Nyt fra tidsskrifterne
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
47 ud af 47 tidsskrifter valgt, søgeord (hepatitis) valgt, emner højest 180 dage gamle, sorteret efter nyeste først.
166 emner vises.
Anurag Adhikari, Arunasingam Abayasingam, Nicholas A. Brasher, Ha Na Kim, Megan Lord, David Agapiou, Lisa Maher, Chaturaka Rodrigo, Andrew R. Lloyd, Rowena A. Bull, Nicodemus Tedla
Journal of Medical Virology, 19.01.2024
Tilføjet 19.01.2024
Nedim Hadžić, Maesha Deheragoda, Austen Worth, Sanjay Bansal, Marianne Samyn, Maaike Kusters
New England Journal of Medicine, 18.01.2024
Tilføjet 18.01.2024
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 390, Issue 3, Page 284-286, January 2024.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical Infectious Diseases, 13.01.2024
Tilføjet 13.01.2024
Abstract Background Advancements in access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care have led to a decline in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related deaths among people with HIV (PWH) in Switzerland. However, data on the ongoing changes in causes of death among PWH over the past 15 years is scarce.Methods We investigated all reported deaths in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study between 2005-2022. Causes of death were categorized using the Coding Causes of Death in HIV protocol. The statistical analysis included demographic stratification to identify time trends and logistic regression models to determine associated factors for the underlying cause of death.Results In total, 1630 deaths were reported, with 23.7% of individuals assigned female at birth. Out of these deaths, 147 (9.0%) were HIV/AIDS-related, 373 (22.9%) due to non-AIDS, non-hepatic (NANH) cancers, 166 (10.2%) liver-related, and 158 (9.7%) cardiovascular-related. The median age at death increased from 45.0 [40.0,53.0] years in 2005-2007 to 61.0 [56.0,69.5] years in 2020-2022. HIV/AIDS and liver-related causes of death decreased, whereas deaths from NANH cancers increased, and cardiovascular-related deaths remained relatively stable.Conclusion The proportionally decreasing HIV/AIDS and liver-related deaths showcase the effectiveness of ART, comprehensive HIV patient care, and interventions targeting hepatitis C virus co-infection. Future research should focus on managing cancer and cardiovascular-related conditions as the new leading causes of death among PWH. Comprehensive healthcare strategies focusing on non-AIDS-related comorbidities, cancer management, and sustaining liver and cardiovascular health are needed to bridge the ongoing health disparities between PWH and the general population.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMohareb, A. M., Kim, A. Y., Boyd, A., Noubary, F., Kouame, M. G., Anglaret, X., Coffie, P. A., Eholie, S. P., Freedberg, K. A., Hyle, E. P.
BMJ Open, 13.01.2024
Tilføjet 13.01.2024
ObjectivesDetailed simulation models are needed to assess strategies for prevention and treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the world’s leading cause of liver disease. We sought to develop and validate a simulation model of chronic HBV that incorporates virological, serological and clinical outcomes. MethodsWe developed a novel Monte Carlo simulation model (the HEPA-B Model) detailing the natural history of chronic HBV. We parameterised the model with epidemiological data from the Western Pacific and sub-Saharan Africa. We simulated the evolution of HBV DNA, ‘e’ antigen (HBeAg) and surface antigen (HBsAg). We projected incidence of HBeAg loss, HBsAg loss, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and death over 10-year and lifetime horizons. We stratified outcomes by five HBV DNA categories at the time of HBeAg loss, ranging from HBV DNA106 copies/mL. We tested goodness of fit using intraclass coefficients (ICC). ResultsModel-projected incidence of HBeAg loss was 5.18% per year over lifetime (ICC, 0.969 (95% CI: 0.728 to 0.990)). For people in HBeAg-negative phases of infection, model-projected HBsAg loss ranged from 0.78% to 3.34% per year depending on HBV DNA level (ICC, 0.889 (95% CI: 0.542 to 0.959)). Model-projected incidence of cirrhosis was 0.29–2.09% per year (ICC, 0.965 (95% CI: 0.942 to 0.979)) and HCC incidence was 0.06–1.65% per year (ICC, 0.977 (95% CI: 0.962 to 0.986)). Over a lifetime simulation of HBV disease, mortality rates were higher for people with older age, higher HBV DNA level and liver-related complications, consistent with observational studies. ConclusionsWe simulated HBV DNA-stratified clinical outcomes with the novel HEPA-B Model and validated them to observational data. This model can be used to examine strategies of HBV prevention and management.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedHadi Darvishi-Khezri, Hossein Karami, Mohammad Naderisorki, Mobin Ghazaiean, Mehrnoush Kosaryan, Amir Mosanejad-Galchali, Aily Aliasgharian, Hasan Karami
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 12.01.2024
Tilføjet 12.01.2024
by Hadi Darvishi-Khezri, Hossein Karami, Mohammad Naderisorki, Mobin Ghazaiean, Mehrnoush Kosaryan, Amir Mosanejad-Galchali, Aily Aliasgharian, Hasan Karami Background and aim Hypozincemia is a prevalent adverse consequence in diabetes mellitus (DM) and β-Thalassemia patients. We aimed to evaluate the level of serum zinc in β-thalassemia patients with DM and a risk assessment for hypozincemia. Methods The study population included transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) and non-transfusion-dependent thalassemia (NTDT) with overt DM (fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥126 mg/dL, and/or 2-h plasma glucose≥200 mg/dL). Serum zinc concentration was measured by the colorimetric method, and the values below 70 μg/dL were defined as hypozincemia. Myocardial and liver T2*-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI T2*, millisecond [ms]) were valued by a free contrast MRI. The demographic, clinical, paraclinical, and laboratory data were also recorded. The data belonged to the period from December 2018 until December 2020. Results Of 64 diabetic β-thalassemia patients, 41 cases had zinc data in their medical files (aged 38 ± 9 years, 48.8% female). 78.05% of patients (n = 32) were TDT, and 21.95% were NTDT (n = 9). The mean ± standard deviation of zinc level was 110.2 ± 127.6 μg/dL. The prevalence of hypozincemia was 9.76%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.27 to 19.24 (four cases). After controlling age, the odds of hypozincemia for using deferasirox (DFX) was 8.77, 95% CI 0.60 to 127.1. In β-thalassemia patients, the age-adjusted risk of hypozincemia was calculated at 15.85, 95% CI 0.47 to 529.3 for hepatitis C. The adjusted risk of hypozincemia based on age for antacid use was 6.34, 95% CI 0.39 to 102.7. Conclusion In light of this study, as well as hepatitis C, using DFX and antacids is associated with a high risk of hypozincemia amid diabetic β-thalassemia cases. However, upward bias should be taken into consideration.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical Infectious Diseases, 12.01.2024
Tilføjet 12.01.2024
