47 ud af 47 tidsskrifter valgt, søgeord (covid-19) valgt, emner højest 180 dage gamle, sorteret efter nyeste først.
1076 emner vises.
1051
Heavy-tailed distributions of confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths in spatiotemporal space
Peng Liu, Yanyan Zheng
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
by Peng Liu, Yanyan Zheng This paper conducts a systematic statistical analysis of the characteristics of the geographical empirical distributions for the numbers of both cumulative and daily confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths at county, city, and state levels over a time span from January 2020 to June 2022. The mathematical heavy-tailed distributions can be used for fitting the empirical distributions observed in different temporal stages and geographical scales. The estimations of the shape parameter of the tail distributions using the Generalized Pareto Distribution also support the observations of the heavy-tailed distributions. According to the characteristics of the heavy-tailed distributions, the evolution course of the geographical empirical distributions can be divided into three distinct phases, namely the power-law phase, the lognormal phase I, and the lognormal phase II. These three phases could serve as an indicator of the severity degree of the COVID-19 pandemic within an area. The empirical results suggest important intrinsic dynamics of a human infectious virus spread in the human interconnected physical complex network. The findings extend previous empirical studies and could provide more strict constraints for current mathematical and physical modeling studies, such as the SIR model and its variants based on the theory of complex networks.
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1052
A cohort study on the biochemical and haematological parameters of Italian blood donors as possible risk factors of COVID-19 infection and severe disease in the pre- and post-Omicron period
Chiara Marraccini, Lucia Merolle, Davide Schiroli, Agnese Razzoli, Gaia Gavioli, Barbara Iotti, Roberto Baricchi, Marta Ottone, Pamela Mancuso, Paolo Giorgi Rossi
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
by Chiara Marraccini, Lucia Merolle, Davide Schiroli, Agnese Razzoli, Gaia Gavioli, Barbara Iotti, Roberto Baricchi, Marta Ottone, Pamela Mancuso, Paolo Giorgi Rossi To investigate the association between biochemical and blood parameters collected before the pandemic in a large cohort of Italian blood donors with the risk of infection and severe disease. We also focused on the differences between the pre- and post-Omicron spread in Italy (i.e., pre- and post-January 01, 2022) on the observed associations. We conducted an observational cohort study on 13750 blood donors was conducted using data archived up to 5 years before the pandemic. A t-test or chi-squared test was used to compare differences between groups. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Subgroup analyses stratified by sex, age and epidemic phase of first infection (pre- and post-Omicron spread) were examined. We confirmed a protective effect of groups B and O, while groups A and AB had a higher likelihood of infection and severe disease. However, these associations were only significant in the pre-Omicron period. We found an opposite behavior after Omicron spread, with the O phenotype having a higher probability of infection. When stratified by variant, A antigen appeared to protect against Omicron infection, whereas it was associated with an increased risk of infection by earlier variants. We were able to stratify for the SARS CoV-2 dominant variant, which revealed a causal association between blood group and probability of infection, as evidenced by the strong effect modification observed between the pre- and post-Omicron spread. The mechanism by which group A acts on the probability of infection should consider this strong effect modification.
