher-Martínez, Mónica López-Lacort, Cintia Muñoz-Quiles, Javier Díez-Domingo, Alejandro Orrico-Sánchez
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2.04.2024
Tilføjet 2.04.2024
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is associated with very wide-ranging symptoms. Although the most common symptoms derive from infection of the respiratory tract, several cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 exist [1,2]. Among these, cases of vesicular lesions and herpes zoster (HZ)-compatible cutaneous manifestations were reported in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic [3–5].
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of the American Medical Association, 2.04.2024
Tilføjet 2.04.2024
New data support the idea that care for patients with COVID-19 early in the pandemic may have come at the cost of other services. A population-based study recently published in JAMA Oncology found an overall 13% reduction in all cancer diagnoses in the US from March through December 2020, amounting to approximately 134 000 missed cases, or 1 of every 9 diagnosed cancer cases, the researchers estimated.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical Infectious Diseases, 2.04.2024
Tilføjet 2.04.2024
Abstract Background Evaluation of the impact on mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of a HBV-prevention program that incorporates maternal antiviral prophylaxis is hindered by the limited availability of real-world data.Methods This study analyzed data on maternal HBV screening, neonatal immunization, and post-vaccination serologic testing (PVST) for HBsAg among at-risk infants born to HBV carrier mothers from the National Immunization Information System during 01/01/2008–31/12/2022. Through linkage with the National Health Insurance Database, information of maternal antiviral therapy was obtained. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to explore MTCT risk in relation to infant-mother characteristics and prevention strategies.Results Totally, 2,460,218 deliveries with maternal HBV status were screened. Between 2008 and 2022, the annual HBsAg and HBeAg seropositivity rates among native pregnant women aged 15–49 years decreased from 12.2% to 2.6% and from 2.7% to 0.4%, respectively (p for both trends < 0.0001). Among the 22,859 at-risk infants undergoing PVST, the MTCT rates differed between infants born to HBsAg-positive/HBeAg-negative and HBeAg-positive mothers (0.75% and 6.33%, respectively; p < 0.001). The MTCT rate was 1.72% (11/641) for infants born to HBeAg-positive mothers with antiviral prophylaxis. MTCT risk increased with maternal HBeAg-positivity (OR 9.29, 6.79–12.73) and decreased with maternal antiviral prophylaxis (OR 0.28, 0.16–0.49). For infants with maternal HBeAg-positivity, MTCT risk was associated with mothers born in the immunization era (OR 1.40, 1.17–1.67).Conclusions MTCT was related to maternal HBeAg-positivity and effectively prevented by maternal prophylaxis in the immunized population. At-risk infants born to maternal vaccinated cohorts might possibly pose further risk.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAstrid Juhl Andersen, Solène Wallez, Maria Melchior, Murielle Mary-Krause
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 2.04.2024
Tilføjet 2.04.2024
by Astrid Juhl Andersen, Solène Wallez, Maria Melchior, Murielle Mary-Krause Introduction Results of the impact of lockdowns and stay-at-home orders during the COVID-19 pandemic on changes in cigarette smoking are mixed. Previous studies examining smoking changes during the early stages of the pandemic in 2020 have mainly focused on smoker’s perception of changes in cigarette consumption. Such measure has not been widely used in other contexts, and therefore we aim to compare the discrepancy between smokers’ perceived changes in cigarette smoking and the actual change in the number of cigarettes smoked, using repeated measurements. Methods We included 134 smokers from the French TEMPO cohort with repeated measurements of their perceived changes in smoking habits during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and the number of cigarettes smoked repeatedly from March to May 2020. We used generalized estimation equations (GEE) to examine the association between changes in the number of cigarettes smoked and the odds of mismatched answers. Results The results suggest that at each study wave, 27–45% of participants provided mismatching answers between their perceived change in smoking habits and the actual change in the number of cigarettes smoked daily, measured repeatedly. Results from GEE analysis demonstrated that a mismatching assessment of smoking behavior was elevated among those who had an increase (OR = 2.52 [1.37;4.65]) or a decrease (OR = 5.73 [3.27;10.03]) in number of cigarettes smoked. Discussion Our findings highlight the possibility of obtaining different results depending on how changes in tobacco smoking are measured. This highlights the risk of underestimating the actual changes in cigarette smoking during the COVID-19 pandemic, but also more generally when validating public health interventions or smoking cessation programs. Therefore, objective measures such as the actual consumption of psychoactive substances should be utilized, preferably on a longitudinal basis, to mitigate recall bias.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedKarine MelchiorRomana R. GernerSuzana HossainSean-Paul NuccioCristiano Gallina MoreiraManuela Raffatellu1Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA2School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil3School of Life Sciences, ZIEL – Institute for Food and Health, Freising-Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany4Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany5Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA6Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA7Chiba University-UC San Diego Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy, and Vaccines (CU-UCSD cMAV), La Jolla, California, USA, Andreas J. Bäumler
Infection and Immunity, 2.04.2024
Tilføjet 2.04.2024
BMC Infectious Diseases, 1.04.2024
Tilføjet 1.04.2024
Abstract Background The emergence of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) is one of the main public health and economic problems facing the world today. DR-TB affects mostly those in economically productive years and prevents them from being part of the workforce needed for economic growth. The aim of this study was to determine the Clinical Profile and Outcomes of DR-TB in Central Province of Zambia. Methods This was a retrospective cross sectional study that involved a review of records of patients with confirmed DR-TB who were managed at Kabwe Central Hospital’s Multi-Drug Resistant TB (MDR-TB) Ward from the year 2017 to 2021. 183 patients were managed during this period and all were recruited in the study. Data was collected from DR-TB registers and patient files and then entered in SPSS version 22 where all statistical analyses were performed. Results The study revealed that the prevalence of DR-TB among registered TB patients in Central Province was 1.4%. Majority of those affected were adults between the ages of 26 and 45 years (63.9%). The study also found that more than half of the patients were from Kabwe District (60.7%). Other districts with significant number of cases included Kapiri Mposhi 19 (10.4%), Chibombo 12 (6.6%), Chisamba 10 (5.5%), Mumbwa 7 (3.8%) and Mkushi 7 (3.8%). Furthermore, the analysis established that most of the patients had RR-TB (89.6%). 9.3% had MDR-TB, 0.5% had IR-TB and 0.5% had XDR-TB. RR-TB was present in 93.8% of new cases and 88.9% of relapse cases. MDR-TB was present in 6.2% of new cases and 10% of relapse cases. With regard to outcomes of DR-TB, the investigation revealed that 16.9% of the patients had been declared cured, 45.9% had completed treatment, 6% were lost to follow up and 21.3% had died. Risk factors for mortality on multivariate analysis included age 36–45 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.253, 95% CI [0.70–0.908] p = 0.035) and male gender (aOR 0.261, 95% CI [0.107–0.638] p = 0.003). Conclusion The research has shown beyond doubt that the burden of DR-TB in Central Province is high. The study recommends putting measures in place that will help improve surveillance, early detection, early initiation of treatment and proper follow up of patients.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of Infectious Diseases, 1.04.2024
