Søgeord (guidelines) valgt.
27 emner vises.
1
Health Workers Fear Profits May Trump Safety in New CDC Recs
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 20.03.2024
Tilføjet 20.03.2024
As the agency develops key guidelines on infection control for hospitals, nursing homes, and other healthcare facilities, some workers feared the advice will put money above safety. KFF Health News
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2
Epidemiology of gonorrhoea: systematic review, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions, World Health Organization European Region, 1949 to 2021
Omar Chidiac, Sawsan AlMukdad, Manale Harfouche, Emma Harding-Esch and Laith J Abu-Raddad
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 1.03.2024
Tilføjet 1.03.2024
BackgroundEpidemiology of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infection remains inadequately understood. AimWe aimed to characterise NG epidemiology in Europe. MethodsWe used Cochrane and PRISMA guidelines to systematically review, report, synthesise and analyse NG prevalence data from 1949 to 30 September 2021. Random-effects meta-analyses estimated pooled prevalence. Meta-regression analyses investigated associations and sources of heterogeneity. ResultsThe 844 included publications yielded 1,573 prevalence measures. Pooled prevalence of current urogenital infection was 1.0% (95% CI: 0.7–1.2%) among general populations, 3.2% (95% CI: 1.8–4.8%) among female sex workers, 4.9% (95% CI: 4.2–5.6%) among sexually transmitted infection clinic attendees and 12.1% (95% CI: 8.8–15.8%) among symptomatic men. Among men who have sex with men, pooled prevalence was 0.9% (95% CI: 0.5–1.4%), 5.6% (95% CI: 3.6–8.1%), and 3.8% (95% CI: 2.5–5.4%), respectively, for current urogenital, anorectal or oropharyngeal infection. Current urogenital, anorectal or oropharyngeal infection was 1.45-fold (95% CI: 1.19–1.77%), 2.75-fold (95% CI: 1.89–4.02%) and 2.64-fold (95% CI: 1.77–3.93%) higher among men than women. Current urogenital infection declined 0.97-fold (95% CI: 0.96–0.98%) yearly, but anorectal and oropharyngeal infection increased (1.02-fold; 95% CI: 1.01–1.04% and 1.02-fold; 95% CI: 1.00–1.04%), respectively. ConclusionsNeisseria gonorrhoeae epidemiology in Europe has distinct and contrasting epidemiologies for vaginal sex transmission in heterosexual sex networks vs anal and oral sex transmission in MSM sexual networks. Increased transmission may facilitate drug-resistant strain emergence. Europe is far from achieving the World Health Organization target of 90% incidence reduction by 2030.
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3
Longer IV Ertapenem Course Beneficial for Recalcitrant HS
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 23.02.2024
Tilføjet 23.02.2024
2019 treatment guidelines published recommended ertapenem as a highly effective third-line therapy limited to a shorter course, as rescue therapy or during surgical planning. MDedge News
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4
Postinfectious Cough: Are Treatments Ever Warranted?
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 15.02.2024
Tilføjet 15.02.2024
Facing limited data and an absence of guidelines, clinicians debate what to do. Medscape Medical News
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5
Rubella Screening in Pregnancy No Longer Recommended in Italy
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 24.01.2024
Tilføjet 24.01.2024
The elimination of the endemic transmission of rubella in Italy prompted a reconsideration of the country’s pregnancy guidelines. Medscape Medical News
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6
Mask Rift Puts Health Workers in Jeopardy Again
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 14.12.2023
Tilføjet 14.12.2023
\'Guidelines that are incomplete, weak, and without scientific basis will greatly undermine CDC’s credibility,\' said a former OSHA director. KFF Health News
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7
RECOMMENDATIONS AND REPORTS: CDC Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Anthrax, 2023
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 14.11.2023
Tilføjet 14.11.2023
This report describes updated guidelines and recommendations for prevention and treatment of anthrax.