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1053
The CLoCk study: A retrospective exploration of loneliness in children and young people during the COVID-19 pandemic, in England
Kelsey McOwat, Snehal M. Pinto Pereira, Manjula D. Nugawela, Shamez N. Ladhani, Fiona Newlands, Terence Stephenson, Ruth Simmons, Malcolm G. Semple, Terry Segal, Marta Buszewicz, Isobel Heyman, Trudie Chalder, Tamsin Ford, Emma Dalrymple, Consortium, Roz Shafran
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
by Kelsey McOwat, Snehal M. Pinto Pereira, Manjula D. Nugawela, Shamez N. Ladhani, Fiona Newlands, Terence Stephenson, Ruth Simmons, Malcolm G. Semple, Terry Segal, Marta Buszewicz, Isobel Heyman, Trudie Chalder, Tamsin Ford, Emma Dalrymple, Consortium , Roz Shafran Background During the COVID-19 pandemic children and young people (CYP) were socially restricted during a stage of life crucial to development, potentially putting an already vulnerable population at higher risk of loneliness, social isolation, and poorer wellbeing. The objectives of this study are to conduct an exploratory analysis into loneliness before and during the pandemic, and determine which self-reported factors are associated with loneliness. Methods and findings Participants from The Children with Long COVID (CLoCk) national study were invited to take part via an online survey, with a total of 31,017 participants taking part, 31,016 of which reported on their experience of loneliness. Participants retrospectively answered questions on demographics, lifestyle, physical health and mental health and loneliness before the pandemic and at the time of answering the survey. Before the pandemic 6.5% (2,006/31,016) of participants reported experiencing loneliness “Often/Always” and at the time of survey completion 17.4% (5,395/31,016) reported feeling lonelier. There was an association between meeting the research definition of long COVID and loneliness [3.49 OR, 95%CI 3.28–3.72]. CYP who reported feeling lonelier at the time of the survey than before the pandemic were assigned female at birth, older CYP, those from Black/African/Caribbean/Black British or other ethnicity groups, those that had 3–4 siblings and lived in more deprived areas. Conclusions We demonstrate associations between multiple factors and experiences of loneliness during the pandemic. There is a need for a multi-faceted integrated approach when developing interventions targeted at loneliness. It is important to follow up the CYP involved at regular intervals to investigate the progression of their experience of loneliness over time.
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1054
Long COVID Linked With Viral Persistence, Serotonin Decline
Journal of the American Medical Association, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
A study linking viral infection with reduced levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in learning, memory, and mood, has proposed a new potential mechanism underlying post–COVID-19 condition. Also known as long COVID, the condition involves symptoms such as fatigue, memory loss, and cognitive impairment.
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1055
Audit Finds US National Stockpile “Was Not Equipped” for the Pandemic
Journal of the American Medical Association, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
Although the US Strategic National Stockpile—a collection of medications, medical devices, and vaccines, among other tools—distributed supplies such as personal protective equipment within the first 3 months of 2020, its ability to respond effectively to the COVID-19 pandemic fell short due to internal and external factors, according to an audit conducted by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Office of Inspector General. Due to these factors, “the Stockpile could not meet demand and was not equipped to handle the COVID-19 pandemic,” the investigators concluded.
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1056
HRSA Study: US Abortions Decreased 14% During COVID-19
Journal of the American Medical Association, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
Although the rates of medical abortions were similar before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the rate of procedural abortions fell by 31%, according to commercial insurance reimbursement data from about 17 500 abortions. The study was funded by the federal Health Resources and Services Administration.
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1057
Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 pandemic-related home confinement on the refractive error of school-aged children in Germany: a cross-sectional study based on data from 414 eye care professional centres
Sanz Diez, P., Ohlendorf, A., Barraza-Bernal, M. J., Kratzer, T., Wahl, S.
BMJ Open, 21.11.2023
Tilføjet 21.11.2023
ObjectiveThis study aimed at evaluating refractive changes in German school-aged children before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. DesignCross-sectional study. Setting414 eye care professional centres from Germany. ParticipantsRefractive data from 59 926 German children aged 6–15 years were examined over a 7-year period (2015–2021). Primary and secondary outcome measuresSpherical equivalent refraction was assessed as a function of year, age and gender. The refractive values concerning 2020 and 2021 were compared with those assigned to prior years (2015–2019). ResultsThe refractive data associated with 2020 and 2021 showed a myopic refractive shift of approximately –0.20D compared with the 2015–2019 range. The refractive change was statistically considerable in the 6 to 11-year range (p
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1058
Working conditions of the clinical health workforce in the public health facilities in Bangladesh
Syed Abdul Hamid, Md. Ragaul Azim, Md. Mahfujur Rahman, Md. Sirajul Islam
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 21.11.2023
Tilføjet 21.11.2023
by Syed Abdul Hamid, Md. Ragaul Azim, Md. Mahfujur Rahman, Md. Sirajul Islam Background The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of a well-equipped and supported healthcare workforce, and Bangladesh still faces challenges in providing adequate and well-equipped healthcare services. Therefore, the study aims to assess the level of working conditions of the clinical health workers in Bangladesh and their relative importance in delivering quality healthcare services. Methods The study followed a cross-sectional study design and collected primary data adopting a quantitative method. A total of 319 clinical workforces from four districts and eight sub-districts were randomly selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. A 26-component questionnaire used to assess various components of working conditions. Descriptive statistics, and bivariate analysis were used to analyze the data. Results The study found that the working conditions of clinical health workers in primary and secondary healthcare facilities in Bangladesh were quite poor (3.40), with almost two-thirds of respondents showing negative views in 23 out of 26 indicators. The results also showed that working conditions were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher in primary compared to secondary level facilities. Moreover, men, younger workforce, and workforce with shorter length of service were more likely to report poor working conditions than their counterparts. Lastly, receiving monthly salary in due time was top-ranked (99.15) in terms of importance for delivering quality healthcare, followed by availability of medicines (98.04), and medical and surgical requisites (97.57), and adequate mentoring and support to perform duties (97.50). Conclusion The study highlights the poor working conditions of clinical health workers in public health facilities in Bangladesh. It recommends that policymakers should prioritize improving working conditions by addressing the factors that are crucial for delivering quality healthcare. Improving working conditions will have a positive impact on the retention and motivation of workers, which will ultimately lead to better health outcomes for the population.