Tilføjet 1.04.2024
Abstract Vγ9Vδ2 T-cells play a key role in the innate immune response to viral infections through butyrophilin (BTN)-3A. Here, we reported that blood Vγ9Vδ2 T-cells decreased in clinically mild COVID-19 compared to healthy volunteers (HV), and was maintained up to 28-days and in the recovery period. Terminally differentiated Vγ9Vδ2 T-cells tend to be enriched on the day of diagnosis, 28-days after and during the recovery period. These cells showed cytotoxic and inflammatory activities following anti-BTN3A activation. BTN3A upregulation and Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell infiltration were observed in a lung biopsy from a fatal SARS-CoV-2 infection. In vitro, SARS-CoV-2 infection increased BTN3A expression in macrophages and lung cells that enhanced the anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vγ9Vδ2 T-cells cytotoxicity and IFNγ and TNFα. Increasing concentrations of anti-BTN3A lead to viral replication inhibition. Altogether, we report that Vγ9Vδ2 T-cells are important in the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 infection and that activation by an anti-BTN3A antibody may enhance their response.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of Infectious Diseases, 1.04.2024
Tilføjet 1.04.2024
Abstract Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infections are associated with severe respiratory disease and acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). The European Non-Polio Enterovirus Network (ENPEN) aimed to investigate the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of EV-D68 and its clinical impact during the fall-winter season of 2021/22.From 19 European countries, 58 institutes reported 10,481 (6.8%) EV-positive samples of which 1,004 (9.6%) were identified as EV-D68 (852 respiratory samples). Clinical data was reported for 969 cases. 78.9% of infections were reported in children (0-5 years); 37.9% of cases were hospitalised. Acute respiratory distress was commonly noted (93.1%) followed by fever (49.4%). Neurological problems were observed in 6.4% of cases with six reported with AFM. Phylodynamic/Nextstrain and phylogenetic analyses based on 694 sequences showed the emergence of two novel B3-derived lineages, with no regional clustering.In conclusion, we describe a large-scale EV-D68 European upsurge with severe clinical impact and the emergence of B3-derived lineages.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMalaria Journal, 1.04.2024
Tilføjet 1.04.2024
Abstract Background As part of implementation quality standards, community distributors are expected to ensure that only age-eligible children (aged 3–59 months) receive seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) medicines during monthly campaigns. There is uncertainty about the extent to which SMC medicines are administered to ineligible children. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of this occurrence, while exploring the factors associated with it across nine states where SMC was delivered in Nigeria during the 2022 round. Methods This analysis was based on data from representative end-of-round SMC household surveys conducted in nine SMC-implementing states in Nigeria. Data of 3299 age-ineligible children aged > 5 years and their caregivers were extracted from the survey dataset. Prevalence of receipt of SMC medicines by ineligible children was described by child-, caregiver- and SMC-related factors. Mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to explore the factors associated with ineligible receipt of SMC medicines. Results 30.30% (95% CI 27.80–32.90) of ineligible children sampled received at least one dose of SMC medicines in 2022, the majority (60.60%) of whom were aged 5–6 years while the rest were aged 7–10 years. There were lower odds of an age-ineligible child receiving SMC among caregivers who had knowledge of SMC age eligibility (OR: 0.53, 95% CI 0.37–0.77, p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 31.03.2024
Tilføjet 31.03.2024
Abstract Background In recent years, Raoultella ornithinolytica (R. ornithinolytica) have attracted clinical attention as a new type of pathogen. A wide range of infections with these germs is reported, and commonly found in urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, and bacteremia. Case presentation We report the case of an elderly woman with liver abscess, choledocholithiasis and cholangitis, who developed gastric fistula and abdominal abscess after underwent choledocholithotomy, and R. ornithinolytica were isolated from the abdominal drainage fluid. The patient was treated with meropenem and levofloxacin and had a good outcome. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, case of isolating R. ornithinolytica from a patient with non-viscerally abdominal abscess was extremely rare. We share a case of a woman with non-viscerally abdominal abscess secondary to postoperative gastric fistula, R. ornithinolytica was isolated from the patient’s pus, and the pathogenic bacteria may originate from the gastrointestinal tract. Based on this case, We should be cautious that invasive treatment may greatly increase the probability of infection with this pathogenic bacterium.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedGianella, Sara; Anderson, Christy; Chaillon, Antoine; Wells, Alan; Porrachia, Magali; Caballero, Gemma; Vargas, Milenka; Lonergan, Joseph; Woodworth, Brendon; Gaitan, Noah; Rawlings, Stephen A.; Muttera, Leticia; Harkness, Liliana; Little, Susan J.; May, Susanne; Smith, Davey
AIDS, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Objective: :We sought to determine if standard influenza and pneumococcal vaccines can be used to stimulate HIV reservoirs during antiretroviral therapy (ART). Design: :Prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of two clinically recommended vaccines (influenza and pneumococcal). Methods: :Persons with HIV on ART (N = 54) were enrolled in the clinical trial. Blood was collected at baseline and days 2,4,7,14 and 30 postimmunizations. Levels of cellular HIV RNA and HIV DNA were measured by ddPCR. Expression of immunological markers on T cell subsets were measured by flow cytometry. Changes in unspliced cellular HIV RNA from baseline to day 7 postinjection between each vaccine and placebo was the primary outcome. Results: :Forty-seven participants completed at least one cycle and there were no serious adverse events related to the intervention. We observed no significant differences in the change in cellular HIV RNA after either vaccine compared to placebo at any timepoint. In secondary analyses we observed a transient increase in total HIV DNA levels after influenza vaccine, as well as increased T cell activation and exhaustion on CD4+ T cells after pneumococcal vaccine. Conclusions: :Clinically recommended vaccines were safe but did not appear to stimulate the immune system strongly enough to elicit significantly noticeable HIV RNA transcription during ART. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02707692. Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedCholli, Preetam A.; Buchacz, Kate M.; Harris, Norma S.; Crim, Stacy M.; Yuan, Xin; Tie, Yunfeng; Koenig, Linda J.; Beer, Linda