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8
Increasing proportions of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing isolates among Escherichia coli from urine and bloodstream infections: results from a nationwide surveillance network, Finland, 2008 to 2019
Heikki Ilmavirta, Jukka Ollgren, Kati Räisänen, Tuure Kinnunen, Antti J Hakanen, Jari Jalava and Outi Lyytikäinen
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 27.10.2023
Tilføjet 27.10.2023
BackgroundEscherichia coli is the leading cause of urinary tract infections (UTI) and bloodstream infections (BSI), and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in E. coli causes concern. AimTo investigate changes in the proportion of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing isolates among E. coli isolated from urine and blood in Finland during 2008–2019. MethodsSusceptibility testing of 1,568,488 urine (90% female, 10% male) and 47,927 blood E. coli isolates (61% female, 39% male) from all Finnish clinical microbiology laboratories during 2008–2019 was performed according to guidelines from the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute during 2008–2010 and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing during 2011–2019. A binomial regression model with log link compared observed trends over time and by age group and sex. ResultsThe annual proportion of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates among E. coli from blood cultures increased from 2.4% (23/966) to 8.6% (190/2,197) among males (average annual increase 7.7%; 95% CI: 4.4–11.0%, p
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9
AHA Updates CPR Guidelines on Cardiac Arrest After Poisoning
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 3.10.2023
Tilføjet 3.10.2023
The AHA update now includes the use of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for patients whose condition is refractory to other treatments. Medscape Medical News
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10
New ESC Guidelines for Infective Endocarditis
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 27.08.2023
Tilføjet 27.08.2023
Endocarditis can present with many different clinical scenarios, so making the diagnosis can be challenging, says a co-chair of newly issued European guidelines for managing this disease. Medscape Medical News
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11
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and reporting practices of public hospital microbiology laboratories in Greece, 2022: A national observational survey and call for action
Sofia Karagiannidou, Ioannis Kopsidas, Michalis Polemis, Kyriaki Tryfinopoulou and Theoklis Zaoutis
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 25.08.2023
Tilføjet 25.08.2023
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Greece is among the highest across the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA), with high AMR rates even to last-line antibiotics. To better understand the clinical microbiology laboratory practices and capacities in species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) across public healthcare establishments in Greece, we sent a questionnaire to 98 of 128 public hospital microbiology laboratories between 1 February and 1 April 2022. Of the 73.5% (72/98) that responded, 51.4% (37/72) reported using EUCAST guidelines. Two of three laboratories used an automated instrument for species identification and AST for all laboratory samples. Broth microdilution for colistin susceptibility testing was used by 46 of the laboratories, more frequently in larger (> 400 beds) versus smaller (
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12
Impact of intensified prevention measures on rates of hospital-acquired bloodstream infection in medical-surgical intensive care units, Israel, 2011 to 2019
Debby Ben-David, Azza Vaturi, Liat Wulffhart, Elizabeth Temkin, Ester Solter, Yehuda Carmeli, Mitchell J Schwaber and the National HA-BSI Prevention Working Group
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 23.06.2023
Tilføjet 23.06.2023
BackgroundCentral line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is among the most common preventable infectious complications in patients in intensive care units (ICU). In 2011, the Israel National Center for Infection Control initiated a nationwide CLABSI prevention programme. AimTo evaluate the impact of different components of the programme on CLABSI and non-CLABSI rates in medical-surgical ICUs. MethodsWe included data collected from all 29 medical-surgical ICUs in Israel from November 2011 to December 2019. The study period was divided into three phases: I (baseline, initial CLABSI prevention guidelines introduced, initial feedback on rates provided), II (initial guidelines widely implemented, surveillance undertaken, feedback continued) and III (after implementation of additional prevention measures). Interrupted time series analysis was used to compare CLABSI and non-CLABSI rates during the three phases. ResultsThe pooled mean (SD) incidence of CLABSI per 1,000 central line-days dropped from 7.4 (0.38) in phase I to 2.1 (0.13) in phase III (p
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13
Questions and answers on COVID-19
ECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 13.06.2023
Tilføjet 13.06.2023
Find more information on questions related to COVID-19 on infection, symptoms, guidelines, the situation, in the EU, vaccines, travel, and children.
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14
Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 seroassay sensitivity: a systematic review and modelling study
Nana Owusu-Boaitey, Timothy W Russell, Gideon Meyerowitz-Katz, Andrew T Levin and Daniel Herrera-Esposito
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 26.05.2023
Tilføjet 26.05.2023
BackgroundSerological surveys have been the gold standard to estimate numbers of SARS-CoV-2 infections, the dynamics of the epidemic, and disease severity. Serological assays have decaying sensitivity with time that can bias their results, but there is a lack of guidelines to account for this phenomenon for SARS-CoV-2. AimOur goal was to assess the sensitivity decay of seroassays for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infections, the dependence of this decay on assay characteristics, and to provide a simple method to correct for this phenomenon. MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of SARS-CoV-2 serology studies. We included studies testing previously diagnosed, unvaccinated individuals, and excluded studies of cohorts highly unrepresentative of the general population (e.g. hospitalised patients). ResultsOf the 488 screened studies, 76 studies reporting on 50 different seroassays were included in the analysis. Sensitivity decay depended strongly on the antigen and the analytic technique used by the assay, with average sensitivities ranging between 26% and 98% at 6 months after infection, depending on assay characteristics. We found that a third of the included assays departed considerably from manufacturer specifications after 6 months. ConclusionsSeroassay sensitivity decay depends on assay characteristics, and for some types of assays, it can make manufacturer specifications highly unreliable. We provide a tool to correct for this phenomenon and to assess the risk of decay for a given assay. Our analysis can guide the design and interpretation of serosurveys for SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens and quantify systematic biases in the existing serology literature.