Abstract Purpose Tuberculosis (TB) is a public health threat with >80% of active TB in the U.S. occurring due to reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). We may be under-screening those with high risk for LTBI and over-testing those at lower risk. A better understanding of gaps in current LTBI testing practices in relation to LTBI test positivity is needed.Methods This study, conducted between 01/01/2008 and 12/31/2019 at Kaiser Permanente Southern California, included individuals ≥18 years of age without a history of active TB. We examined factors associated with LTBI testing and LTBI positivity.Results Among 3,816,884 adults (52% female, 37% White, 37% Hispanic, mean age 43.5 years [S.D. 16.1]), 706,367 (19%) were tested for LTBI, among whom 60,393 (9%) had ≥1 positive result. Among 1,211,971 individuals meeting ≥1 screening criteria for LTBI, 210,025 (17%) were tested for LTBI. Factors associated with higher adjusted odds (aOR) of testing positive included male sex [aOR: 1.32, 95% CI:1.30-1.35], Asian/Pacific Islander [2.78, 2.68-2.88], current smoking [1.24, 1.20-1.28], diabetes [1.13, 1.09-1.16], hepatitis B [1.45, 1.34-1.57], hepatitis C [1.54, 1.44-1.66], and birth in a country with an elevated TB rate [3.40, 3.31-3.49]). Despite being risk factors for testing positive for LTBI, none of these factors were associated with higher odds of LTBI testing.Conclusions Current LTBI testing practices may be missing individuals at high risk of LTBI. Additional work is needed to refine and implement screening guidelines that appropriately target testing for those at highest risk for LTBI.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedYan Wang, Guizhou Shen, Ruichao Lu, Jun Liu, Feng Zhang, Hui Wang, Weiping Cai, Fujie Zhang
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 11.01.2024
Tilføjet 11.01.2024
Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) exacerbates the progression of hepatitis B virus (HBV) [1]. HDV/HBV co-infection correlates with severe liver disease, rapid progression to cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, and higher mortality than individuals infected with HBV alone [1]. There is no therapy approved by the US Food and Drug Administration [2]; however, there is conditional approval for bulevirtide by the European Medicines Agency [3]. The recommended therapy, PEG-IFN-alpha, does not produce satisfactory results [2].
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedVictoria R. Adams, Leonard B. Collins, Taufika Islam Williams, Jennifer Holmes, Paul Hess, Hannah M. Atkins, Grace Scheidemantle, Xiaojing Liu, Mareca Lodge, Aaron J. Johnson, Arion Kennedy
Frontiers in Immunology, 11.01.2024
Tilføjet 11.01.2024
Background & aimsActivated CD8+ T cells are elevated in Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and are important for driving fibrosis and inflammation. Despite this, mechanisms of CD8+ T cell activation in NASH are largely limited. Specific CD8+ T cell subsets may become activated through metabolic signals or cytokines. However, studies in NASH have not evaluated the impact of antigen presentation or the involvement of specific antigens. Therefore, we determined if activated CD8+ T cells are dependent on MHC class I expression in NASH to regulate fibrosis and inflammation. MethodsWe used H2Kb and H2Db deficient (MHC I KO), Kb transgenic mice, and myeloid cell Kb deficient mice (LysM Kb KO) to investigate how MHC class I impacts CD8+ T cell function and NASH. Flow cytometry, gene expression, and histology were used to examine hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. The hepatic class I immunopeptidome was evaluated by mass spectrometry. ResultsIn NASH, MHC class I isoform H2Kb was upregulated in myeloid cells. MHC I KO demonstrated protective effects against NASH-induced inflammation and fibrosis. Kb mice exhibited increased fibrosis in the absence of H2Db while LysM Kb KO mice showed protection against fibrosis but not inflammation. H2Kb restricted peptides identified a unique NASH peptide Ncf2 capable of CD8+ T cell activation in vitro. The Ncf2 peptide was not detected during fibrosis resolution. ConclusionThese results suggest that activated hepatic CD8+ T cells are dependent on myeloid cell MHC class I expression in diet induced NASH to promote inflammation and fibrosis. Additionally, our studies suggest a role of NADPH oxidase in the production of Ncf2 peptide generation.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedRuoyu Yang, Ying-Hui Ko, Fenglin Li, Ravi K. Lokareddy, Chun-Feng David Hou, Christine Kim, Shelby Klein, Santiago Antolínez, Juan F. Marín, Carolina Pérez-Segura, Martin F. Jarrold, Adam Zlotnick, Jodi A. Hadden-Perilla, Gino Cingolani
Science Advances, 11.01.2024
Tilføjet 11.01.2024
BMC Infectious Diseases, 10.01.2024
Tilføjet 10.01.2024
Abstract Background To investigate the trends in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients and to assess the longitudinal impact of antiviral therapy on their well-being. Methods In this prospective multicenter observational study in adults with HCV infection, sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and EQ-5D questionnaires were collected. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were used to assess the associations between these variables and changes in HRQoL over time. Results 456 patients were included, with a median age of 46.5 (36.5–57.0) years, of which 262 (57.5%) were males and 44 (9.6%) had cirrhosis. 335 patients (73.5%) receiving antiviral therapy and 61.8% achieved sustained virologic response (SVR). The baseline EQ-5D utility and EQ-VAS were 0.916 ± 0.208 and 80.6 ± 13.0. In multivariable analysis of GEE estimation, achieving SVR24 was positively associated with EQ-5D utility (p = 0.000) and EQ-VAS (p = 0.000) over time. Age and income were shown to be significant predictors of EQ-5D utility, while gender, age and genotype were associated with EQ-VAS over time. Conclusions SVR improved long-term HRQoL in HCV patients in the first few years following viral clearance. Certain sociodemographic factors, such as gender, age, income as well as genotype, significantly influenced long-term changes in patients’ quality of life. Trial registration NCT01594554. Registration date: 09/05/2012.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 9.01.2024
Tilføjet 9.01.2024
Abstract Background MicroRNAs (miR) are small sequence of nucleotides that can affect multiple genes involved in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) life cycle and disease development. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the clinical significance of serum microRNA profiles in a cohort of Egyptian patients with chronic HCV infection before and after combined sofosbuvir and daclatasvir treatment, as well as to gain a better understanding of the exact interaction mechanism in HCV transcriptional activity via differentially expressed miRNAs. For 12 weeks, 50 patients were eligible for and received sofosbuvir (400 mg daily) and daclatasvir (60 mg daily) treatment. Each patient’s blood was obtained twice: once before therapy began and again three months afterwards. Results The current study found that serum levels of circulating miR-122, miR-221, miR-23a, miR-125, miR-217, miR-224, and miR-181a were high in HCV pre-treatment patients, but after 12 weeks of direct-acting antiviral (DAAs) treatment, there was a statistically significant reduction in expression levels of miR-122, miR-221, miR-23a, miR-125, miR-217, and miR-224 (p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 9.01.2024
Tilføjet 9.01.2024