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1059
Patient experiences with SARS-CoV-2: Associations between patient experience of disease and coping profiles
Kathryn W. Hendrickson, Ramona O. Hopkins, Danielle L. Groat, Stephanie C. Stokes, Fiona M. Schroeder, Jorie M. Butler, Eliotte L. Hirshberg
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 21.11.2023
Tilføjet 21.11.2023
by Kathryn W. Hendrickson, Ramona O. Hopkins, Danielle L. Groat, Stephanie C. Stokes, Fiona M. Schroeder, Jorie M. Butler, Eliotte L. Hirshberg Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, (SARS-CoV-2,) caused an influx of patients with acute disease characterized by a variety of symptoms termed COVID-19 disease, with some patients going on to develop post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. Individual factors like sex or coping styles are associated with a person’s disease experience and quality of life. Individual differences in coping styles used to manage COVID-19 related stress correlate with physical and mental health outcomes. Our study sought to understand the relationship between COVID-19 symptoms, severity of acute disease, and coping profiles. Methods An online survey to assess symptoms, functional status, and recovery in a large group of patients was nationally distributed online. The survey asked about symptoms, course of illness, and included the Brief-COPE and the adapted Social Relationship Inventory. We used descriptive and cluster analyses to characterize patterns of survey responses. Results 976 patients were included in the analysis. The most common symptoms reported by the patients were fatigue (72%), cough (71%), body aches/joint pain (66%), headache (62%), and fever/chills (62%). 284 participants reported PACS. We described three different coping profiles: outward, inward, and dynamic copers. Discussion Fatigue, cough, and body aches/joint pains were the most frequently reported symptoms. PACS patients were sicker, more likely to have been hospitalized. Of the three coping profiles, outward copers were more likely to be admitted to the hospital and had the healthiest coping strategies. Dynamic copers activated several coping strategies both positive and negative; they were also younger and more likely to report PACS. Conclusion Cough, fatigue, and body aches/joint pain are common and most important to patients with acute COVID-19, while shortness of breath defined the experience for patients with PACS. Of the three coping profiles, dynamic copers were more likely to report PACS. Additional investigations into coping profiles in general, and the experience of COVID-19 and PACS is needed.
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1060
Intervention and information effects at the individual level during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan
Mateus Silva Chang, Isamu Yamamoto
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 21.11.2023
Tilføjet 21.11.2023
by Mateus Silva Chang, Isamu Yamamoto This paper estimated the impact of intervention effects (state of emergency (SOE) or quasi-SOE requirements) and information effects (publicized increases in the number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths and fear of infection) on preventive behaviors and telecommuting during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Japan Household Panel Survey. Our results indicated that SOEs and quasi-SOEs had positive effects on the adoption of preventive behaviors among individuals, including handwashing, which indicates that an SOE has a direct effect and an indirect effect. Although SOEs in Japan were less enforceable and more lenient than those in other countries, they still had a certain effect on people’s adoption of preventive behaviors. However, the contribution of information effects was much larger than that of intervention effects, suggesting the importance of how and when information should be communicated to the public to prevent the spread of infection.