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15
Evaluating the effect of targeted strategies as control tools for hypervirulent meningococcal C outbreaks: a case study from Tuscany, Italy, 2015 to 2016
Giorgio Guzzetta, Marco Ajelli, Alessandro Miglietta, Cecilia Fazio, Arianna Neri, Stefano Merler, Giovanni Rezza and Paola Stefanelli
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 12.05.2023
Tilføjet 12.05.2023
BackgroundMeningococcus (Neisseria meningitidis) is the causative bacteria of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD), a major cause of meningitis and sepsis. In 2015–16, an outbreak caused by serogroup C meningococci (MenC), belonging to the hyperinvasive strain ST-11(cc-11), resulted in 62 IMD cases in the region of Tuscany, Italy. AimWe aimed to estimate the key outbreak parameters and assess the impact of interventions used in the outbreak response. MethodsWe developed a susceptible-carrier-susceptible individual-based model of MenC transmission, accounting for transmission in households, schools, discos/clubs and the general community, which was informed by detailed data on the 2015–16 outbreak (derived from epidemiological investigations) and on the implemented control measures. ResultsThe outbreak reproduction number (Re) was 1.35 (95% prediction interval: 1.13–1.47) and the IMD probability was 4.6 for every 1,000 new MenC carriage episodes (95% confidence interval: 1.8–12.2). The interventions, i.e. chemoprophylaxis and vaccination of close contacts of IMD cases as well as age-targeted vaccination, were effective in reducing Re and ending the outbreak. Case-based interventions (including ring vaccination) alone would have been insufficient to achieve outbreak control. The definition of age groups to prioritise vaccination had a critical impact on the effectiveness and efficiency of control measures. ConclusionsOur findings suggest that there are no effective alternatives to widespread reactive vaccination during outbreaks of highly transmissible MenC strains. Age-targeted campaigns can increase the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns. These results can be instrumental to define effective guidelines for the control of future meningococcal outbreaks caused by hypervirulent strains.
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16
Canada Invests in Long COVID Research, Clinical Guidelines
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 17.03.2023
Tilføjet 17.03.2023
The funding will help develop diagnostics, treatments, and rehabilitation strategies. Medscape Medical News
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17
Epidemiology of Herpes Zoster in the pre-vaccination era: establishing the baseline for vaccination programme’s impact in Spain
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 23.02.2023
Tilføjet 24.02.2023
BackgroundHerpes zoster (HZ) affects 1 in 3 persons in their lifetime, and the risk of HZ increases with increasing age and the presence of immunocompromising conditions. In Spain, vaccination guidelines were recently updated to include the recommendation of the new recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) for certain risk groups.AimTo describe the epidemiology of HZ-related hospitalisations in Spain in order to prioritise vaccination recommendations and define a baseline to monitor the effectiveness of vaccination policies.MethodsRetrospective study using the National Health System’s Hospital Discharge Records Database, including all HZ-related hospitalisations from 1998 to 2018.ResultsThe 65,401 HZ-related hospitalisations, corresponded to an annual mean hospitalisation rate of 6.75 per 100,000 population. There was an increasing trend of HZ hospitalisations over the study period. This rate was higher in males and older age groups, particularly over 65 years. Comorbidities with higher risk of readmission were leukaemia/lymphoma (RR 2.4; 95% CI: 2.3–2.6) and solid malignant neoplasm (RR 2.2; 95% CI: 2.1–2.4). Comorbidities associated with higher risk of mortality were leukaemia/lymphoma (RR 2.9; 95% CI: 2.7–3.2), solid malignant neoplasm (RR 2.9; 95% CI: 2.7–3.1) and HIV infection (RR 2.2; 95% CI: 1.8–2.7).ConclusionOf all patients hospitalised with HZ, those with greater risk of mortality or readmission belonged to the groups prioritised by the current vaccination recommendations of the Spanish Ministry of Health. Our study provided relevant information on clinical aspects of HZ and established the base for future assessments of vaccination policies.
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18
PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax: efficacy of delafloxacin treatment
ProMED, 11.02.2023
Tilføjet 11.02.2023
Anthrax -- Abstract--------Objectives: To evaluate the in vitro activity and in vivo efficacy of delafloxacin against _Bacillus anthracis_, the causative agent of anthrax.Methods: MICs were obtained according to CLSI guidelines for 30 virulent isolates and 14 attenuated antibiotic-resistant strains. For the in vivo efficacy study, mice were administered delafloxacin (30-62.5 mg/kg) subcutaneously, or ciprofloxacin (30 mg/kg) intraperitoneally beginning at either 24 or 48+-h post-challenge
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19
Prevalence of Meeting Aerobic, Muscle-Strengthening, and Combined Physical Activity Guidelines During Leisure Time Among Adults, by Rural-Urban Classification and Region - United States, 2020
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 27.01.2023
Tilføjet 27.01.2023
This report describes survey data showing a low proportion of U.S. adults met leisure-time physical activity guidelines.