Abstract Background The provincial-level sero-survey was launched to learn the updated seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the general population aged 1–69 years in Chongqing and to assess the risk factors for HBV infection to effectively screen persons with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods A total of 1828 individuals aged 1–69 years were investigated, and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg (HBsAb), and antibody to B core antigen (HBcAb) were detected. Logistic regression and three machine learning (ML) algorithms, including random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and stochastic gradient boosting (SGB), were developed for analysis. Results The HBsAg prevalence of the total population was 3.83%, and among persons aged 1–14 years and 15–69 years, it was 0.24% and 4.89%, respectively. A large figure of 95.18% (770/809) of adults was unaware of their occult HBV infection. Age, region, and immunization history were found to be statistically associated with HBcAb prevalence with a logistic regression model. The prediction accuracies were 0.717, 0.727, and 0.725 for the proposed RF, SVM, and SGB models, respectively. Conclusions The logistic regression integrated with ML models could helpfully screen the risk factors for HBV infection and identify high-risk populations with CHB.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedYih‐Ping Su, Selena Y. Lin, Ih‐Jen Su, Yu‐Lan Kao, Shih‐Chun Shen, Joshua P. Earl, Garth D. Ehrlich, Cheng‐Yi Chen, Wenya Huang, Ying‐Hsiu Su, Hung‐Wen Tsai
Journal of Medical Virology, 6.01.2024
Tilføjet 6.01.2024
Kikanwa Anyiwe, Aysegul Erman, Marian Hassan, Jordan J Feld, Eleanor Pullenayegum, William W L Wong, Beate Sander
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 4.01.2024
Tilføjet 4.01.2024
Social determinants of health are important in designing effective interventions for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This systematic review characterises equity-oriented, social determinants of health-focused HBV interventions, and describes their effectiveness in terms of the prevention, care, or treatment of HBV in high-income countries. We searched electronic databases for central concepts of ‘HBV’, ‘equity’, ‘social determinants of health’, ‘intervention’, and ‘Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries’.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAmerican Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 3.01.2024
Tilføjet 3.01.2024
Journal Name: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Volume: 110 Issue: 1 Pages: 32-35
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedWanjia ZengLiwei ZhengYukun LiJing YangTianhao MaoJing ZhangYanna LiuJing NingTing ZhangHongxin HuangXiangmei ChenFengmin Lua Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinab School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, People’s Republic of Chinac Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinad Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinae Department of Pathogen Biology and Biosecurity, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 31.12.2023
Tilføjet 31.12.2023
María Casares-JimenezAntonio Rivero-JuarezPedro Lopez-LopezMaría Luisa MontesRoser Navarro-SolerJoaquín PeraireNuria EspinosaMaría Remedios Alemán-VallsTránsito Garcia-GarciaJavier Caballero-GomezDiana Corona-MataIgnacio Perez-ValeroRainer G. UlrichAntonio Riveroa Infectious Diseases Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Instituto for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba (UCO), Cordoba, Spainb CIBERINFEC, ISCIII – CIBER on Infectious Diseases, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spainc HIV Unit, Internal Medicine Service, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spaind Infectious Diseases Unit, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spaine Infectious Diseases Unit, Joan XXIII University Hospital, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spainf Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Unit, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, CSIC, IbIS, University of Seville, Seville, Spaing Infectious Diseases Unit, Canarias University Hospital, La Laguna, Spainh Immunogenomic and Molecular Pathogenesis, Zoonoses and Emerging diseases Unit (ENZOEM), Genetic Department, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spaini Animal Health Unit, Zoonoses and Emerging diseases Unit (ENZOEM), University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spainj Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germanyk German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
Emerg Microbes Infect, 31.12.2023
Tilføjet 31.12.2023
Chen, T., Zhang, Y., Liu, J., Rao, Z., Wang, M., Shen, H., Zeng, S.
BMJ Open, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
ObjectiveWe aimed to examine trends in overall mortality rates for liver cancer and those within subgroups according to sex, age, aetiological factors and modifiable risk factors in China from 1990 to 2019. DesignThe design of this study involved analysing liver cancer mortality rates in China from 1990 to 2019 using joinpoint regression analysis to identify significant changes in mortality rates. Annual percentage changes (APCs) and 95% CIs were used to quantify the magnitude of changes in mortality rates. The study also conducted subgroup analyses based on sex, age, aetiological factors and risk factors to better understand trends in liver cancer mortality rates. ResultsThe age-standardised mortality from liver cancer in China first increased from 28.12 to 31.54 deaths per 100 000 population in 1990–1996 (APC=2.1%, 95% CI: 1.5% to 2.6%), then dropped at varying rates (1996–2000, APC=–3.7%, 95% CI: –5.2% to –2.1%; 2000–2004, APC=–17.4%, 95% CI: –18.7% to –16.1%; 2004–2007, APC=–5.4%, 95% CI: –8.3% to –2.3%; and 2007–2012, APC=–1.4%, 95% CI: –2.3% to –0.4%), and began to increase again after 2012 (APC=1.3%, 95% CI: 0.9% to 1.7%). Hepatitis B and C virus infections accounted for 63% and 18% of liver cancer-related deaths, respectively, in China from 1990 to 2019. Smoking, drug use, alcohol use and elevated body mass index were the four leading risk factors for liver cancer mortality in China during the study period. Notable variations in both liver cancer mortality rates and changes in mortality rates were observed across sexes and age groups. ConclusionsThe age-standardised liver cancer mortality rate in China significantly decreased from 1996 to 2019. The major differences in liver cancer mortality rates and inconsistent changes in mortality rates between 1990 and 2019 merit the attention of researchers and policymakers.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedZi-Min TangGui-Ping WenDong YingSi-Ling WangChang LiuWei-Kun TianYing-Bin WangMu-Jin FangYu-Lin ZhouYun-Sheng GeTing WuJun ZhangShou-Jie HuangZi-Zheng ZhengNing-Shao Xiaa State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR People’s Republic of Chinab NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR People’s Republic of Chinac United Diagnostic and Research Center for Clinical Genetics, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR People’s Republic of Chinad School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
Guohua ZhongChunlan ZhuangXiaowen HuQi ChenZhaofeng BiXinhua JiaSiying PengYufei LiYue HuangQiufen ZhangYing HongYoulin QiaoYingying SuHuirong PanTing WuLihui WeiShoujie HuangJun ZhangNingshao Xiaa State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biologic Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of Chinab Xiang’an Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, People’s Republic of Chinac Xiamen Innovax Biotech Company, Xiamen, People’s Republic of Chinad The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of Chinae National Cancer Center, National Center for Cancer Clinical Research, the Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinaf Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinag The Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