AIDS, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Objective(s): To evaluate associations between self-rated health (SRH) and care outcomes among United States adults with diagnosed HIV infection. Design: We analyzed interview and medical record data collected during June 2020–May 2021 from the Medical Monitoring Project, a complex, nationally representative sample of 3,692 people with HIV (PWH). Respondents reported SRH on a 5-point Likert type scale (poor to excellent), which we dichotomized into “good or better” and “poor or fair”. We computed weighted percentages with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and age-adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) to investigate associations between SRH and HIV outcomes and demographic, psychosocial, and behavioral characteristics. Results: Nationally, 72% of PWH reported “good or better” SRH. PWH with the following characteristics had a lower prevalence of “good or better” SRH, compared with those without: any missed HIV care appointment in the last 12 months (aPR 0.86, 95% CI:0.81–0.91), symptoms of moderate or severe depression (aPR 0.51, 95% CI:0.43–0.59) and anxiety (aPR 0.60, 95% CI:0.54–0.68), unstable housing or homelessness (aPR 0.77, 95% CI:0.71–0.82), and hunger or food insecurity (aPR 0.74, 95% CI:0.69–0.80), as well as having a mean CD4 count 500 cells/mm3 (aPR 0.70, 95% CI:0.57–0.86). Conclusions: Though SRH is a holistic measure reflective of HIV outcomes, integrated approaches addressing needs beyond physical health are necessary to improve SRH among PWH in the U.S. Modifiable factors like mental health, unstable housing or homelessness, and food insecurity warrant further study as potential high-yield targets for clinical and policy interventions to improve SRH among PWH. Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedHu, Fei-Hong; Tang, Xiao-Lei; Ge, Meng-Wei; Jia, Yi-Jie; Zhang, Wan-Qing; Tang, Wen; Shen, Lu-Ting; Du, Wei; Xia, Xiao-Peng; Chen, Hong-Lin
AIDS, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Objective: Children and adolescents with HIV infection are well-known to face a heightened risk of tuberculosis. However, the exact mortality rates and temporal trends of those with HIV-TB co-infection remain unclear. We aimed to identify the overall mortality and temporal trends within this population. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were employed to search for publications reporting on the mortality rates of children and adolescents with HIV-TB co-infection from inception to March 2, 2024. The outcome is the mortality rate for children and adolescents with HIV-TB co-infection during the follow-up period. In addition, we evaluate the temporal trends of mortality. Results: During the follow-up period, the pooled mortality was 16% (95% CI 13–20). Single infection of either HIV or TB exhibit lower mortality rates (6% and 4%, respectively). We observed elevated mortality risks among individuals aged less than 12 months, those with EPTB, poor adherence to ART, and severe immunosuppression. In addition, we observed a decreasing trend in mortality before 2008 and an increasing trend after 2008, although the trends were not statistically significant (P = 0.08 and 0.2 respectively). Conclusions: Children and adolescents with HIV-TB co-infection bear a significant burden of mortality. Timely screening, effective treatment, and a comprehensive follow-up system contribute to reducing the mortality burden in this population. Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedIván Sanz-Muñoz, Javier Sánchez-Martínez, Carla Rodríguez-Crespo, Irene Arroyo-Hernantes, Marta Domínguez-Gil, Silvia Rojo-Rello, Marta Hernández, José M Eiros
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Since the precise significance of viral load (VL) test for the management and treatment of patients with respiratory viruses remains unknown, it is not a commonly used tool. However, since the COVID-19 pandemic, VL evaluation has gained popularity in the scientific community and healthcare providers due to the possible application in daily clinical practice and research [1–3]. During the worst part of the pandemic, when hospitalization was overcrowded and a huge need for resources was the most important issue, the Ct value (Cycle threshold), a subrogate of the VL, was used as a criterion for discharging patients.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedNeupane, Maniraj; De Jonge, Nathaniel; Angelo, Sahil; Sarzynski, Sadia; Sun, Junfeng; Rochwerg, Bram; Hick, John; Mitchell, Steven H.; Warner, Sarah; Mancera, Alex; Cooper, Diane; Kadri, Sameer S.
Critical Care Medicine, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Objectives: COVID-19 pandemic surges strained hospitals globally. We performed a systematic review to examine measures of pandemic caseload surge and its impact on mortality of hospitalized patients. Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Study Selection: English-language studies published between December 1, 2019, and November 22, 2023, which reported the association between pandemic “surge”-related measures and mortality in hospitalized patients. Data Extraction: Three authors independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed individual study risk of bias. We assessed measures of surge qualitatively across included studies. Given multidomain heterogeneity, we semiquantitatively aggregated surge–mortality associations. Data Synthesis: Of 17,831 citations, we included 39 studies, 17 of which specifically described surge effects in ICU settings. The majority of studies were from high-income countries (n = 35 studies) and included patients with COVID-19 (n = 31). There were 37 different surge metrics which were mapped into four broad themes, incorporating caseloads either directly as unadjusted counts (n = 11), nested in occupancy (n = 14), including additional factors (e.g., resource needs, speed of occupancy; n = 10), or using indirect proxies (e.g., altered staffing ratios, alternative care settings; n = 4). Notwithstanding metric heterogeneity, 32 of 39 studies (82%) reported detrimental adjusted odds/hazard ratio for caseload surge–mortality outcomes, reporting point estimates of up to four-fold increased risk of mortality. This signal persisted among study subgroups categorized by publication year, patient types, clinical settings, and country income status. Conclusions: Pandemic caseload surge was associated with lower survival across most studies regardless of jurisdiction, timing, and population. Markedly variable surge strain measures precluded meta-analysis and findings have uncertain generalizability to lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). These findings underscore the need for establishing a consensus surge metric that is sensitive to capturing harms in everyday fluctuations and future pandemics and is scalable to LMICs.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedKeene, C. M., Dickinson, S., Naidoo, R., Andersen-Waine, B., Ferguson-Lewis, A., Polner, A., Amswych, M., White, L., Molyneux, S., Wanat, M., EY-Oxford Health Analytics Consortium, Moldokmatova, Polner, Ferguson-Lewis, Andersen-Waine, Gao, Franco, Keene, Rowe, Norman, Stepniewska, Bimpong, Cantrell, White, Tsui, Amswych, Wanat, Mills, Voysey, Kasim, Dahal, Hounsell, Naidoo, Lewis, Shretta, Anye, Aguas, Creswell, Dittrich, Molyneux, Chen, Silal, Saralamba, Dickinson, Bajaj, Pokharel, Evans, Mahmood, Pan-ngum, Lambert