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1061
Digital health solutions and integrated COVID-19 and TB services to help recover TB care and prevention services in the COVID-19 pandemic: A descriptive study in four high TB burden countries
Ineke Spruijt, Yalda Alam, Huong Nguyen, Bakyt Myrzaliev, Muratbek Ahmatov, Bethrand Odume, Lillian Mtei, Agnes Gebhard, Mustapha Gidado, Degu Jerene
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 21.11.2023
Tilføjet 21.11.2023
by Ineke Spruijt, Yalda Alam, Huong Nguyen, Bakyt Myrzaliev, Muratbek Ahmatov, Bethrand Odume, Lillian Mtei, Agnes Gebhard, Mustapha Gidado, Degu Jerene Background The measures undertaken to control COVID-19 have disrupted many platforms including tuberculosis (TB) healthcare services. Consequently, declines in TB notifications have been observed in various countries. We visualized changes over time in TB and SARS-CoV-2 infection notifications and reported on country-specific strategies to retain TB care and prevention services in Kyrgyzstan, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Vietnam. Methods We collected and visualized quarterly, retrospective, and country-specific data (Quarter (Q) 1 2018- Q1 2021) on SARS-CoV-2 infection and TB notifications. Additionally, we conducted a country-specific landscape assessment on COVID-19 measures, including lockdowns, operational level strategy of TB care and prevention services, and strategies employed to recover and retain those services. We used negative binomial regression models to assess the association between the installation of COVID-19 measures and changes in TB notifications. Results TB notifications declined in Kyrgyzstan and Vietnam, and (slightly) increased in Nigeria and Tanzania. The changes in TB notifications were associated with the installation of various COVID-19 prevention measures for Kyrgyzstan and Vietnam (declines) and Nigeria (increases). All countries reported reduced TB screening and testing activities. Countries reported the following strategies to retain TB prevention and care services: digital solutions for treatment adherence support, capacity building, and monitor & evaluation activities; adjustment in medication supply/delivery & quantity, including home delivery, pick up points, and month supply; integrated TB/COVID-19 screening & diagnostic platform; and the use of community health care workers. Conclusion Following the COVID-19 pandemic, we did not observe consistent changes in TB notifications across countries. However, all countries reported lower operating levels of TB prevention and care services. Digital health solutions, community-based interventions, and the integration of COVID-19 and TB testing services were employed to recover and retain those services.
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1062
Forecast of peak infection and estimate of excess deaths in COVID-19 transmission and prevalence in Taiyuan City, 2022 to 2023
Infectious Disease Modelling, 19.11.2023
Tilføjet 19.11.2023
Publication date: Available online 18 November 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Jia-Lin Wang, Xin-Long Xiao, Fen-Fen Zhang, Xin Pei, Ming-Tao Li, Ju-Ping Zhang, Juan Zhang, Gui-Quan Sun
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1063
The importance of increasing primary vaccinations against COVID-19 in Europe
Infectious Disease Modelling, 17.11.2023
Tilføjet 17.11.2023
Publication date: Available online 17 November 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Eugenio Valdano
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1064
Modeling vaccination strategies with limited early COVID-19 vaccine access in low- and middle-income countries: A case study of Thailand
Infectious Disease Modelling, 16.11.2023
Tilføjet 16.11.2023
Publication date: Available online 15 November 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Suparinthon Anupong, Tanakorn Chantanasaro, Chaiwat Wilasang, Natcha C. Jitsuk, Chayanin Sararat, Kan Sornbundit, Busara Pattanasiri, Dhammika Leshan Wannigama, Mohan Amarasiri, Sudarat Chadsuthi, Charin Modchang
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1065
An agent-based model with antibody dynamics information in COVID-19 epidemic simulation
Infectious Disease Modelling, 10.11.2023
Tilføjet 10.11.2023
Publication date: Available online 10 November 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Zhaobin Xu, Jian Song, Weidong Liu, Dongqing Wei
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1066