Liwei ZhengShuying LiuFengmin Lua Department of Microbiology & Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinab SL Consulting, Thousand Oaks, CA, USAc Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
Jason M. Blaylock, Evan C. Ewers, Elizabeth J. Bianchi, David B. King, Rosemary O. Casimier, Hector Erazo, Stephen Grieco, Jenny Lay, Sheila A. Peel, Kayvon Modjarrad, Charmagne G. Beckett, Jason F. Okulicz, Paul T. Scott, Shilpa Hakre
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 29.12.2023
Tilføjet 29.12.2023
by Jason M. Blaylock, Evan C. Ewers, Elizabeth J. Bianchi, David B. King, Rosemary O. Casimier, Hector Erazo, Stephen Grieco, Jenny Lay, Sheila A. Peel, Kayvon Modjarrad, Charmagne G. Beckett, Jason F. Okulicz, Paul T. Scott, Shilpa Hakre Background The evidence for an increased incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among patients utilizing HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been inconsistent. We assessed the risk of incident STI while on PrEP compared to periods off PrEP among military service members starting PrEP. Methods Incidence rates of chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, hepatitis C virus, and HIV were determined among military service members without HIV prescribed daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine for HIV PrEP from February 1, 2014 through June 10, 2016. Hazard ratios for incident STIs were calculated using an Anderson-Gill recurrent event proportional hazard regression model. Results Among 755 male service members, 477 (63%) were diagnosed with incident STIs (overall incidence 21.4 per 100 person-years). Male service members had a significantly lower risk of any STIs (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.21, 95% CI 0.11–0.40) while using PrEP compared to periods off PrEP after adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics, reasons for initiating PrEP, surveillance period prior to PrEP initiation, and the effect of PrEP on site and type of infection in multivariate analysis. However, when stratifying for anatomical site and type of infection, the risk of extragenital gonorrhea infection (pharyngeal NG: aHR 1.84, 95% CI 0.82–4.13, p = 0.30; rectal NG: aHR 1.23, 95% CI 0.60–2.51, p = 1.00) and extragenital CT infection (pharyngeal CT: aHR 2.30, 95% CI 0.46–11.46, p = 0.81; rectal CT: aHR 1.36, 95% CI 0.81–2.31, p = 0.66) was greater on PrEP compared to off PrEP although these values did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions The data suggest entry into PrEP care reduced the overall risk of STIs following adjustment for anatomical site of STI and treatment. Service members engaged in PrEP services also receive more STI prevention counseling, which might contribute to decreases in STI risk while on PrEP.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedNoémie OechslinNathalie Da SilvaMaliki AnkavayDarius MoradpourJérôme GouttenoireaDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 27.12.2023
Tilføjet 27.12.2023
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 120, Issue 52, December 2023.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJingrong Ye, Yanming Sun, Jia Li, Xinli Lu, Minna Zheng, Lifeng Liu, Fengting Yu, Shufang He, Conghui Xu, Xianlong Ren, Juan Wang, Jing Chen, Yuhua Ruan, Yi Feng, Yiming Shao, Hui Xing, Hongyan Lu
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 22.12.2023
Tilføjet 22.12.2023
by Jingrong Ye, Yanming Sun, Jia Li, Xinli Lu, Minna Zheng, Lifeng Liu, Fengting Yu, Shufang He, Conghui Xu, Xianlong Ren, Juan Wang, Jing Chen, Yuhua Ruan, Yi Feng, Yiming Shao, Hui Xing, Hongyan Lu In China, few molecular epidemiological data on hepatitis C virus (HCV) are available and all previous studies were limited by small sample sizes or specific population characteristics. Here, we report characterization of the epidemic history and transmission dynamics of HCV strains in China. We included HCV sequences of individuals belonging to three HCV surveillance programs: 1) patients diagnosed with HIV infection at the Beijing HIV laboratory network, most of whom were people who inject drugs and former paid blood donors, 2) men who have sex with men, and 3) the general population. We also used publicly available HCV sequences sampled in China in our study. In total, we obtained 1,603 Ns5b and 865 C/E2 sequences from 1,811 individuals. The most common HCV strains were subtypes 1b (29.1%), 3b (25.5%) and 3a (15.1%). In transmission network analysis, factors independently associated with clustering included the region (OR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.19–0.71), infection subtype (OR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.1–0.52), and sampling period (OR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.27–0.68). The history of the major HCV subtypes was complex, which coincided with some important sociomedical events in China. Of note, five of eight HCV subtype (1a, 1b, 2a, 3a, and 3b), which constituted 81.8% HCV strains genotyped in our study, showed a tendency towards decline in the effective population size during the past decade until present, which is a good omen for the goal of eliminating HCV by 2030 in China.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedPanchenko, Sofya; Gabster, Amanda; Mayaud, Philippe; Erausquin, Jennifer Toller
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, 19.12.2023
Tilføjet 19.12.2023
Purpose of review This article reviews recently published research on sexual health challenges and HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among migrant, immigrant and displaced people (MIDP) worldwide. We aimed to identify current evidence gaps regarding HIV/STI epidemiology, sexual health needs and interventions. Recent findings Incidence and prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and syphilis were higher among MIDP compared to host populations. However, research studies are limited in geographical distribution and few routine surveillance data are collected. Barriers to sexual health services use and participation in preventive interventions include low HIV/STI symptom knowledge and risk awareness, and intersectional experiences of stigma/discrimination. Better targeted promotion messages are needed to increase utilization of preventive sexual health interventions. Summary Access to, and use of, sexual health services and interventions are evident needs among MIDP. These needs are intertwined with social determinants of health, including cultural/language barriers and stigma. Effective interventions require involvement of multiple stakeholder groups, encouraging engagement and providing social protection. Promising directions for interventions and further research include developing sexual health supportive environments through peer-strategies and provider training in trauma-informed care.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMohamed Abdel‐Samiee, Mohamed I. Youssef, Fathy Elghamry, Mahmoud Bazeed, Mohamed Al‐Shorbagy, Helmy Shalaby, Hossam Shabana, Eman Abdelsameea, Hesham El Sayed Lashin, Hossam M. Farid El Zamek, Tarek Esam, Mohammad AbdElhameed Ahmed Alwaseef, Housam Ahmed Helmy, Feras Almarshad, Fatma A. Khalaf, Badawy W. AboBakr Yossef, Arafat Kassem, Basant Mostafa Gabr, Ahmed Abdelfattah, Hind S. AboShabaan, Galal Abdelhameed Aboufarrag, Marwa M. Omar, Mohammed Saied Bakeer, Mohammed S. Imam, Essam S. Ibrahim, Shimaa Y Kamel, Talaat Allisy, Omima Sayed Mohammed, Ali Farahat, Mohsen M. El‐Khayat, Mohamed Abdelrafaa Hassan Sekeen, Eman Mohammed Zaher, Ashraf Said, Ahmed Abuamer, Essam Elmahdi