BMJ Open, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
ObjectiveTesting for COVID-19 was a key component of the UK’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This strategy relied on positive individuals self-isolating to reduce transmission, making isolation the lynchpin in the public health approach. Therefore, we scoped evidence to systematically identify and categorise barriers and facilitators to compliance with self-isolation guidance during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK, to inform public health strategies in future pandemics. DesignA rapid scoping review was conducted. Search strategyKey terms were used to search literature databases (PubMed, Scopus and the WHO COVID-19 Research Database, on 7 November 2022), Google Scholar and stakeholder-identified manuscripts, ultimately including evidence published in English from UK-based studies conducted between 2020 and 2022. Data extraction and synthesisData were extracted and synthesised into themes, organised broadly into capability, opportunity and motivation, and reviewed with key stakeholders from the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA). ResultsWe included 105 sources, with 63 identified from UKHSA and used to inform their decision-making during the pandemic. Influences on the decision to comply with isolation guidance were categorised into six themes: perceived ability to isolate; information and guidance; logistics; social influences, including trust; perceived value; and perceived consequences. Individuals continuously assessed these factors in deciding whether or not to comply with guidance and self-isolate. ConclusionsDecisions to self-isolate after a positive test were influenced by multiple factors, including individuals’ beliefs, concerns, priorities and personal circumstances. Future testing strategies must facilitate meaningful financial, practical and mental health support to allow individuals to overcome the perceived and actual negative consequences of isolating. Clear, consistent communication of the purpose and procedures of isolating will also be critical to support compliance with self-isolation guidance, and should leverage people’s perceived value in protecting others. Building public trust is also essential, but requires investment before the next pandemic starts.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedSaillard, C., Cuvelier, S., Villaron-Goetgheluck, C., Boher, J.-M., Almeida-Lopez, L., Le Corroller, A.-G., Denis, P., Rivieccio, C., Calvin, S., Vey, N., Bannier-Braticevic, C.
BMJ Open, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
ObjectivesAcute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are often treated with intensive chemotherapy followed by allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The pretransplant treatment results in a general deterioration of the patient’s health and quality of life. Furthermore, allo-HSCT can be responsible for significant toxicity with risks of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Developing strategies to prevent physical deconditioning, undernutrition and psychological distress could help maintain a satisfactory general state of health before transplantation and thus limit these deleterious effects. This protocol evaluates the feasibility and adherence to a personalised prehabilitation programme, which can be modulated and assisted by connected objects, provided from the diagnosis to the allo-HSCT. Methods and analysisThis multicentre interventional study will include 50 patients treated for AML or high-risk MDS with intensive chemotherapy and eligible for allo-HSCT. The intervention consists of a coached, supervised or self-directed physical activity programme, organised during the hospitalisation phases and periods at home. At the same time, patients will receive a weekly dietary follow-up. The whole intervention is controlled and modulated through the use of a dedicated application and connected objects allowing adaptation and individualisation. The rate of participation in the prescribed physical activity sessions will assess the feasibility of this study. In addition, the evolution of physical capacities (Short Physical Performance Battery, grip and quadriceps strengths), psychosocial parameters (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Leukaemia, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Fatigue, subjective well-being, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, self-efficacy, Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire, interviews) and clinical status (weight, lean body mass, survival rate, number of infections, days of hospitalisation, GvHD) will be evaluated. Ethics and disseminationThe study procedures have been approved by the National Ethics Committee (21.00223.000003). Consent is given in person by each participant. The information collected on the participants contains only a non-identifiable study identifier. The results of this protocol will be published in a scientific paper and communicated to the medical staff of the medical centre. Trial registration numberNCT03595787.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedPeter, D., Li, S.-X., Wang, Y., Zhang, J., Grady, J., McDowell, K., Norton, E., Lin, Z., Bernheim, S., Venkatesh, A. K., Fleisher, L. A., Schreiber, M., Suter, L. G., Triche, E. W.
BMJ Open, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
ObjectivesThe extent to which care quality influenced outcomes for patients hospitalised with COVID-19 is unknown. Our objective was to determine if prepandemic hospital quality is associated with mortality among Medicare patients hospitalised with COVID-19. DesignThis is a retrospective observational study. We calculated hospital-level risk-standardised in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates (risk-standardised mortality rates, RSMRs) for patients hospitalised with COVID-19, and correlation coefficients between RSMRs and pre-COVID-19 hospital quality, overall and stratified by hospital characteristics. SettingShort-term acute care hospitals and critical access hospitals in the USA. ParticipantsHospitalised Medicare beneficiaries (Fee-For-Service and Medicare Advantage) age 65 and older hospitalised with COVID-19, discharged between 1 April 2020 and 30 September 2021. Intervention/exposurePre-COVID-19 hospital quality. OutcomesRisk-standardised COVID-19 in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates (RSMRs). ResultsIn-hospital (n=4256) RSMRs for Medicare patients hospitalised with COVID-19 (April 2020–September 2021) ranged from 4.5% to 59.9% (median 18.2%; IQR 14.7%–23.7%); 30-day RSMRs ranged from 12.9% to 56.2% (IQR 24.6%–30.6%). COVID-19 RSMRs were negatively correlated with star rating summary scores (in-hospital correlation coefficient –0.41, p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMollons, M., Levasseur-Puhach, S., Kaur, J., Doyle, J., Giesbrecht, G., Lebel, C. A., Woods, L., Tomfohr-Madsen, L., Roos, L.