Wastewater surveillance provides 10-days forecasting of COVID-19 hospitalizations superior to cases and test positivity: A prediction study
Infectious Disease Modelling, 1.11.2023
Tilføjet 1.11.2023
Publication date: Available online 31 October 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Dustin T. Hill, Mohammed A. Alazawi, E. Joe Moran, Lydia J. Bennett, Ian Bradley, Mary B. Collins, Christopher J. Gobler, Hyatt Green, Tabassum Z. Insaf, Brittany Kmush, Dana Neigel, Shailla Raymond, Mian Wang, Yinyin Ye, David A. Larsen
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1067
COVID-19 transmission driven by age-group mathematical model in Shijiazhuang City of China
Infectious Disease Modelling, 18.08.2023
Tilføjet 18.08.2023
Publication date: Available online 18 August 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Fengying Wei, Ruiyang Zhou, Zhen Jin, Senzhong Huang, Zhihang Peng, Jinjie Wang, Ximing Xu, Xinyan Zhang, Jun Xu, Yao Bai, Xiaoli Wang, Bulai Lu, Zhaojun Wang, Jianguo Xu
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1068
Hypothesis testing of Poisson rates in COVID-19 offspring distributions
Infectious Disease Modelling, 9.08.2023
Tilføjet 9.08.2023
Publication date: Available online 9 August 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Rui Luo
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1069
Expression of the readthrough transcript CiDRE in alveolar macrophages boosts SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and promotes COVID-19 severity
Immunity, 13.07.2023
Tilføjet 13.07.2023
Publication date: Available online 12 July 2023 Source: Immunity Author(s): Yuichi Mitsui, Tatsuya Suzuki, Kanako Kuniyoshi, Jun Inamo, Kensuke Yamaguchi, Mariko Komuro, Junya Watanabe, Mio Edamoto, Songling Li, Tsukasa Kouno, Seiya Oba, Tadashi Hosoya, Kentaro Masuhiro, Yujiro Naito, Shohei Koyama, Nobuo Sakaguchi, Daron M. Standley, Jay W. Shin, Shizuo Akira, Shinsuke Yasuda
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1070
The effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 outcomes: A heterogeneous age-related generalisation of the SEIR model
Infectious Disease Modelling, 23.06.2023
Tilføjet 23.06.2023
Publication date: Available online 22 June 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Jorge M. Mendes, Pedro S. Coelho
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1071
An exploration of the relationship between wastewater viral signals and COVID-19 hospitalizations in Ottawa, Canada
Infectious Disease Modelling, 8.06.2023
Tilføjet 8.06.2023
Publication date: Available online 7 June 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): K. Ken Peng, Elizabeth M. Renouf, Charmaine B. Dean, X. Joan Hu, Robert Delatolla, Douglas G. Manuel
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1072
Simulation of optimal dose regimens of photoactivated curcumin for antimicrobial resistance pneumonia in COVID-19 patients: A modeling approach
Infectious Disease Modelling, 5.06.2023
Tilføjet 5.06.2023
Publication date: Available online 4 June 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Teerachat Sae-heng, Kesara Na-Bangchang
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1073
Co-dynamics of COVID-19 and TB with COVID-19 vaccination and exogenous reinfection for TB: An optimal control application
Infectious Disease Modelling, 31.05.2023
Tilføjet 31.05.2023
Publication date: Available online 31 May 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Zenebe Shiferaw Kifle, Legesse Lemecha Obsu
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1074
The lockdown and vaccination distribution in Thailand's COVID-19 epidemic: A model study
Infectious Disease Modelling, 29.05.2023
Tilføjet 29.05.2023
Publication date: Available online 28 May 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Sittisede Polwiang
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1075
The relationship between controllability, optimal testing resource allocation, and incubation-latent period mismatch as revealed by COVID-19
Infectious Disease Modelling, 17.05.2023
Tilføjet 17.05.2023
Publication date: Available online 16 May 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Jeffery Demers, William F. Fagan, Sriya Potluri, Justin M. Calabrese
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1076
Immunological imprinting: Understanding COVID-19
Immunity, 19.04.2023
Tilføjet 19.04.2023
Publication date: Available online 19 April 2023 Source: Immunity Author(s): Marios Koutsakos, Ali H. Ellebedy
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