Journal of Medical Virology, 19.12.2023
Tilføjet 19.12.2023
Yuh‐Jin Liang, Yu‐Wei Chiou, Abby Pei‐Ting Chiu, Ming‐Shi Shiao, Wei Teng, Chin‐Wei Lin, Mei‐Ling Cheng, Yen‐Hua Huang, Kung‐Hao Liang, Chien‐Wei Su, Chi‐Yu Lai, Chih‐Li Chen, Jaw‐Ching Wu
Journal of Medical Virology, 19.12.2023
Tilføjet 19.12.2023
Jackline Wangu Ngari, Steve Leumi, Lin Han, Chaolun Liu, Yimin Tong, Jin Zhong
Journal of Medical Virology, 17.12.2023
Tilføjet 17.12.2023
BMC Infectious Diseases, 14.12.2023
Tilføjet 14.12.2023
Abstract Background The Viral hepatitis elimination by 2030 is uncertain in resource-limited settings (RLS), due to high burdens and poor diagnostic coverage. This sounds more challenging for hepatitis C virus (HCV) given that antibody (HCVAb) sero-positivity still lacks wide access to HCV RNA molecular testing. This warrants context-specific strategies for appropriate management of liver impairment in RLS. We herein determine the association between anti-HCV positivity and liver impairment in an African RLS. Methods A facility-based observational study was conducted from July-August 2021 among individuals attending the “St Monique” Health Center at Ottou, a rural community of Yaounde,Cameroon. Following a consecutive sampling, consenting individuals were tested for anti-HCV antibodies, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HIV antibodies (HIVAb) as per the national guidelines. After excluding positive cases for HBsAg and/or HIVAb, liver function tests (ALT/AST) were performed on eligible participants (HBsAg and HIVAb negative) and outcomes were compared according to HCVAb status; with p 50 years compared to younger ones [38.46%(15/39) versus 12.36% (33/267) respectively, OR(95%CI) = 4.43(2.11-9.29), p 50 versus younger ones [69.23% (27/39) versus 24.72%(66/267) respectively, p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 14.12.2023
Tilføjet 14.12.2023
Abstract Background and aims Refugees are at higher risk for hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV), but often face unique healthcare barriers to vaccination, testing, and treatment. This scoping review aimed to identify and characterize HBV and HCV prevention and care services serving refugee populations globally. Methods A literature search was conducted on Embase, Cochrane, and PubMed databases. Research studies published in English between January 2010 to July 2022 describing an HBV or HCV prevention, testing, or treatment intervention for refugees were included. Results There were a total of 69 articles reporting viral hepatitis prevalence, implementation of services, or economic modelling. Of the 38 implementation studies, 14 were stand-alone HBV and/or HCV interventions, while 24 studies included HBV and/or HCV in an intervention targeting multiple infectious diseases and/or parasitic infections. Interventions commonly included a testing (n = 30) or referral (n = 24) component. Frequently reported features to promote program accessibility included bilingual services (n = 25), community partnerships (n = 21), and multidisciplinary staff members (n = 18), such as cultural and/or linguistic mediators, community health workers, community health leaders, lay health workers, local health staff, members of the refugee community, and social workers. The most commonly reported challenge was the transience of refugees (n = 5). Twenty studies noted funding sources, of which twelve reported governmental funding (not including national health insurance) and eight reported that refugees received national health insurance. Conclusions This is the first scoping review to characterize the types of hepatitis prevention, screening, and treatment interventions serving refugee populations globally. Published experiences of HBV and HCV services for refugee populations remain limited. Additional efforts are needed to disseminate models of hepatitis interventions for refugees to ensure access to care for this key population. To achieve hepatitis elimination globally, best practices must be identified and shared to expand access to hepatitis services for refugee populations.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of the American Medical Association, 14.12.2023
Tilføjet 14.12.2023
Promoting the science and art of medicine for the betterment of human health is central to JAMA’s mission and is fulfilled in part by publishing articles with up-to-date evidence on common health problems that are timely and practical for clinicians. Narrative reviews, an important component of JAMA’s Clinical Review and Education section, provide evidence-based and timely summaries of topics relevant for the practicing generalist clinician. Recent JAMA narrative reviews have covered prediabetes, hyperthyroidism, and care of adults who survived childhood cancer.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of the American Medical Association, 14.12.2023
Tilføjet 14.12.2023
This review summarizes evidence regarding Black race and inequities in outcomes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection because of the high prevalence and absolute number of annual HCV-related deaths in Black populations relative to other racial and ethnic minority groups.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 14.12.2023
Tilføjet 14.12.2023
Abstract Background The Viral hepatitis elimination by 2030 is uncertain in resource-limited settings (RLS), due to high burdens and poor diagnostic coverage. This sounds more challenging for hepatitis C virus (HCV) given that antibody (HCVAb) sero-positivity still lacks wide access to HCV RNA molecular testing. This warrants context-specific strategies for appropriate management of liver impairment in RLS. We herein determine the association between anti-HCV positivity and liver impairment in an African RLS. Methods A facility-based observational study was conducted from July-August 2021 among individuals attending the “St Monique” Health Center at Ottou, a rural community of Yaounde,Cameroon. Following a consecutive sampling, consenting individuals were tested for anti-HCV antibodies, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HIV antibodies (HIVAb) as per the national guidelines. After excluding positive cases for HBsAg and/or HIVAb, liver function tests (ALT/AST) were performed on eligible participants (HBsAg and HIVAb negative) and outcomes were compared according to HCVAb status; with p 50 years compared to younger ones [38.46%(15/39) versus 12.36% (33/267) respectively, OR(95%CI) = 4.43(2.11-9.29), p 50 versus younger ones [69.23% (27/39) versus 24.72%(66/267) respectively, p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedSayaka Iizasa, Koji Nagao, Keisuke Tsuge, Yukio Nagano, Teruyoshi Yanagita
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 12.12.2023
Tilføjet 12.12.2023