BMJ Open, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore how the unprecedented stressors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic may have contributed to heightened levels of depression and anxiety among pregnant Indigenous persons, and identify protective individual-level factors. DesignThe current study used a mixed-methods design including standardised questionnaires and open-ended response questions. Using hierarchical regression models, we examined the extent to which COVID-19-related factors of service disruption (ie, changes to prenatal care, changes to birth plans and social support) were associated with mental well-being. Further, through qualitative analyses of open-ended questions, we examined the coping strategies used by pregnant Indigenous persons in response to the pandemic. SettingParticipants responded to an online questionnaire consisting of standardised measures from 2020 to 2021. ParticipantsThe study included 336 self-identifying Indigenous pregnant persons in Canada. ResultsDescriptive results revealed elevated rates of clinically relevant depression (52.7%) and anxiety (62.5%) symptoms among this population. 76.8% of participants reported prenatal care service disruptions, including appointment cancellations. Thematic analyses identified coping themes of staying informed, social and/or cultural connections and activities, and internal mental well-being strategies. Disruptions to services and decreased quality of prenatal care negatively impacted mental well-being of Indigenous pregnant persons during the COVID-19 pandemic. ConclusionsGiven the potential for mental well-being challenges to persist and long-term effects of perinatal distress, it is important to examine the quality of care that pregnant individuals receive. Service providers should advance policies and practices that promote relationship quality and health system engagement as key factors linked to well-being during the perinatal period for Indigenous persons.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedGupta, R., Sharma, K., Khedar, R. S., Sharma, S. K., Makkar, J. S., Natani, V., Bana, A., Sharma, S.
BMJ Open, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
ObjectiveThe study examined the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic in India on variation in clinical features, management and in-hospital outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). DesignProspective registry-based observational study. SettingA tertiary care hospital in India participant in the American College of Cardiology CathPCI Registry. Participants7089 successive patients who underwent PCI from April 2018 to March 2023 were enrolled (men 5627, women 1462). Details of risk factors, clinical presentation, coronary angiography, coronary interventions, clinical management and in-hospital outcomes were recorded. Annual data were classified into specific COVID-19 periods according to Government of India guidelines as pre-COVID-19 (April 2018 to March 2019, n=1563; April 2019 to March 2020, n=1594), COVID-19 (April 2020 to March 2020, n=1206; April 2021 to March 2022, n=1223) and post-COVID-19 (April 2022 to March 2023, n=1503). ResultsCompared with the patients in pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 periods, during the first COVID-19 year, patients had more hypertension, non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD). In the second COVID-19 year, patients had more STEMI, lower LVEF, multivessel CAD, primary PCI, multiple stents and more vasopressor and mechanical support. There were 99 (1.4%) in-hospital deaths which in the successive years were 1.2%, 1.4%, 0.8%, 2.4% and 1.3%, respectively (p=0.019). Compared with the baseline year, deaths were slightly lower in the first COVID-19-year (age-sex adjusted OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.31 to 1.47) but significantly more in the second COVID-19-year (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.10 to 3.54). This variation attenuated following adjustment for clinical presentation, extent of CAD, in-hospital treatment and duration of hospitalisation. ConclusionsIn-hospital mortality among patients with CAD undergoing PCI was significantly higher in the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic in India and could be one of the reasons for excess deaths in the country. These patients had more severe CAD, lower LVEF, and more vasopressor and mechanical support and duration of hospitalisation.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedKurotschka, P. K., Borgulya, G., Bucher, E., Endrich, I., Figueiras, A., Gensichen, J., Hay, A. D., Hapfelmeier, A., Kretzschmann, C., Kurzai, O., Lam, T.-T., Massidda, O., Sanftenberg, L., Schmiemann, G., Schneider, A., Simmenroth, A., Stark, S., Warkentin, L., Ebell, M. H., Gagyor, I., on behalf of the Bavarian Practice-Based Research Network (BayFoNet), Baumgärtel, Bössenecker, Dreischulte, Eck, Hueber, Klanke, Kühlein, Lasher, Linde, Lorenz-Dant, Roos, Uebel, Walter
BMJ Open, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
IntroductionUncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTIs) in women are common infections encountered in primary care. Evidence suggests that rapid point-of-care tests (POCTs) to detect bacteria and erythrocytes in urine at presentation may help primary care clinicians to identify women with uUTIs in whom antibiotics can be withheld without influencing clinical outcomes. This pilot study aims to provide preliminary evidence on whether a POCT informed management of uUTI in women can safely reduce antibiotic use. Methods and analysisThis is an open-label two-arm parallel cluster-randomised controlled pilot trial. 20 general practices affiliated with the Bavarian Practice-Based Research Network (BayFoNet) in Germany were randomly assigned to deliver patient management based on POCTs or to provide usual care. POCTs consist of phase-contrast microscopy to detect bacteria and urinary dipsticks to detect erythrocytes in urine samples. In both arms, urine samples will be obtained at presentation for POCTs (intervention arm only) and microbiological analysis. Women will be followed-up for 28 days from enrolment using self-reported symptom diaries, telephone follow-up and a review of the electronic medical record. Primary outcomes are feasibility of patient enrolment and retention rates per site, which will be summarised by means and SDs, with corresponding confidence and prediction intervals. Secondary outcomes include antibiotic use for UTI at day 28, time to symptom resolution, symptom burden, number of recurrent and upper UTIs and re-consultations and diagnostic accuracy of POCTs versus urine culture as the reference standard. These outcomes will be explored at cluster-levels and individual-levels using descriptive statistics, two-sample hypothesis tests and mixed effects models or generalised estimation equations. Ethics and disseminationThe University of Würzburg institutional review board approved MicUTI on 16 December 2022 (protocol n. 109/22-sc). Study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conferences, reports addressed to clinicians and the local citizen’s forums. Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov NCT05667207.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Abstract Background In recent years, Raoultella ornithinolytica (R. ornithinolytica) have attracted clinical attention as a new type of pathogen. A wide range of infections with these germs is reported, and commonly found in urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, and bacteremia. Case presentation We report the case of an elderly woman with liver abscess, choledocholithiasis and cholangitis, who developed gastric fistula and abdominal abscess after underwent choledocholithotomy, and R. ornithinolytica were isolated from the abdominal drainage fluid. The patient was treated with meropenem and levofloxacin and had a good outcome. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, case of isolating R. ornithinolytica from a patient with non-viscerally abdominal abscess was extremely rare. We share a case of a woman with non-viscerally abdominal abscess secondary to postoperative gastric fistula, R. ornithinolytica was isolated from the patient’s pus, and the pathogenic bacteria may originate from the gastrointestinal tract. Based on this case, We should be cautious that invasive treatment may greatly increase the probability of infection with this pathogenic bacterium.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Abstract Background The prevalence and distinction between first Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and reinfection with the Omicron variant among healthcare workers (HCWs) remain unclear. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at a hospital in Southern China. The study included 262 HCWs who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 between April and June 2023, with 101 cases of first infection and 161 ones of reinfection. Student’s t-test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Mann-Whitney U tests were used based on the distribution of quantitative variables. Pearson’s chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used based on the expected frequencies of categorical variables. Results The reinfection rate among HCWs was 11.5% (161/1406). The majority of the infected HCWs were female (212/262, 80.9%, first infection vs. reinfection: 76.2% vs. 83.9%). The nursing staff, had the highest percentage of SARS-CoV-2 infection (42.0%), especially of its reinfection (47.8%). Out of the 262 infected individuals, 257 had received SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, primarily inactivated vaccines (243/257, 91.1%). The first infection group, which received four doses (24, 23.8%), was significantly higher than that in the reinfection group (6, 3.7%) (P
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Abstract Background Pakistan witnessed five waves of COVID-19 infections during the pandemic. Punjab, the largest province of Pakistan, remained the epicentre due to a high infection rate. Administrative data for five waves of the pandemic was analyzed to determine the rate of infections and the significance of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions on the severity and duration of infection. Methodology COVID-19 data from March 2020 to May 2023 was obtained from the Provincial Public Health Reference Laboratory (PPHRL), Punjab AIDS Control Program, Lahore. The data included samples from index cases, contacts, and recovered patients. A total of 36,252,48 cases were screened for COVID-19, and 90,923 (2.50%) were detected positive by RT-PCR, accounting for 5.69% of the cases reported positive throughout the country. Results Among the positive cases, 50.86% (n = 46,244) cases were new cases (registered for the first time), 40.41% (n = 36751) were the contact cases traced from the newly identified cases and 8.62% (n = 7842) repeated cases. The positivity rates among index cases were reported to be 2.37%, 2.34%, 4.61%, 2.09%, and 1.19%, respectively, for the five respective COVID-19 pandemic waves. Distribution by gender indicated that 64% of males and 35% of females were infected during the pandemic. The age factor demonstrated the most susceptibility to infection in women aged 19-29 years, whereas most males between the ages of 29-39 had an infection. Susceptibility to COVID-19 infection was observed to be equally likely between males and females; however, clinical outcomes indicated that infections in males were more severe and often resulted in fatalities as compared to those in females. This trend was also reflected in the viral titer as measured by the Ct values, where 40% of males had Ct values < 25 (an indicator of high viral titers) compared to 30% of females with Ct values < 25. Conclusion Overall, our data indicated that infection rates remained stable throughout the pandemic except for 3rd wave, which showed a higher incidence of infection rate of 4%. Additionally, data showed a positive impact of masking, social distancing, and immunization, as indicated by the shorter window of high infection rates.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Abstract Background Vagococcal infections are extremely rare in humans. There are limited studies on the optimal methods for identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and clinical manifestations of vagococcal infections. Herein, we report a patient with a urinary tract infection who had Vagococcus fluvialis in the urine. Case presentation An 84-year-old man presented to our urology department with a fever that had persisted for several days. He previously worked as a zoo clerk. The patient underwent a left nephroureterectomy for ureteral cancer 5 years ago, and total cystectomy and right cutaneous ureterostomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer 1 year prior. He was empirically treated with 500 mg of levofloxacin intravenously every 24 h for the urinary tract infection. V. fluvialis was detected in his urine samples and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected in his urine and blood samples. Two bacterial species were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. He was administered intravenous levofloxacin for approximately 1 week, followed by oral levofloxacin for another week, after which the infections were eradicated. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of V. fluvialis detected in human urine in Japan. Vagococcus spp. is commonly isolated from fish or animals, and based on the patient’s work history, it is possible that the patient was a carrier because of transmission from animals.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLakshmipathy, Damini; Ye, Xiaoyi; Kuti, Joseph L.; Nicolau, David P.; Asempa, Tomefa E.
Critical Care Explorations, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
OBJECTIVES: In 2020, cefiderocol became the first Food and Drug Administration-approved medication with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) dosing recommendations based on effluent flow rates (QE). We aimed to evaluate the magnitude and frequency of factors that may influence these recommendations, that is, QE intrapatient variability and residual renal function. DESIGN: Retrospective observational cohort study. SETTING: ICUs within Hartford Hospital (890-bed, acute-care hospital) in Connecticut from 2017 to 2023. PATIENTS: Adult ICU patients receiving CRRT for greater than 72 hours. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: CRRT settings including QE and urine output (UOP) were extracted from the time of CRRT initiation (0 hr) and trends were assessed. To assess the impact on antibiotic dosing, cefiderocol doses were assigned to 0 hour, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours QE values per product label, and the proportion of antibiotic dose changes required as a result of changes in inpatient’s QE was evaluated. Among the 380 ICU patients receiving CRRT for greater than 72 hours, the median (interquartile range) 0 hour QE was 2.96 (2.35–3.29) L/hr. Approximately 9 QE values were documented per patient per 24-hour window. QE changes of greater than 0.75 L/hr were observed in 21.6% of patients over the first 24 hours and in 7.9% (24–48 hr) and 5.8% (48–72 hr) of patients. Approximately 40% of patients had UOP greater than 500 mL at 24 hours post-CRRT initiation. Due to QE changes within 24 hours of CRRT initiation, a potential cefiderocol dose adjustment would have been warranted in 38% of patients (increase of 21.3%; decrease of 16.6%). QE changes were less common after 24 hours, warranting cefiderocol dose adjustments in less than 15% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Results highlight the temporal and variable dynamics of QE and prevalence of residual renal function. Data also demonstrate a risk of antibiotic under-dosing in the first 24 hours of CRRT initiation due to increases in QE. For antibiotics with QE-based dosing recommendations, empiric dose escalation may be warranted in the first 24 hours of CRRT initiation.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedPol Campos-Mercade, Florian H. Schneider
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
Ensuring widespread vaccination is essential in mitigating the public health impacts of many infectious diseases. Despite the proven effectiveness of vaccination, achieving high vaccination coverage remains a challenge. To increase vaccination rates, public institutions, non-profit organizations, and companies often consider incentivization strategies, including offering monetary rewards conditional on vaccination. For example, in many low-income countries, parents are incentivized to adhere to the complete vaccination schedule for their children [1, 2].
