Søgeord (pep) valgt.
7 emner vises.
1
Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment Update - U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, 36 Countries, 2016-2023
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 21.03.2024
Tilføjet 21.03.2024
This report describes trends in the initiation and completion of preventive treatment for tuberculosis in people with HIV through PEPFAR-supported programs.
Læs mere
2
Doxy-PEP Cut STIs in San Francisco in Half
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 6.03.2024
Tilføjet 6.03.2024
Postexposure prophylaxis with doxycycline reduced some sexually transmitted infection rates in half in certain populations but concerns about antibiotic resistance remain. Medscape Medical News
Læs mere
3
Stopping HIV and STIs in a New Era of Care
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 22.07.2023
Tilføjet 22.07.2023
Is it time to add the antibiotic doxycycline post exposure for more STIs? Doxy-PEP use is a clinical controversy that will be debated at the upcoming International AIDS Society Conference. Medscape Medical News
Læs mere
4
Post-exposure vaccine effectiveness and contact management in the mpox outbreak, Madrid, Spain, May to August 2022
Laura Montero Morales, José Francisco Barbas del Buey, Marcos Alonso García, Noelia Cenamor Largo, Alba Nieto Juliá, María C Vázquez Torres, Susana Jiménez Bueno, Andrés Aragón Peña, Elisa Gil Montalbán, Jesús Íñigo Martínez, María Alonso Colón, Araceli Arce Arnáez and on behalf of Madrid Surveillance Network and Vaccination Centre of Madrid Region
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 16.06.2023
Tilføjet 16.06.2023
BackgroundAppropriate vaccination strategies have been key to controlling the outbreak of mpox outside endemic areas in 2022, yet few studies have provided information on mpox vaccine effectiveness (VE). AimTo assess VE after one dose of a third-generation smallpox vaccine against mpox when given as post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) within 14 days. MethodsA survival analysis in a prospective cohort of close contacts of laboratory-confirmed mpox cases was conducted from the beginning of the outbreak in the region of Madrid in May 2022. The study included contacts of cases in this region diagnosed between 17 May and 15 August 2022. Follow up was up to 49 days. A multivariate proportional hazard model was used to evaluate VE in the presence of confounding and interaction. ResultsInformation was obtained from 484 close contacts, of which 230 were vaccinated within 14 days of exposure. Of the close contacts, 57 became ill during follow-up, eight vaccinated and 49 unvaccinated. The adjusted effectiveness of the vaccine was 88.8% (95% CI: 76.0–94.7). Among sexual contacts, VE was 93.6% (95% CI: 72.1–98.5) for non-cohabitants and 88.6% (95% CI: 66.1–96.2) for cohabitants. ConclusionPost-exposure prophylaxis of close contacts of mpox cases is an effective measure that can contribute to reducing the number of cases and eventually the symptoms of breakthrough infections. The continued use of PEP together with pre-exposure prophylaxis by vaccination and other population-targeted prevention measures are key factors in controlling an mpox outbreak.
Læs mere
5
A large travel-associated outbreak of iatrogenic botulism in four European countries following intragastric botulinum neurotoxin injections for weight reduction, Türkiye, February to March 2023
Martin Bernhard Dorner, Hendrik Wilking, Martin Skiba, Laura Wilk, Maximilian Steinberg, Sylvia Worbs, Sabahat Çeken, Sedat Kaygusuz, Stéphanie Simon, François Becher, Agata Mikolajewska, Christian Kornschober, Timo Bütler, Nathalie Jourdan-Da-Silva, Maria an der Heiden, Lars Schaade, Klaus Stark, Brigitte Gertrud Dorner and Christina Frank
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 9.06.2023
Tilføjet 9.06.2023
In March 2023, 34 associated cases of iatrogenic botulism were detected in Germany (30 cases), Switzerland (two cases), Austria (one case), and France (one case). An alert was rapidly disseminated via European Union networks and communication platforms (Food- and Waterborne Diseases and Zoonoses Network, EpiPulse, Early Warning and Response System) and the International Health Regulation mechanism; the outbreak was investigated in a European collaboration. We traced sources of the botulism outbreak to treatment of weight loss in Türkiye, involving intragastric injections of botulinum neurotoxin. Cases were traced using a list of patients who had received this treatment. Laboratory investigations of the first 12 German cases confirmed nine cases. The application of innovative and highly sensitive endopeptidase assays was necessary to detect minute traces of botulinum neurotoxin in patient sera. The botulism notification requirement for physicians was essential to detect this outbreak in Germany. The surveillance case definition of botulism should be revisited and inclusion of cases of iatrogenic botulism should be considered as these cases might lack standard laboratory confirmation yet warrant public health action. Any potential risks associated with the use of botulinum neurotoxins in medical procedures need to be carefully balanced with the expected benefits of the procedure.
Læs mere
6
Antimicrobial resistance monitoring in the Danish swine production by phenotypic methods and metagenomics from 1999 to 2018
Ana Sofia R. Duarte, Ana Rita Marques, Vibe D. Andersen , Helle B. Korsgaard, Hanne Mordhorst, Frederik D. Møller, Thomas N. Petersen, Håkan Vigre, Tine Hald and Frank M. Aarestrup
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 19.05.2023
Tilføjet 19.05.2023
BackgroundIn Denmark, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pigs has been monitored since 1995 by phenotypic approaches using the same indicator bacteria. Emerging methodologies, such as metagenomics, may allow novel surveillance ways. AimThis study aimed to assess the relevance of indicator bacteria (Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis) for AMR surveillance in pigs, and the utility of metagenomics. MethodsWe collated existing data on AMR and antimicrobial use (AMU) from the Danish surveillance programme and performed metagenomics sequencing on caecal samples that had been collected/stored through the programme during 1999–2004 and 2015–2018. We compared phenotypic and metagenomics results regarding AMR, and the correlation of both with AMU. ResultsVia the relative abundance of AMR genes, metagenomics allowed to rank these genes as well as the AMRs they contributed to, by their level of occurrence. Across the two study periods, resistance to aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracycline, and beta-lactams appeared prominent, while resistance to fosfomycin and quinolones appeared low. In 2015–2018 sulfonamide resistance shifted from a low occurrence category to an intermediate one. Resistance to glycopeptides consistently decreased during the entire study period. Outcomes of both phenotypic and metagenomics approaches appeared to positively correlate with AMU. Metagenomics further allowed to identify multiple time-lagged correlations between AMU and AMR, the most evident being that increased macrolide use in sow/piglets or fatteners led to increased macrolide resistance with a lag of 3–6 months. ConclusionWe validated the long-term usefulness of indicator bacteria and showed that metagenomics is a promising approach for AMR surveillance.
Læs mere
7
The Antimicrobial Peptide That Even Pharma Can Love
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 19.05.2023
Tilføjet 19.05.2023
Those antibiotics may kill 99.9% of germs, but what about the 0.1% that gets left behind? MDedge News
Læs mere