by Sayaka Iizasa, Koji Nagao, Keisuke Tsuge, Yukio Nagano, Teruyoshi Yanagita Hepatic steatosis is an early stage in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and can lead to the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Identification of dietary components that can alleviate hepatic steatosis is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies for NAFLD. Recently, we demonstrated the impact of lipids extracted from the marine red alga Susabinori (Pyropia yezoensis) in a murine model of type 2-diabete (db/db). We found that Susabinori lipids (SNL), abundant in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-containing polar lipids, protected against obesity-induced hepatic steatosis in db/db mice. To understand the specific genes or biological pathways underlying the effects of SNL, we conducted RNA-Seq analysis of the hepatic transcriptome. By performing comparative analysis of differentially expressed genes between normal mice and db/db mice consuming a control diet, as well as SNL-fed db/db mice, we identified the 15 SNL-dependent up-regulated genes that were down-regulated in db/db mice but up-regulated by SNL feeding. Gene ontology and pathway analysis on these 15 genes demonstrated a significant association with the metabolisms of arachidonic acid (AA) and linoleic acid (LA). Furthermore, we observed alterations in the expression levels of monoacylglycerol lipase (Magl) and fatty acid-binding protein 4 (Fabp4) in the SNL-fed db/db mice, both of which are implicated in AA and LA metabolism. Additionally, the livers of SNL-fed db/db mice exhibited reduced levels of AA and LA, but a high accumulation of EPA. In conclusion, the SNL diet might affect the metabolisms of AA and LA, which contribute to the improvement of hepatic steatosis. Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of SNL.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 9.12.2023
Tilføjet 9.12.2023
Abstract Background and aims Refugees are at higher risk for hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV), but often face unique healthcare barriers to vaccination, testing, and treatment. This scoping review aimed to identify and characterize HBV and HCV prevention and care services serving refugee populations globally. Methods A literature search was conducted on Embase, Cochrane, and PubMed databases. Research studies published in English between January 2010 to July 2022 describing an HBV or HCV prevention, testing, or treatment intervention for refugees were included. Results There were a total of 69 articles reporting viral hepatitis prevalence, implementation of services, or economic modelling. Of the 38 implementation studies, 14 were stand-alone HBV and/or HCV interventions, while 24 studies included HBV and/or HCV in an intervention targeting multiple infectious diseases and/or parasitic infections. Interventions commonly included a testing (n = 30) or referral (n = 24) component. Frequently reported features to promote program accessibility included bilingual services (n = 25), community partnerships (n = 21), and multidisciplinary staff members (n = 18), such as cultural and/or linguistic mediators, community health workers, community health leaders, lay health workers, local health staff, members of the refugee community, and social workers. The most commonly reported challenge was the transience of refugees (n = 5). Twenty studies noted funding sources, of which twelve reported governmental funding (not including national health insurance) and eight reported that refugees received national health insurance. Conclusions This is the first scoping review to characterize the types of hepatitis prevention, screening, and treatment interventions serving refugee populations globally. Published experiences of HBV and HCV services for refugee populations remain limited. Additional efforts are needed to disseminate models of hepatitis interventions for refugees to ensure access to care for this key population. To achieve hepatitis elimination globally, best practices must be identified and shared to expand access to hepatitis services for refugee populations.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 9.12.2023
Tilføjet 9.12.2023
Abstract Background Aberrant Wnt5a expression contributes to immunity, inflammation and tissue damage. However, it remains unknown whether Wnt5a is associated with liver injury in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We aimed to explore the potential role of Wnt5a expression in liver injury caused by chronic HBV infection. Methods Wnt5a mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were analyzed in 31 acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure (ACHBLF) patients, 82 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, and 20 healthy controls using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Intrahepatic Wnt5a protein expression from 32 chronic HBV infection patients and 6 normal controls was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Results Wnt5a mRNA expression was increased in CHB patients and ACHBLF patients compared to healthy controls and correlated positively with liver injury markers. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between Wnt5a mRNA expression and HBV DNA load in all patients and CHB patients but not in ACHBLF patients. Furthermore, intrahepatic Wnt5a protein expression was elevated in chronic HBV infection patients compared to that in normal controls. Moreover, chronic HBV infection patients with higher hepatic inflammatory grades had increased intrahepatic Wnt5a protein expression compared with lower hepatic inflammatory grades. In addition, the cut-off value of 12.59 for Wnt5a mRNA level was a strong indicator in predicting ACHBLF in CHB patients. Conclusions We found that Wnt5a expression was associated with liver injury in chronic HBV infection patients. Wnt5a might be involved in exacerbation of chronic HBV infection.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedFilip, Iulia
AIDS, 9.12.2023
Tilføjet 9.12.2023
Sam Hogan, Andrew Page, Sameer Dixit, Kate A. McBride
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 9.12.2023
Tilføjet 9.12.2023
by Sam Hogan, Andrew Page, Sameer Dixit, Kate A. McBride Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major source of disease burden worldwide, with an estimated 296 million individuals living with infections worldwide. Although vaccine programs exist to control infections, certain sub-populations around the world continue to have very high prevalence of HBV infection. Methods A systematic search of studies of HBV published after 2010 was conducted for India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Bhutan. Each paper was independently screened for risk of bias and inclusion. Data were extracted from included studies before being analysed to estimate pooled prevalence, and to conduct sub-group analyses. Random-effects models were used for estimating summary prevalence due to a high level of heterogeneity between studies, and funnel plots were combined with Egger’s test to assess publication bias. Meta-regression was conducted to investigate sources of between-study heterogeneity. Results The pooled prevalence of HBV across all studies was 3% (95% CI 0.02, 0.05). For countries with multiple studies, the pooled prevalence in India was 3% (95% CI 0.02, 0.04), in Pakistan 6% (95% CI 0.03, 0.09), in Bangladesh 5% (95% CI of 0.02, 0.12), and in Nepal 1% (95% CI 0.00, 0.08). There was some evidence of publication bias, and a high level of heterogeneity across studies. Risk of bias analysis found most studies to be of fair or moderate quality. Conclusions The prevalence of HBV among countries in the sub-continent was higher than the global average, but was not as high as some other regions. Countries with greater numbers of displaced persons had higher prevalence of HBV, with a wide range of prevalence between subpopulations likely reflecting differential uptake, and implementation, of vaccination programs.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 8.12.2023