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedSoheila Aghlmandi, Julia Bielicki, Heiner C. Bucher
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
There are fundamental differences between our cohort1 and the databases from Swiss primary care networks that are mentioned by Plüss-Suard C et al.2 In our study we used patient-level data covering roughly 50% of the Swiss population that was aggregated on a practice level, similar to our Benchmark II trial.3,4 We analyzed 2,945 general practices comprising 5,113 medium-to high-prescriber general practitioners (GPs) and pediatricians. Our study focused specifically on antibiotic prescriptions, and we considered any physician who had prescribed at least one antibiotic during a consultation in a specific year/month to construct the denominator for the calculation of antibiotic prescription rates.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedOle Haagen Nielsen, John Mark Gubatan, Kaija-Leena Kolho, Sarah Elizabeth Streett, Cynthia Maxwell
Lancet, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects reproductive planning due to psychological effects and mechanical problems related to surgery. Children of people with IBD have an increased risk of about 10% if one parent has IBD and up to 33% if both parents have IBD. The fertility of people with IBD is similar to the general population, but fertility might be reduced in individuals with active IBD, ileal pouch-anal anastomosis, or perianal Crohn\'s disease. Flaring disease during pregnancy increases complications, such as preterm birth.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedPierre Bauvin, Claire Delacôte, Line Carolle Ntandja Wandji, Guillaume Lassailly, Violeta Raverdy, François Pattou, Sylvie Deuffic-Burban, Philippe Mathurin
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
by Pierre Bauvin, Claire Delacôte, Line Carolle Ntandja Wandji, Guillaume Lassailly, Violeta Raverdy, François Pattou, Sylvie Deuffic-Burban, Philippe Mathurin Objective Help public health decision-making requires a better understanding of the dynamics of obesity and type 2 diabetes and an assessement of different strategies to decrease their burdens. Methods Based on 97,848 individual data, collected in the French Health, Health Care and Insurance Survey over 1998–2014, a Markov model was developed to describe the progression of being overweight to obesity, and the onset of type 2 diabetes. This model traces and predicts 2022–2027 burdens of obesity and type 2 diabetes, and lifetime risk of diabetes, according to different scenarios aiming at minimum to stabilize obesity at 5 years. Results Estimated risks of type 2 diabetes increase from 0.09% (normal weight) to 1.56% (obesity II-III). Compared to the before 1995 period, progression risks are estimated to have nearly doubled for obesity and tripled for type 2 diabetes. Consequently, over 2022–2027, the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes will continue to increase from 17.3% to 18.2% and from 7.3% to 8.1%, respectively. Scenarios statibilizing obesity would require a 22%-decrease in the probability of move up (scenario 1) or a 33%-increase in the probability of move down (scenario 2) one BMI class. However, this stabilization will not affect the increase of diabetes prevalence whereas lifetime risk of diabetes would decrease (30.9% to 27.0%). Combining both scenarios would decrease obesity by 9.9%. Only the prevalence of obesity III shows early change able to predict the outcome of a strategy: for example, 6.7%-decrease at one year, 13.3%-decrease at two years with scenario 1 stabilizing obesity at 5 years. Conclusions Prevalences of obesity and type 2 diabetes will still increase over the next 5 years. Stabilizing obesity may decrease lifetime risks of type 2 diabetes without affecting its short-term prevalence. Our study highlights that, to early assess the effectiveness of their program, public health policy makers should rely on the change in prevalence of obesity III.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedWeilong Wu, Ying Huang, Yuzhou Zhang, Bo Zhou
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
by Weilong Wu, Ying Huang, Yuzhou Zhang, Bo Zhou Urban agglomerations are emerging as new regional units for national participation in global competition and the international division of labor. However, they face increasingly severe resource and eco-environment pressures during urbanization. The coordination of the relationship between urbanization and the eco-environment has attracted global attention. In this study, we used Coupling Coordination Degree and Vector Autoregression models to examine the dynamic evolution, coupling relationships, coordinated development patterns, and interaction mechanisms between urbanization and the eco-environment. The results indicate that: (1) The level of urbanization in the Chengdu-Chongqing Urban agglomeration was relatively low, and the region showed a good eco-environment background. However, rapid urbanization is gradually straining the carrying capacity of the eco-environment. (2) A close and stable coupling relationship exists between urbanization and the eco-environment, which has reached an advanced coupling stage. The status of coordinated development among cities differs considerably, and multiple stable forms may exist simultaneously. (3) Urbanization has a substantial impact on environmental changes, whereas the restrictive effect of the eco-environment on urbanization development is not particularly notable. (4) Various interactive relationships exist between the urbanization and eco-environment subsystems, including positive promotion and negative constraint effects. The positive promotion effect mainly manifests between the economic, social, and ecological response subsystems, while the negative constraint effect is most evident in the mutual coercion and inhibition between the regional urbanization, economic urbanization, ecological status, and ecological pressure subsystems. These findings have important policy implications for decision makers exploring the path of coordinated and sustainable development in urbanization and the eco-environment in Urban agglomerations.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedNihad Salifu, Catherine I. Segbefia, Yakubu Alhassan, Lorna A. Renner, Edem M. A. Tette
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
by Nihad Salifu, Catherine I. Segbefia, Yakubu Alhassan, Lorna A. Renner, Edem M. A. Tette Undernutrition in children with cancer is associated with complications during cancer therapy. The study objective was to determine the association between specific anthropometric parameters and short-term chemotherapy-related complications and mortality. This was a hospital-based, prospective cohort study of children, age ≤12 years, with a new cancer diagnosis at the Paediatric Oncology Unit, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana. Socio-demographic information, cancer characteristics and anthropometric measurements were obtained at enrolment. Participants were followed up for twelve weeks from commencement of chemotherapy and selected treatment-related complications such as anaemia and thrombocytopenia requiring transfusions, prolonged neutropenia resulting in treatment delays, febrile neutropenia, mucositis and death were recorded. A total of 133 participants were recruited with a median age of 4.5 years. Eighty-one (60.9%) were diagnosed with solid tumours, 31 (23.3%) had leukaemias and 21 (15.8%) had lymphomas. Of the anthropometric parameters assessed, only arm anthropometry using upper arm muscle area (UAMA) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) were associated with complications. Participants with wasting were more likely to develop anaemia and mucositis. However, the incidence of prolonged neutropenia was significantly higher among participants with average UAMA (p = 0.043) and low average UAMA (p = 0.049) compared to those with low UAMA. Risk of neutropenia was also significantly less among those with wasting by MUAC compared to those well-nourished (p = 0.045). Twenty-three participants (17.3%) died with a greater proportion (11/44; 25%) occurring in those who were wasted using MUAC. These findings underscore the need for nutritional surveillance at diagnosis and during chemotherapy, particularly where co-morbid disease is prevalent.