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20
PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (03): China, guidelines, vacc, immunity, sequelae, WHO
ProMED, 22.01.2023
Tilføjet 22.01.2023
COVID-19 -- ChinaOn 19 Jan 2023, there were 471 739 hospitalized cases of COVID-19 infection in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, with 51 683 severe cases, including 3874 severe cases of COVID-19 infection[s] and 47 809 cases of COVID-19 infections with severe underlying medical conditions. From 13 to 19 Jan 2023, there were a total of 12 658 COVID-19-related deaths in 31 provinces and medical institutions
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21
EASA/ECDC provide guidelines for aviation as part of European response to COVID-19 developments in China
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 12.01.2023
Tilføjet 12.01.2023
Europe has agreed on measures to be applied in aviation in response to the specific localised worsening of the COVID-19 epidemiological situation in China, making recommendations which could potentially also be applied in other geographical regions in similar situations.
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22
Guidelines in response to the worsening of the epidemiological situation - Addendum to the Aviation Health Safety Protocol
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 12.01.2023
Tilføjet 12.01.2023
This document provides operational recommendations regarding the implementation of a set of measures that has been agreed by the Member States in the context of a precautionary approach to potential severe worsening of the COVID-19 epidemiological situation.
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23
PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st. Typhimurium - USA (02): (NE) alfalfa sprouts susp
ProMED, 27.12.2022
Tilføjet 27.12.2022
Salmonella -- United StatesAbstract--------'After a series of outbreaks associated with sprouts in the mid-1990s, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) published guidelines in 1999 for sprouts producers to reduce the risk of contamination. The recommendations included treating seeds with an antimicrobial agent such as calcium hypochlorite solution and testing spent irrigation water for pathogens. From 1998 through 2010, 33 outbreaks from seed and bean sprouts were documented in the USA, affecting 1330 reported
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24
What Length Antibiotic Course for Prostatitis?
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 17.12.2022
Tilføjet 17.12.2022
With recent randomized trials, guidelines for treating urinary tract infections in men can now be based on solid data. Medscape Medical News
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25
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) data Reporting Protocol Version 6.2
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 15.12.2022
Tilføjet 15.12.2022
This Reporting Protocol provides guidelines for data managers in reporting countries on how to prepare data for submission to TESSy, deadlines for reporting, subject-specific information (e.g. new changes to metadata), and links to further information.
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26
Severe Acute Respiratory Infections (SARI) Reporting Protocol Version 3.6
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 15.12.2022
Tilføjet 15.12.2022
This Reporting Protocol provides guidelines for data managers in reporting countries on how to prepare data for submission to TESSy, deadlines for reporting, subject-specific information (e.g. new changes to metadata), and links to further information.
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27
National medical specialty guidelines of HIV indicator conditions in Europe lack adequate HIV testing recommendations: a systematic guideline review
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 1.12.2022
Tilføjet 2.12.2022
BackgroundAdequate identification and testing of people at risk for HIV is fundamental for the HIV care continuum. A key strategy to improve timely testing is HIV indicator condition (IC) guided testing.AimTo evaluate the uptake of HIV testing recommendations in HIV IC-specific guidelines in European countries.MethodsBetween 2019 and 2021, European HIV experts reviewed guideline databases to identify all national guidelines of 62 HIV ICs. The proportion of HIV IC guidelines recommending HIV testing was reported, stratified by subgroup (HIV IC, country, eastern/western Europe, achievement of 90–90–90 goals and medical specialty).ResultsOf 30 invited European countries, 15 participated. A total of 791 HIV IC guidelines were identified: median 47 (IQR: 38–68) per country. Association with HIV was reported in 69% (545/791) of the guidelines, and 46% (366/791) recommended HIV testing, while 42% (101/242) of the AIDS-defining conditions recommended HIV testing. HIV testing recommendations were observed more frequently in guidelines in eastern (53%) than western (42%) European countries and in countries yet to achieve the 90–90–90 goals (52%) compared to those that had (38%). The medical specialties internal medicine, neurology/neurosurgery, ophthalmology, pulmonology and gynaecology/obstetrics had an HIV testing recommendation uptake below the 46% average. None of the 62 HIV ICs, countries or medical specialties had 100% accurate testing recommendation coverage in all their available HIV IC guidelines.ConclusionFewer than half the HIV IC guidelines recommended HIV testing. This signals an insufficient adoption of this recommendation in non-HIV specialty guidelines across Europe.
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