Tilføjet 8.12.2023
Abstract Background Aberrant Wnt5a expression contributes to immunity, inflammation and tissue damage. However, it remains unknown whether Wnt5a is associated with liver injury in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We aimed to explore the potential role of Wnt5a expression in liver injury caused by chronic HBV infection. Methods Wnt5a mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were analyzed in 31 acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure (ACHBLF) patients, 82 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, and 20 healthy controls using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Intrahepatic Wnt5a protein expression from 32 chronic HBV infection patients and 6 normal controls was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Results Wnt5a mRNA expression was increased in CHB patients and ACHBLF patients compared to healthy controls and correlated positively with liver injury markers. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between Wnt5a mRNA expression and HBV DNA load in all patients and CHB patients but not in ACHBLF patients. Furthermore, intrahepatic Wnt5a protein expression was elevated in chronic HBV infection patients compared to that in normal controls. Moreover, chronic HBV infection patients with higher hepatic inflammatory grades had increased intrahepatic Wnt5a protein expression compared with lower hepatic inflammatory grades. In addition, the cut-off value of 12.59 for Wnt5a mRNA level was a strong indicator in predicting ACHBLF in CHB patients. Conclusions We found that Wnt5a expression was associated with liver injury in chronic HBV infection patients. Wnt5a might be involved in exacerbation of chronic HBV infection.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedNambusi Kyegombe, Gbolahan Ajibola, Maureen Sakoi-Mosetlhi, Tsholofelo Rebatenne, Motswedi Anderson, Simani Gaseitsiwe, Joseph Makhema, Una Ngwenya, Sikhulile Moyo, Odile Sauzet, Lucy Mupfumi
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 8.12.2023
Tilføjet 8.12.2023
by Nambusi Kyegombe, Gbolahan Ajibola, Maureen Sakoi-Mosetlhi, Tsholofelo Rebatenne, Motswedi Anderson, Simani Gaseitsiwe, Joseph Makhema, Una Ngwenya, Sikhulile Moyo, Odile Sauzet, Lucy Mupfumi
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 3.12.2023
Tilføjet 3.12.2023
Abstract Research has shown that multidimensional approaches to Chagas disease (CD), integrating its biomedical and psycho-socio-cultural components, are successful in enhancing early access to diagnosis, treatment and sustainable follow-up. For the first time, a consulate was selected for a community-based CD detection campaign. Two different strategies were designed, implemented and compared between 2021 and 2022 at the Consulate General of Bolivia and a reference health facility in Barcelona open to all Bolivians in Catalonia. Strategy 1 consisted in CD awareness-raising activities before referring those interested to the reference facility for infectious disease screening. Strategy 2 offered additional in-situ serological CD screening. Most of the 307 participants were Bolivian women residents in Barcelona. In strategy 1, 73 people (35.8% of those who were offered the test) were screened and 19.2% of them were diagnosed with CD. Additionally, 53,4% completed their vaccination schedules and 28.8% were treated for other parasitic infections (strongyloidiasis, giardiasis, eosinophilia, syphilis). In strategy 2, 103 people were screened in-situ (100% of those who were offered the test) and 13.5% received a CD diagnosis. 21,4% completed their vaccination schedule at the reference health facility and 2,9% were referred for iron deficiency anemia, strongyloidiasis or chronic hepatitis C. The fact that the screening took place in an official workplace of representatives of their own country, together with the presence of community-based participants fueled trust and increased CD understanding. Each of the strategies assessed had different benefits. Opportunities for systematic integration for CD based on community action in consulates may enhance early access to diagnosis, care and disease prevention.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 3.12.2023
Tilføjet 3.12.2023
Abstract Background Whether different anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) drugs have different effects on COVID-19 is controversial. We aimed to evaluate the incidence of COVID-19 in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients receiving anti-HBV treatment, and to compare the impact of entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) on the severity of COVID-19. Methods CHB outpatients were enrolled from December 2022 to February 2023. Questionnaires were used to collect whether subjects were currently or previously had COVID-19 within the past 2 months, and the information of symptoms, duration, and severity if infected. Results Six hundred thirty CHB patients were enrolled, 64.3% (405/630) patients were currently or previously had COVID-19. No COVID-19 patient required hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, oxygen support or died. Majority of patients reported mild (32.8% [133/405]) and moderate (48.1% [195/405]) symptoms. After propensity score matching, 400 matched patients were obtained (ETV: 238; TDF: 162), among which the incidences of COVID-19 were comparable between ETV and TDF-treated patients (60.1% [143/238] vs. 64.2% [104/162], p = 0.468). The proportion of patients complicated with any symptom caused by COVID-19 were also similar (ETV vs. TDF: 90.9% [130/143] vs. 91.3% [95/104], p = 1.000). In addition, the severity of overall symptom was comparable between ETV and TDF-treated patients, in terms of proportion of patients complicated with severe symptom (9.8% vs. 8.7%, p = 0.989), symptom duration (4.3 vs. 4.3 days, p = 0.927), and symptom severity score (4.1 vs. 4.0, p = 0.758). Subgroup analysis supported these results. Conclusions During the current pandemic, the vast majority of CHB patients experienced non-severe COVID-19, and ETV and TDF did not affect COVID-19 severity differently.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 2.12.2023
Tilføjet 2.12.2023
Abstract Research has shown that multidimensional approaches to Chagas disease (CD), integrating its biomedical and psycho-socio-cultural components, are successful in enhancing early access to diagnosis, treatment and sustainable follow-up. For the first time, a consulate was selected for a community-based CD detection campaign. Two different strategies were designed, implemented and compared between 2021 and 2022 at the Consulate General of Bolivia and a reference health facility in Barcelona open to all Bolivians in Catalonia. Strategy 1 consisted in CD awareness-raising activities before referring those interested to the reference facility for infectious disease screening. Strategy 2 offered additional in-situ serological CD screening. Most of the 307 participants were Bolivian women residents in Barcelona. In strategy 1, 73 people (35.8% of those who were offered the test) were screened and 19.2% of them were diagnosed with CD. Additionally, 53,4% completed their vaccination schedules and 28.8% were treated for other parasitic infections (strongyloidiasis, giardiasis, eosinophilia, syphilis). In strategy 2, 103 people were screened in-situ (100% of those who were offered the test) and 13.5% received a CD diagnosis. 21,4% completed their vaccination schedule at the reference health facility and 2,9% were referred for iron deficiency anemia, strongyloidiasis or chronic hepatitis C. The fact that the screening took place in an official workplace of representatives of their own country, together with the presence of community-based participants fueled trust and increased CD understanding. Each of the strategies assessed had different benefits. Opportunities for systematic integration for CD based on community action in consulates may enhance early access to diagnosis, care and disease prevention.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 2.12.2023