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMalaria Journal, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract A Stakeholder engagement meeting on the implementation of post-discharge malaria chemoprevention (PDMC) in Benin, Kenya, Malawi, and Uganda was held in Nairobi, Kenya, on 27 September 2023. Representatives from the respective National Malaria Control Programmes, the World Health Organization (WHO) Geneva, Africa Regional and Kenya offices, research partners, non-governmental organizations, and the Medicines for Malaria Venture participated. PDMC was recommended by the WHO in June 2022 and involves provision of a full anti-malarial treatment course at regular intervals during the post-discharge period in children hospitalized with severe anaemia in areas of moderate-to-high malaria transmission. The WHO recommendation followed evidence from a meta-analysis of three clinical trials and from acceptability, delivery, cost-effectiveness, and modelling studies. The trials were conducted in The Gambia using monthly sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine during the transmission season, in Malawi using monthly artemether-lumefantrine, and in Kenya and Uganda using monthly dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, showing a significant reduction in all-cause mortality by 77% (95% CI 30–98) and a 55% (95% CI 44–64) reduction in all-cause hospital readmissions 6 months post-discharge. The recommendation has not yet been implemented in sub-Saharan Africa. There is no established platform for PDMC delivery. The objectives of the meeting were for the participating countries to share country contexts, plans and experiences regarding the adoption and implementation of PDMC and to explore potential delivery platforms in each setting. The meeting served as the beginning of stakeholder engagement within the PDMC Saves Lives project and will be followed by formative and implementation research to evaluate alternative delivery strategies in selected countries. Meeting highlights included country consensus on use of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for PDMC and expansion of the target group to "severe anaemia or severe malaria", in addition to identifying country-specific options for PDMC delivery for evaluation in implementation research. Further exploration is needed on whether the age group should be extended to school-age children.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract Concerns regarding toxicity and resistance of current drugs have been reported in visceral leishmaniasis. Anti-microbial peptides are considered as new promising candidates and amongst them, human cathelicidin hCAP18/LL-37 showed significant parasite killing on drug-sensitive and resistant Leishmania promastigotes, coupled with its apoptosis-inducing role. Administration of hCAP18/LL-37 in infected macrophages also decreased parasite survival and increased the host favorable cytokine IL-12. However, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VitD3)-induced endogenous hCAP18/LL-37 production was hampered in infected THP-1 cells. Infection also suppressed the VitD3-receptor (VDR), transcription factor of hCAP18/LL-37. cAMP response element modulator (CREM), the repressor of VDR, was induced in infection resulting in suppression of both VDR and cathelicidin expression. PGE2/cAMP/PKA axis was found to regulate CREM induction during infection and silencing CREM in infected cells and BALB/c mice led to decreased parasite survival. Present study thus documents the anti-leishmanial potential of cathelicidin and further identifies CREM as a repressor of cathelicidin in Leishmania infection.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract Background Improved epidemiologic and treatment data for active tuberculosis (TB) with chronic hepatitis B virus (cHBV) infection might inform and encourage screening and vaccination programs focused on persons at risk of having both conditions.Methods We matched the California Department of Public Health TB registry during 2016–2020 to the cHBV registry using probabilistic matching algorithms. We used chi-square analysis to compare the characteristics of persons with TB and cHBV with those with TB only. We compared TB treatment outcomes between these groups using modified Poisson regression models. We calculated the time between reporting of TB and cHBV diagnoses for those with both conditions.Results We identified 8,435 persons with TB, including 316 (3.7%) with cHBV. Among persons with TB and cHBV, 256 (81.0%) were non-U.S.-born Asian vs 4,186 (51.6%) with TB only (P 60 days after cHBV (median 3,411 days).Conclusion Persons with TB and cHBV were found more frequently in certain groups compared with TB only, and infrequently had their conditions diagnosed together. This highlights an opportunity to improve screening and treatment of TB and cHBV in those at high risk for coinfection.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract Background There are little data on changes in insulin sensitivity during the first few years of life following in utero human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and antiretroviral (ARV) exposure.Methods The Tshilo Dikotla study enrolled pregnant persons with HIV (PWH) (receiving tenofovir/emtricitabine or lamivudine plus dolutegravir or efavirenz) and pregnant individuals without HIV, as well as their liveborn children. Newborns were randomized to receive either zidovudine (AZT) or nevirapine (NVP) postnatal prophylaxis. Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was assessed at birth and 1, 18, 24, and 36 months of life. We fit linear mixed-effects models to evaluate the association between in utero HIV/ARV exposure and average HOMA-IR from birth through 36 months of life, adjusting for confounders.Results A total of 419 children were included (287 with in utero HIV/ARV exposure and uninfected [CHEU] and 132 without in utero HIV/ARV exposure [CHUU]). CHEU were born to older women (29.6 vs 25.3 years of age) with higher gravidity (3 vs 1). HOMA-IR was persistently higher in CHEU versus CHUU in adjusted analyses (mean difference of 0.07 in log10 HOMA-IR, P = .02) from birth through 36 months of life. Among CHEU, no differences in HOMA-IR were observed from birth through 36 months by in utero ARV exposure status or between AZT and NVP infant prophylaxis arms.Conclusions In utero HIV/ARV exposure was associated with lower insulin sensitivity throughout the first 36 months of life, indicating persistent early life metabolic disturbances which may raise concern for poorer metabolic health later in life.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMinh Ha NgoJoshua PankracRyan C. Y. HoEmmanuel NdashimyeRahul PawaRenata CeccacciTsigereda BiruAbayomi S. OlabodeKatja KleinYue LiColin KovacsRobert AssadJeffrey M. JacobsonDavid H. CanadayStephen TomusangeSamiri JamiruAggrey AnokTaddeo KityamuweesiPaul BuuleRonald M. GaliwangoSteven J. ReynoldsThomas C. QuinnAndrew D. ReddJessica L. ProdgerJamie F. S. MannEric J. Artsa Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canadab College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnamc Special Immunology Unit and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USAd Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UKe Maple Leaf Medical Clinic and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canadaf Rakai Health Sciences Program, Kalisizo, Ugandag Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USAh Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Emerg Microbes Infect, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Ying LiuJiayou ZhangWen LiuYongbing PanShunan RuanXuanxuan NianWei ChenLina SunQiangling YinXin YueQingliang LiFang GuiCong WuShuzhen WangYunkai YangZhaofei JingFeiguang LongZejun WangZeyu ZhangChaolin HuangKai DuanMifang LiangXiaoming Yanga Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinab Hubei Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinac Hubei Public Health Clinical Center, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinad Wuhan Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinae National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinaf Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co. Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinag National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinah Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinai China National Biotec Group Company Limited, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024