Tilføjet 2.12.2023
Abstract Research has shown that multidimensional approaches to Chagas disease (CD), integrating its biomedical and psycho-socio-cultural components, are successful in enhancing early access to diagnosis, treatment and sustainable follow-up. For the first time, a consulate was selected for a community-based CD detection campaign. Two different strategies were designed, implemented and compared between 2021 and 2022 at the Consulate General of Bolivia and a reference health facility in Barcelona open to all Bolivians in Catalonia. Strategy 1 consisted in CD awareness-raising activities before referring those interested to the reference facility for infectious disease screening. Strategy 2 offered additional in-situ serological CD screening. Most of the 307 participants were Bolivian women residents in Barcelona. In strategy 1, 73 people (35.8% of those who were offered the test) were screened and 19.2% of them were diagnosed with CD. Additionally, 53,4% completed their vaccination schedules and 28.8% were treated for other parasitic infections (strongyloidiasis, giardiasis, eosinophilia, syphilis). In strategy 2, 103 people were screened in-situ (100% of those who were offered the test) and 13.5% received a CD diagnosis. 21,4% completed their vaccination schedule at the reference health facility and 2,9% were referred for iron deficiency anemia, strongyloidiasis or chronic hepatitis C. The fact that the screening took place in an official workplace of representatives of their own country, together with the presence of community-based participants fueled trust and increased CD understanding. Each of the strategies assessed had different benefits. Opportunities for systematic integration for CD based on community action in consulates may enhance early access to diagnosis, care and disease prevention.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 1.12.2023
Tilføjet 1.12.2023
Abstract Background Whether different anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) drugs have different effects on COVID-19 is controversial. We aimed to evaluate the incidence of COVID-19 in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients receiving anti-HBV treatment, and to compare the impact of entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) on the severity of COVID-19. Methods CHB outpatients were enrolled from December 2022 to February 2023. Questionnaires were used to collect whether subjects were currently or previously had COVID-19 within the past 2 months, and the information of symptoms, duration, and severity if infected. Results Six hundred thirty CHB patients were enrolled, 64.3% (405/630) patients were currently or previously had COVID-19. No COVID-19 patient required hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, oxygen support or died. Majority of patients reported mild (32.8% [133/405]) and moderate (48.1% [195/405]) symptoms. After propensity score matching, 400 matched patients were obtained (ETV: 238; TDF: 162), among which the incidences of COVID-19 were comparable between ETV and TDF-treated patients (60.1% [143/238] vs. 64.2% [104/162], p = 0.468). The proportion of patients complicated with any symptom caused by COVID-19 were also similar (ETV vs. TDF: 90.9% [130/143] vs. 91.3% [95/104], p = 1.000). In addition, the severity of overall symptom was comparable between ETV and TDF-treated patients, in terms of proportion of patients complicated with severe symptom (9.8% vs. 8.7%, p = 0.989), symptom duration (4.3 vs. 4.3 days, p = 0.927), and symptom severity score (4.1 vs. 4.0, p = 0.758). Subgroup analysis supported these results. Conclusions During the current pandemic, the vast majority of CHB patients experienced non-severe COVID-19, and ETV and TDF did not affect COVID-19 severity differently.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedTamara Prinsenberg, Joël Illidge, Paul Zantkuijl, Maarten Bedert, Maria Prins, Marc van de r Valk, Udi Davidovich
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 30.11.2023
Tilføjet 30.11.2023
by Tamara Prinsenberg, Joël Illidge, Paul Zantkuijl, Maarten Bedert, Maria Prins, Marc van de r Valk, Udi Davidovich
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedYuchen XiaXiaoming ChengTobias NilssonMin ZhangGaihong ZhaoTadashi InuzukaYan TengYao LiD. Eric AndersonMeghan HoldorfT. Jake LiangaLiver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892bState Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Institute of Medical Virology, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, ChinacDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Emeryville, CA 94608dAdvanced Mass Spectrometry Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 120, Issue 49, December 2023.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedChao Wang, Sihui Zhang, Jun Zhao, Mingting Wang, Qing‐Bin Lu, Bei Liu, Juan Du, Fuqiang Cui
Journal of Medical Virology, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
Chuan K. Lim, Ornella Romeo, Bang M. Tran, Dustin J. Flanagan, Emily N. Kirby, Erin M. McCartney, Edmund Tse, Elizabeth Vincan, Michael R. Beard
Journal of Medical Virology, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 26.11.2023
Tilføjet 26.11.2023
AbstractBackgroundLong-term outcomes of tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HBV/HIV coinfection were evaluated in Zambia.MethodsA prospective cohort of adults with HIV and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positivity was enrolled at ART (included tenofovir DF + lamivudine) initiation. On therapy, we ascertained HBV viral load (VL) non-suppression, ALT elevation, serologic end-points, progression of liver fibrosis, based on elastography, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence. We also described a subgroup (low HBV VL and no/minimal fibrosis at baseline) that, under current international guidelines, would not have been treated in the absence of their HIV infection.ResultsAmong 289 participants, at ART start, median age was 34 years, 40·1% were women, median CD4 count was 191 cells/mm3, 44·2% were hepatitis B e antigen-positive, and 28·4% had liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. Over median 5.91 years of ART, 13·6% developed HBV viral non-suppression, which was associated with advanced HIV disease. ALT elevation on ART was linked with HBV VL non-suppression. Regression of fibrosis and cirrhosis were common, progression to cirrhosis was absent, and no cases of HCC were ascertained. HBsAg seroclearance was 9·4% at 2 and 15·4% at 5 years, with higher rates among patients with low baseline HBV replication markers.DiscussionReassuring long-term liver outcomes were ascertained during tenofovir-based ART for HBV/HIV coinfection in Zambia. Higher than expected HBsAg seroclearance during ART underscores the need to include people with HIV in HBV cure research.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMed