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47 ud af 47 tidsskrifter valgt, søgeord (omicron) valgt, emner højest 180 dage gamle, sorteret efter nyeste først.
182 emner vises.
Shuai XiaLijue WangFanke JiaoXueying YuWei XuZiqi HuangXicheng LiQian WangYun ZhuQiuhong ManShibo JiangLu Lua Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of Chinab Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of Chinac National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
Li GuoQiao ZhangJingchuan ZhongLan ChenWentao JiangTingxuan HuangYanan LiYin ZhangLiuhui XuXinming WangYan XiaoYing WangXiaojing DongTao DongYanchun PengBiao ZhangYan XieHongmei GaoZhongyang ShenLili RenTao ChengJianwei Wanga National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinab Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, People’s Republic of Chinac Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinad Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of Chinae Laboratory of Molecular and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of Chinaf Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of Chinag Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of Chinah Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdomi MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdomj Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People’s Republic of Chinak Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, People’s Republic of Chinal Intensive Care Unit, Emergency Medical Research Institute, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of Chinam NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
Laura CiuffredaJosé M. Lorenzo-SalazarDiego García-Martínez de ArtolaHelena Gil-CampesinoJulia Alcoba-FlorezHéctor Rodríguez-PérezAntonio Íñigo-CamposJosmar Salas-HernándezJulia Rodríguez-NuñezAdrián Muñoz-BarreraAgustín Valenzuela-FernándezOscar Díez-GilRafaela González-MontelongoCarlos Floresa Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N. S. de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spainb Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spainc Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario N. S. de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spaind Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Viral, Unidad de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spaine CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spainf Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
Liwei ZhengShuying LiuFengmin Lua Department of Microbiology & Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinab SL Consulting, Thousand Oaks, CA, USAc Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
Rea BingulaHélène ChabrollesBenjamin BonnetChristine ArchimbaudAmélie BrebionJustine CosmeAmandine OllierFrédéric DutheilMaud JundaAudrey MirandChristel RegagnonMagali VidalCécile HenquellBertrand Evrarda UMR UNH, ECREIN, Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, Franceb Virology Department, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital (CHU Clermont-Ferrand), 3IHP, Clermont-Ferrand, Francec CNRS UMR 6023, LMGE, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, Franced Immunology Department, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital (CHU Clermont Ferrand), Clermont-Ferrand, Francee Clinical Research and Innovation Direction, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital (CHU Clermont-Ferrand) 3 IHP, Clermont-Ferrand, Francef Preventive and Occupational Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital (CHU Clermont-Ferrand), Clermont-Ferrand, Franceg CNRS, LaPSCo Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
Tao LiDeyan LuoNianzhi NingXin WangLiangyan ZhangXiaolan YangDeyu LiYakun SunWenjing YuWenjin WeiHui Wanga State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinab ZHONGYIANKE Biotech Co. LTD, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
Jianyang LiuQian HeFan GaoLianlian BianQian WangChaoqiang AnLifang SongJialu ZhangDong LiuZiyang SongLu LiYu BaiZhongfang WangZhenglun LiangQunying MaoMiao Xua National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinab Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
Minrun DuanHuixin DuanYaling AnTianyi ZhengShengfeng WanHui WangXin ZhaoLianpan DaiKun XuGeorge F. Gaoa School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, People’s Republic of Chinab Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinac Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of Chinad CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinae Beijing Institute of Biological Products Company Limited, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinaf Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 29.12.2023
Tilføjet 29.12.2023
Abstract Background Low-frequency intrahost single-nucleotide variants of SARS-CoV-2 have been recognized as predictive indicators of selection. However, the impact of vaccination on the intrahost evolution of SARS-CoV-2 remains uncertain at present.Methods We investigated the genetic variation of SARS-CoV-2 in individuals who were unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, or fully vaccinated during Shanghai\'s Omicron BA.2.2 wave. We substantiated the connection between particular amino acid substitutions and immune-mediated selection through a pseudovirus neutralization assay or by cross-verification with the human leukocyte antigen–associated T-cell epitopes.Results In contrast to those with immunologic naivety or partial vaccination, participants who were fully vaccinated had intrahost variant spectra characterized by reduced diversity. Nevertheless, the distribution of mutations in the fully vaccinated group was enriched in the spike protein. The distribution of intrahost single-nucleotide variants in individuals who were immunocompetent did not demonstrate notable signs of positive selection, in contrast to the observed adaptation in 2 participants who were immunocompromised who had an extended period of viral shedding.Conclusions In SARS-CoV-2 infections, vaccine-induced immunity was associated with decreased diversity of within-host variant spectra, with milder inflammatory pathophysiology. The enrichment of mutations in the spike protein gene indicates selection pressure exerted by vaccination on the evolution of SARS-CoV-2.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 28.12.2023
Tilføjet 28.12.2023
Abstract Background There is evidence that during the COVID pandemic, a number of patient and HCW infections were nosocomial. Various measures were put in place to try to reduce these infections including developing asymptomatic PCR (polymerase chain reaction) testing schemes for healthcare workers. Regularly testing all healthcare workers requires many tests while reducing this number by only testing some healthcare workers can result in undetected cases. An efficient way to test as many individuals as possible with a limited testing capacity is to consider pooling multiple samples to be analysed with a single test (known as pooled testing). Methods Two different pooled testing schemes for the asymptomatic testing are evaluated using an individual-based model representing the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a ‘typical’ English hospital. We adapt the modelling to reflect two scenarios: a) a retrospective look at earlier SARS-CoV-2 variants under lockdown or social restrictions, and b) transitioning back to ‘normal life’ without lockdown and with the omicron variant. The two pooled testing schemes analysed differ in the population that is eligible for testing. In the ‘ward’ testing scheme only healthcare workers who work on a single ward are eligible and in the ‘full’ testing scheme all healthcare workers are eligible including those that move across wards. Both pooled schemes are compared against the baseline scheme which tests only symptomatic healthcare workers. Results Including a pooled asymptomatic testing scheme is found to have a modest (albeit statistically significant) effect, reducing the total number of nosocomial healthcare worker infections by about 2 (%) in both the lockdown and non-lockdown setting. However, this reduction must be balanced with the increase in cost and healthcare worker isolations. Both ward and full testing reduce HCW infections similarly but the cost for ward testing is much less. We also consider the use of lateral flow devices (LFDs) for follow-up testing. Considering LFDs reduces cost and time but LFDs have a different error profile to PCR tests. Conclusions Whether a PCR-only or PCR and LFD ward testing scheme is chosen depends on the metrics of most interest to policy makers, the virus prevalence and whether there is a lockdown.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedZhongfeng YeSrinivasa Reddy BonamLindsay G. A. McKayJessica A. PlanteJordyn WalkerYu ZhaoChangfeng HuangJinjin ChenChutian XuYamin LiLihan LiuJoseph HarmonShuliang GaoDonghui SongZhibo ZhangKenneth S. PlanteAnthony GriffithsJianzhu ChenHaitao HuQiaobing XuaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155bDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555cNational Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories and Department of Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215dWorld Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555eDepartment of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210fKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 27.12.2023
Tilføjet 27.12.2023
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 120, Issue 52, December 2023.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedXia RaoRunchu ZhaoZhou TongShuxin GuoWeiyu PengKefang LiuShihua LiLili WuJianyu TongYan ChaiPu HanFeiran WangPeng JiaZhaohui LiXin ZhaoDedong LiRong ZhangXue ZhangWeiwei ZouWeiwei LiQihui WangGeorge Fu GaoYan WuLianpan DaiFeng GaoaLaboratory of Protein Engineering and Vaccines, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, ChinabResearch Network of Immunity and Health, Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinacUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinadChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaeInstitute of Physical Science and Information, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, ChinafShanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan 030032, ChinagFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau Special Administrative Region 999078, ChinahInstitute of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, ChinaiSchool of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, ChinajLaboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, ChinakDepartment of Pathogen Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 27.12.2023
Tilføjet 27.12.2023
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 120, Issue 52, December 2023.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBeomki Lee, Jae‐Hoon Ko, Yong Chan Kim, Jin Yang Baek, Yoon Soo Park, Kyoung‐Ho Song, Eu Suk Kim, Kyoung Hwa Lee, Young Goo Song, Jin Young Ahn, Jun Yong Choi, Won Suk Choi, Seongman Bae, Sung‐Han Kim, Hye Won Jeong, Young Jae Lee, Hye‐Jin Kim, Ju‐Yeon Choi, Byoungguk Kim, Shin‐Woo Kim, Ki Tae Kwon, Kyong Ran Peck, Eun‐Suk Kang
Journal of Medical Virology, 24.12.2023
Tilføjet 24.12.2023
Wenbin Liu, Fangchen Gong, Xiangtao Zheng, Lei Pei, Xiaofeng Wang, Song Yang, Shanzhi Zhao, Zhitao Yang, Jingsheng Lin, Feng Jing, Hanbing Shang, Yufang Bi, Dong Wei, Erzhen Chen, Ying Chen
Journal of Medical Virology, 23.12.2023
Tilføjet 23.12.2023
BMC Infectious Diseases, 22.12.2023
Tilføjet 22.12.2023
Abstract Background There is evidence that during the COVID pandemic, a number of patient and HCW infections were nosocomial. Various measures were put in place to try to reduce these infections including developing asymptomatic PCR (polymerase chain reaction) testing schemes for healthcare workers. Regularly testing all healthcare workers requires many tests while reducing this number by only testing some healthcare workers can result in undetected cases. An efficient way to test as many individuals as possible with a limited testing capacity is to consider pooling multiple samples to be analysed with a single test (known as pooled testing). Methods Two different pooled testing schemes for the asymptomatic testing are evaluated using an individual-based model representing the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a ‘typical’ English hospital. We adapt the modelling to reflect two scenarios: a) a retrospective look at earlier SARS-CoV-2 variants under lockdown or social restrictions, and b) transitioning back to ‘normal life’ without lockdown and with the omicron variant. The two pooled testing schemes analysed differ in the population that is eligible for testing. In the ‘ward’ testing scheme only healthcare workers who work on a single ward are eligible and in the ‘full’ testing scheme all healthcare workers are eligible including those that move across wards. Both pooled schemes are compared against the baseline scheme which tests only symptomatic healthcare workers. Results Including a pooled asymptomatic testing scheme is found to have a modest (albeit statistically significant) effect, reducing the total number of nosocomial healthcare worker infections by about 2 (%) in both the lockdown and non-lockdown setting. However, this reduction must be balanced with the increase in cost and healthcare worker isolations. Both ward and full testing reduce HCW infections similarly but the cost for ward testing is much less. We also consider the use of lateral flow devices (LFDs) for follow-up testing. Considering LFDs reduces cost and time but LFDs have a different error profile to PCR tests. Conclusions Whether a PCR-only or PCR and LFD ward testing scheme is chosen depends on the metrics of most interest to policy makers, the virus prevalence and whether there is a lockdown.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLiang En Wee, Jue Tao Lim, An Ting Tay, Deanette Pang, Borame Dickens, Calvin J. Chiew, Benjamin Ong, David Chien Boon Lye, Kelvin Bryan Tan
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 21.12.2023
Tilføjet 21.12.2023
Studies have reported increased rates of long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae post-SARS-CoV-2 infection using electronic-health-record (EHR) data; however, the majority were conducted pre-Omicron and prior to booster rollout. We estimated long-term risk and excess burdens of pre-specified new-incident neuropsychiatric diagnoses after Delta versus Omicron BA.1/2 infection in a highly-vaccinated and boosted cohort of adult Singaporeans.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedRahman, M. O., Kamigaki, T., Thandar, M. M., Haruyama, R., Yan, F., Shibamura-Fujiogi, M., Khin Maung Soe, J., Islam, M. R., Yoneoka, D., Miyahara, R., Ota, E., Suzuki, M.
BMJ Open, 21.12.2023
Tilføjet 21.12.2023
ObjectivesThe rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has raised concerns regarding waning vaccine-induced immunity and durability. We evaluated protection of the third-dose and fourth-dose mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariant and its sublineages. DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis. Data sourcesElectronic databases and other resources (PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, CINAHL PLUS, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, MedRxiv and bioRxiv) were searched until December 2022. Study eligibility criteriaWe included studies that assessed the effectiveness of mRNA vaccine booster doses against SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 outcomes caused by the subvariant. Data extraction and synthesisEstimates of vaccine effectiveness (VE) at different time points after the third-dose and fourth-dose vaccination were extracted. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to compare VE of the third dose versus the primary series, no vaccination and the fourth dose at different time points. The certainty of the evidence was assessed by Grading of Recommendations, Assessments, Development and Evaluation approach. ResultsThis review included 50 studies. The third-dose VE, compared with the primary series, against SARS-CoV-2 infection was 48.86% (95% CI 44.90% to 52.82%, low certainty) at ≥14 days, and gradually decreased to 38.01% (95% CI 13.90% to 62.13%, very low certainty) at ≥90 days after the third-dose vaccination. The fourth-dose VE peaked at 14–30 days (56.70% (95% CI 50.36% to 63.04%), moderate certainty), then quickly declined at 61–90 days (22% (95% CI 6.40% to 37.60%), low certainty). Compared with no vaccination, the third-dose VE was 75.84% (95% CI 40.56% to 111.12%, low certainty) against BA.1 infection, and 70.41% (95% CI 49.94% to 90.88%, low certainty) against BA.2 infection at ≥7 days after the third-dose vaccination. The third-dose VE against hospitalisation remained stable over time and maintained 79.30% (95% CI 58.65% to 99.94%, moderate certainty) at 91–120 days. The fourth-dose VE up to 60 days was 67.54% (95% CI 59.76% to 75.33%, moderate certainty) for hospitalisation and 77.88% (95% CI 72.55% to 83.21%, moderate certainty) for death. ConclusionThe boosters provided substantial protection against severe COVID-19 outcomes for at least 6 months, although the duration of protection remains uncertain, suggesting the need for a booster dose within 6 months of the third-dose or fourth-dose vaccination. However, the certainty of evidence in our VE estimates varied from very low to moderate, indicating significant heterogeneity among studies that should be considered when interpreting the findings for public health policies. PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023376698.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedYoshiaki Oda, Yuji Kumagai, Manabu Kanai, Yasuhiro Iwama, Iori Okura, Takeshi Minamida, Yukihiro Yagi, Toru Kurosawa, Benjamin Greener, Ye Zhang, Judd L Walson
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 21.12.2023
Tilføjet 21.12.2023
In adults who had previously received three doses of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, immune responses 28 days after an ARCT-154 booster dose were non-inferior to those observed after a BNT162b2 booster dose for the Wuhan-Hu-1 strain of SARS-CoV-2 and superior for the Omicron BA.4/5 variant. Increased immune responses at 28 days might provide increased likelihood of protection against these strains during this period and could also result in longer duration of protection. Further studies will assess the immunogenicity induced against more recent SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 19.12.2023
Tilføjet 19.12.2023
Abstract Objective To explore the effects of long-term oral ACEIs/ARBs on the incidence of exacerbation and in-hospital mortality in elderly COVID-19 Omicron BA.2 patients with hypertension, especially patients aged 80 years or older. Materials and methods In this retrospective study, patients suffering mild and rcommon COVID-19 with hypertension who were hospitalized in the Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital between April 2022 and June 2022 were enrolled. Primary outcomes included the incidence of exacerbation and in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of respiratory failure of patients, use of mechanical ventilation, nucleic acid conversion time (NCT), hospitalization costs, and the temporal trend of the incidence of exacerbations and in-hospital mortality in different age groups. The data were analysed using propensity score weighting (PSW). Results In the entire cohort, there were 298 ACEI/ARB users and 465 non-ACEI/ARB users. The ACEI/ARB group showed a lower incidence of exacerbation (OR = 0.64, 95% CI for OR: 0.46–0.89, P = 0.0082) and lower in-hospital mortality (OR = 0.49, 95% CI for OR: 0.27–0.89, P = 0.0201) after PSW. Sensitivity analysis obtained the same results. The results of the subgroup of patients aged 80 years and older obtained a similar conclusion as the whole cohort. Most of the study indicators did not differ statistically significantly in the subgroup of patients aged 60 to 79 years except for rates of mechanical ventilation and respiratory failure. Conclusion Antihypertensive therapy with ACEIs/ARBs might reduce the incidence of exacerbation and in-hospital mortality. The findings of this study support the use of ACEIs/ARBs in COVID-19 patients infected by Omicron BA.2, especially in patients aged 80 years or older with hypertension.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 18.12.2023
Tilføjet 18.12.2023
Abstract Objective To explore the effects of long-term oral ACEIs/ARBs on the incidence of exacerbation and in-hospital mortality in elderly COVID-19 Omicron BA.2 patients with hypertension, especially patients aged 80 years or older. Materials and methods In this retrospective study, patients suffering mild and rcommon COVID-19 with hypertension who were hospitalized in the Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital between April 2022 and June 2022 were enrolled. Primary outcomes included the incidence of exacerbation and in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of respiratory failure of patients, use of mechanical ventilation, nucleic acid conversion time (NCT), hospitalization costs, and the temporal trend of the incidence of exacerbations and in-hospital mortality in different age groups. The data were analysed using propensity score weighting (PSW). Results In the entire cohort, there were 298 ACEI/ARB users and 465 non-ACEI/ARB users. The ACEI/ARB group showed a lower incidence of exacerbation (OR = 0.64, 95% CI for OR: 0.46–0.89, P = 0.0082) and lower in-hospital mortality (OR = 0.49, 95% CI for OR: 0.27–0.89, P = 0.0201) after PSW. Sensitivity analysis obtained the same results. The results of the subgroup of patients aged 80 years and older obtained a similar conclusion as the whole cohort. Most of the study indicators did not differ statistically significantly in the subgroup of patients aged 60 to 79 years except for rates of mechanical ventilation and respiratory failure. Conclusion Antihypertensive therapy with ACEIs/ARBs might reduce the incidence of exacerbation and in-hospital mortality. The findings of this study support the use of ACEIs/ARBs in COVID-19 patients infected by Omicron BA.2, especially in patients aged 80 years or older with hypertension.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedYunfei Li, Shohei Yamamoto, Kumi Horii, Tetsuya Mizoue, Maki Konishi, Haruhito Sugiyama, Wataru Sugiura, Norio Ohmagari
Journal of Medical Virology, 17.12.2023
Tilføjet 17.12.2023
Infection, 15.12.2023
Tilføjet 15.12.2023
Abstract Purpose This study aims to describe clinical, virological and radiological characteristics as well as treatment strategies and outcomes of immunocompromised patients with persistent SARS-CoV-2 replication. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of immunocompromised patients at the University Medical Center Freiburg between 01/2022 and 05/2023. Patients with substantial immunosuppression and persistent SARS-CoV-2 detection (Ct-value 10 days. In 30% (8/27) of patients with repeated CT scans, we found the emergence of chronic pulmonary changes, which were more frequently in patients with B cell depletion (37%, 7/19) compared to patients with organ transplantation (12%, 2/17). Conclusion Ongoing SARS-CoV-2 replication in the lower respiratory tract is a relevant differential diagnosis in patients with severe immunosuppression and continuous cough, fever or dyspnoea even if nasopharyngeal swabs test negative for SARS-CoV-2. Especially in B cell-depleted patients, this may lead to inflammatory or fibrotic-like pulmonary changes, which are partially reversible after inhibition of viral replication. Antiviral therapy seems to be most effective in combination and over a prolonged period of time of > 10 days. Trial registration number DRKS 00027299.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 14.12.2023
Tilføjet 14.12.2023
BMC Infectious Diseases, 14.12.2023
Tilføjet 14.12.2023
Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) surges, such as that which occurred when omicron variants emerged, may overwhelm healthcare systems. To function properly, such systems should balance detection and workloads by improving referrals using simple yet precise and sensitive diagnostic predictions. A symptom-based scoring system was developed using machine learning for the general population, but no validation has occurred in healthcare settings. We aimed to validate a COVID-19 scoring system using self-reported symptoms, including loss of smell and taste as major indicators. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate medical records of patients admitted to Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from March 2020 to December 2021. Outcomes were defined by a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We compared the symptom-based scoring system, as the index test, with antigen tests, antibody tests, and clinical judgements by primary care physicians. To validate use of the index test to improve referral, we evaluated positive predictive value (PPV) and sensitivity. Results After clinical judgement with a PPV of 61% (n = 327/530, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 60% to 62%), confirmation with the index test resulted in the highest PPV of 85% (n = 30/35, 95% CI: 83% to 87%) but the lowest sensitivity (n = 30/180, 17%, 95% CI: 15% to 19%). If this confirmation was defined by either positive predictive scoring or antigen tests, the PPV was 92% (n = 55/60, 95% CI: 90% to 94%). Meanwhile, the sensitivity was 88% (n = 55/62, 95% CI: 87% to 89%), which was higher than that when using only antigen tests (n = 29/41, 71%, 95% CI: 69% to 73%). Conclusions The symptom-based COVID-19 predictive score was validated in healthcare settings for its precision and sensitivity. However, an impact study is needed to confirm if this can balance detection and workload for the next COVID-19 surge.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 14.12.2023
Tilføjet 14.12.2023
Abstract Purpose This study aims to describe clinical, virological and radiological characteristics as well as treatment strategies and outcomes of immunocompromised patients with persistent SARS-CoV-2 replication. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of immunocompromised patients at the University Medical Center Freiburg between 01/2022 and 05/2023. Patients with substantial immunosuppression and persistent SARS-CoV-2 detection (Ct-value 10 days. In 30% (8/27) of patients with repeated CT scans, we found the emergence of chronic pulmonary changes, which were more frequently in patients with B cell depletion (37%, 7/19) compared to patients with organ transplantation (12%, 2/17). Conclusion Ongoing SARS-CoV-2 replication in the lower respiratory tract is a relevant differential diagnosis in patients with severe immunosuppression and continuous cough, fever or dyspnoea even if nasopharyngeal swabs test negative for SARS-CoV-2. Especially in B cell-depleted patients, this may lead to inflammatory or fibrotic-like pulmonary changes, which are partially reversible after inhibition of viral replication. Antiviral therapy seems to be most effective in combination and over a prolonged period of time of > 10 days. Trial registration number DRKS 00027299.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedYek, Christina; Wang, Jing; Fintzi, Jonathan; Mancera, Alex G.; Keller, Michael B.; Warner, Sarah; Kadri, Sameer S.
Critical Care Explorations, 14.12.2023
Tilføjet 14.12.2023
IMPORTANCE: Many U.S. State crisis standards of care (CSC) guidelines incorporated Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), a sepsis-related severity score, in pandemic triage algorithms. However, SOFA performed poorly in COVID-19. Although disease-specific scores may perform better, their prognostic utility over time and in overcrowded care settings remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated prognostication by the modified 4C (m4C) score, a COVID-19–specific prognosticator that demonstrated good predictive capacity early in the pandemic, as a potential tool to standardize triage across time and hospital-surge environments. DESIGN: Retrospective observational cohort study. SETTING: Two hundred eighty-one U.S. hospitals in an administrative healthcare dataset. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 298,379 hospitalized adults with COVID-19 were identified from March 1, 2020, to January 31, 2022. m4C scores were calculated from admission diagnosis codes, vital signs, and laboratory values. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Hospital-surge index, a severity-weighted measure of COVID-19 caseload, was calculated for each hospital-month. Discrimination of in-hospital mortality by m4C and surge index-adjusted models was measured by area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC). Calibration was assessed by training models on early pandemic waves and measuring fit (deviation from bisector) in subsequent waves. RESULTS: From March 2020 to January 2022, 298,379 adults with COVID-19 were admitted across 281 U.S. hospitals. m4C adequately discriminated mortality in wave 1 (AUC 0.779 [95% CI, 0.769–0.789]); discrimination was lower in subsequent waves (wave 2: 0.772 [95% CI, 0.765–0.779]; wave 3: 0.746 [95% CI, 0.743–0.750]; delta: 0.707 [95% CI, 0.702–0.712]; omicron: 0.729 [95% CI, 0.721–0.738]). m4C demonstrated reduced calibration in contemporaneous waves that persisted despite periodic recalibration. Performance characteristics were similar with and without adjustment for surge. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Mortality prediction by the m4C score remained robust to surge strain, making it attractive for when triage is most needed. However, score performance has deteriorated in recent waves. CSC guidelines relying on defined prognosticators, especially for dynamic disease processes like COVID-19, warrant frequent reappraisal to ensure appropriate resource allocation.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJianhua Li, Haiyan Mao, Wanchen Song, Yin Chen, Yan Feng, Jiaxuan Li, Lingxuan Su, Xiaoyan Li, Wen Shi, Yutong Wu, Chen Huang, Yanjun Zhang, Keda Chen
Journal of Medical Virology, 13.12.2023
Tilføjet 13.12.2023
BMC Infectious Diseases, 13.12.2023
Tilføjet 13.12.2023
BMC Infectious Diseases, 13.12.2023
Tilføjet 13.12.2023
Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) surges, such as that which occurred when omicron variants emerged, may overwhelm healthcare systems. To function properly, such systems should balance detection and workloads by improving referrals using simple yet precise and sensitive diagnostic predictions. A symptom-based scoring system was developed using machine learning for the general population, but no validation has occurred in healthcare settings. We aimed to validate a COVID-19 scoring system using self-reported symptoms, including loss of smell and taste as major indicators. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate medical records of patients admitted to Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from March 2020 to December 2021. Outcomes were defined by a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We compared the symptom-based scoring system, as the index test, with antigen tests, antibody tests, and clinical judgements by primary care physicians. To validate use of the index test to improve referral, we evaluated positive predictive value (PPV) and sensitivity. Results After clinical judgement with a PPV of 61% (n = 327/530, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 60% to 62%), confirmation with the index test resulted in the highest PPV of 85% (n = 30/35, 95% CI: 83% to 87%) but the lowest sensitivity (n = 30/180, 17%, 95% CI: 15% to 19%). If this confirmation was defined by either positive predictive scoring or antigen tests, the PPV was 92% (n = 55/60, 95% CI: 90% to 94%). Meanwhile, the sensitivity was 88% (n = 55/62, 95% CI: 87% to 89%), which was higher than that when using only antigen tests (n = 29/41, 71%, 95% CI: 69% to 73%). Conclusions The symptom-based COVID-19 predictive score was validated in healthcare settings for its precision and sensitivity. However, an impact study is needed to confirm if this can balance detection and workload for the next COVID-19 surge.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMweso, O., Simwanza, J., Malambo, W., Banda, D., Fwoloshi, S., Sinyange, N., Yoo, Y. M., Feldstein, L. R., Kapina, M., Mulenga, L. B., Liwewe, M. M., Musonda, K., Kapata, N., Mwansa, F. D., Agolory, S., Bobo, P., Hines, J., Chilengi, R.
BMJ Open, 10.12.2023
Tilføjet 10.12.2023
ObjectivesThe study aim was to evaluate vaccine effectiveness (VE) of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing symptomatic COVID-19 among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Zambia. We sought to answer the question, ‘What is the vaccine effectiveness of a complete schedule of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in preventing symptomatic COVID-19 among HCWs in Zambia?’ Design/settingWe conducted a test-negative case–control study among HCWs across different levels of health facilities in Zambia offering point of care testing for COVID-19 from May 2021 to March 2022. Participants1767 participants entered the study and completed it. Cases were HCWs with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 and controls were HCWs who tested SARS-CoV-2 negative. Consented HCWs with documented history of vaccination for COVID-19 (vaccinated HCWs only) were included in the study. HCWs with unknown test results and unknown vaccination status, were excluded. Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was VE among symptomatic HCWs. Secondary outcomes were VE by: SARS-CoV-2 variant strains based on the predominant variant circulating in Zambia (Delta during May 2021 to November 2021 and Omicron during December 2021 to March 2022), duration since vaccination and vaccine product. ResultsWe recruited 1145 symptomatic HCWs. The median age was 30 years (IQR: 26–38) and 789 (68.9%) were women. Two hundred and eighty-two (24.6%) were fully vaccinated. The median time to full vaccination was 102 days (IQR: 56–144). VE against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection was 72.7% (95% CI: 61.9% to 80.7%) for fully vaccinated participants. VE was 79.4% (95% CI: 58.2% to 90.7%) during the Delta period and 37.5% (95% CI: –7.0% to 63.3%) during the Omicron period. ConclusionsCOVID-19 vaccines were effective in reducing symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 among Zambian HCWs when the Delta variant was circulating but not when Omicron was circulating. This could be related to immune evasive characteristics and/or waning immunity. These findings support accelerating COVID-19 booster dosing with bivalent vaccines as part of the vaccination programme to reduce COVID-19 in Zambia.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJun Li, Yi Liu, Xia Wei, Zhanshu Liu, Zailiang Yang, Ling Liu, Meiyu Zhou, Guofa Xu, Lanting Chen, Yao Ding, Haike Lei, Zailin Yang, Shuang Chen, Xiaomei Zhang, Yifeng Tang, Huihui Fu, Sanxiu He, Bingling Guo, Xiping Liang, Lingqian Zhang, Wenjun Zhang, Jing Wu, Chaoyu Wang, Chongling Hu, Renzhi Hu, Xin Luo, Xi Quan, Chensi Zeng, Shunsi Liang, Tingting Liu, Jing Lv, Qin Luo, Qin Qi, Luxiang Xu, Yan Xiong, Jueyin Liu, Dehong Huang, Chunyan Xiao, Jun Liu, Tao Yang, Ying Xiang, Qiying Li, Yingyu Nan, Jieping Li, Yong Zhang, Yongzhong Wu, Yao Liu
Journal of Medical Virology, 9.12.2023
Tilføjet 9.12.2023
BMC Infectious Diseases, 8.12.2023
Tilføjet 8.12.2023
Abstract Background The neurological symptoms caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are of increasing concern. Convulsions are among the main neurological manifestations reported in children with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), and cause serious harm to physical and mental health. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for convulsion in children with COVID-19. Methods This prospective study was conducted at the Children’s Hospital of Soochow University. In total, 102 COVID-19 patients with convulsion, 172 COVID-19 patients without convulsion, and 50 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The children’s clinical and laboratory data were analyzed to assess the risk factors for convulsion in COVID-19 patients. Results Convulsions occurred in 37.2% of children, mostly those aged 1–3 years, who were hospitalized with the Omicron variant. The neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and mean platelet volume-to-platelet ratio (MPR) were significantly higher in the convulsion group than those in the non-convulsion and control groups (P
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJuan P. Aguilar Ticona, Meng Xiao, Dan Li, Nivison Nery, Matt Hitchings, Emilia M. M. Andrade Belitardo, Mariam O. Fofana, Renato Victoriano, Jaqueline S. Cruz, Laise Eduarda Paixão de Moraes, Icaro Morais Strobel, Jessica Jesus Silva, Ananias Sena do Aragão Filho, Guilherme S. Ribeiro, Mitermayer G. Reis, Federico Costa, Ricardo Khouri, Albert I. Ko, Derek A.T. Cummings
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 7.12.2023
Tilføjet 7.12.2023
The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has been characterized by high levels of immune evasion [1]. The most recently emerged subvariants, BQ.1.1 and XBB, have been shown to effectively evade immunity generated by vaccines, including bivalent formulations designed specifically to target Omicron BA.5 [1-3]. In addition to diminishing vaccine effectiveness, the continued evolution of Omicron variants may limit the utility of available treatment options such as Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir or molnupiravir [4, 5].
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMa Junyong, Yizhou Wang, Jian Liu, Yali Wu, Shichao Zhang, Xifeng Li, Daoxi Zha, Jun Zhou, Yong Xia, Xiaofeng Zhang
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 7.12.2023
Tilføjet 7.12.2023
The COVID-19 virus (SARS-CoV-2) has been spreading globally for over three years, posing a serious threat to human life and health, and causing significant impacts on surgical procedures. Early surgical research on COVID-19 primarily focused on the effects of infection on postoperative complications and the timing of surgeries. In Wuhan, China, where the initial infections of SARS-CoV-2 occurred, all infected surgical patients developed pulmonary complications shortly after surgery, with 44.1% (15/34) requiring ICU care, and the mortality rate reaching 20.5% [1].
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 7.12.2023
Tilføjet 7.12.2023
Abstract Background The neurological symptoms caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are of increasing concern. Convulsions are among the main neurological manifestations reported in children with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), and cause serious harm to physical and mental health. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for convulsion in children with COVID-19. Methods This prospective study was conducted at the Children’s Hospital of Soochow University. In total, 102 COVID-19 patients with convulsion, 172 COVID-19 patients without convulsion, and 50 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The children’s clinical and laboratory data were analyzed to assess the risk factors for convulsion in COVID-19 patients. Results Convulsions occurred in 37.2% of children, mostly those aged 1–3 years, who were hospitalized with the Omicron variant. The neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and mean platelet volume-to-platelet ratio (MPR) were significantly higher in the convulsion group than those in the non-convulsion and control groups (P
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedPierre Bay, Christophe Rodriguez, Stefano Caruso, Vanessa Demontant, Laure Boizeau, Alexandre Soulier, Paul L. Woerther, Armand Mekontso‐Dessap, Jean‐Michel Pawlotsky, Nicolas de Prost, Slim Fourati
Journal of Medical Virology, 6.12.2023
Tilføjet 6.12.2023
BMC Infectious Diseases, 3.12.2023
Tilføjet 3.12.2023
Abstract Background Considering the fact that COVID-19 has undergone various changes over time, its symptoms have also varied. The aim of this study is to describe and compare the changes in personal characteristics, symptoms, and underlying conditions of individuals infected with different strains of COVID-19. Methods This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 46,747 patients who underwent PCR testing during a two-year period from February 22, 2020 to February 23, 2022, in South Khorasan province, Iran. Patient characteristics and symptoms were extracted based on self-report and the information system. The data were analyzed using logistic regression and artificial neural network approaches. The R software was used for analysis and a significance level of 0.05 was considered for the tests. Results Among the 46,747 cases analyzed, 23,239 (49.7%) were male, and the mean age was 51.48 ± 21.41 years. There was a significant difference in symptoms among different variants of the disease (p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 3.12.2023
Tilføjet 3.12.2023
Abstract Background The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, currently the most prevalent strain, has rapidly spread in Jingzhou, China, due to changes in the country’s epidemic prevention policy, resulting in an unprecedented increase in cases. Previous studies reported hematological parameters’ predictive value in COVID-19 severity and prognosis, but their relevance for early diagnosis in patients infected by the Omicron variant, particularly in high-risk pneumonia cases, remains unclear. Our study aimed to evaluate these parameters as early warning indicators for Omicron-infected patients in fever clinics and those with pulmonary infections (PI). Methods A total of 2,021 COVID-19 patients admitted to the fever clinic and infectious disease department of Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University from November 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022, were retrospectively recruited. Demographic and hematological parameters were obtained from the electronic medical records of eligible patients. These hematological parameters were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to determine whether they can be used for early diagnosis of COVID-19 patients in fever clinics and the presence of PI in COVID-19 patients. Results Statistical differences in hematological parameters were observed between COVID-19 patients with fever and PI and control groups (P
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical Infectious Diseases, 30.11.2023
Tilføjet 30.11.2023
AbstractBackgroundProtection against contemporary SARS-CoV-2 variants requires sequence-adapted vaccines.MethodsIn this ongoing phase 2/3 trial, 12−17-year-olds (n=108), 18−55-year-olds (n=313), and >55-year-olds (n=306) who previously received 3 original BNT162b2 30-µg doses, received a fourth dose (second booster) of 30-µg bivalent original/Omicron-BA.4/BA.5-adapted BNT162b2 (BNT162b2-Omi.BA.4/BA.5). For comparisons with original BNT162b2, participants were selected from another phase 3 trial. Immunologic superiority 1-month post-vaccination, with respect to 50% neutralizing titers (GMR lower bound [LB] 2-sided 95%CI >1), and noninferiority with respect to seroresponse rates (rate-difference LB 2-sided 95%CI >−5%), for Omicron BA.4/BA.5 were assessed in >55-year-olds versus original BNT162b2 as a second booster. Noninferiority with respect to neutralizing titer level (GMR LB 2-sided 95%CI >0.67) and seroresponse rate (rate-difference LB 2-sided 95%CI >−10%) of Omicron BA.4/BA.5 immune response for BNT162b2-Omi.BA.4/BA.5 in 18‒55-year-olds versus >55-year-olds was assessed.ResultsOne-month post-vaccination in >55-year-olds, model-adjusted GMR of Omicron BA.4/BA.5 neutralizing titers for the BNT162b2-Omi.BA.4/BA.5 versus BNT162b2 group (2.91; 95%CI 2.45−3.44) demonstrated superiority of BNT162b2-Omi.BA.4/BA.5. Adjusted difference in percentages of >55-year-olds with seroresponse (26.77%; 95%CI 19.59−33.95) showed noninferiority of BNT162b2-Omi.BA.4/BA.5 to BNT162b2. Noninferiority of BNT162b2-Omi.BA.4/BA.5 in 18‒55-year-olds to >55-year-olds was met for model-adjusted GMR and seroresponse. GMTs in 12−17-year-olds increased from baseline to 1-month post-vaccination. The BNT162b2-Omi.BA.4/BA.5 safety profile was similar to booster doses of bivalent Omicron BA.1-modified BNT162b2 and original BNT162b2 reported in previous studies.ConclusionsBased on immunogenicity and safety data up to 1-month post-vaccination in participants who previously received 3 original BNT162b2 doses, a BNT162b2-Omi.BA.4/BA.5 30 µg booster has a favorable benefit-risk profile.Clinical trial registrationNCT05472038
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
AbstractWe analyzed neutralizing antibodies in samples from ancestral+BA.1 and ancestral+BA.4/5 boosted individuals, collected around 5.5 months after booster. Titers of neutralizing antibodies generally decreased compared to a time point early after the bivalent booster immunization. This was more pronounced for individuals without infection history and for recently emerged omicron variants.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
Abstract Background Considering the fact that COVID-19 has undergone various changes over time, its symptoms have also varied. The aim of this study is to describe and compare the changes in personal characteristics, symptoms, and underlying conditions of individuals infected with different strains of COVID-19. Methods This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 46,747 patients who underwent PCR testing during a two-year period from February 22, 2020 to February 23, 2022, in South Khorasan province, Iran. Patient characteristics and symptoms were extracted based on self-report and the information system. The data were analyzed using logistic regression and artificial neural network approaches. The R software was used for analysis and a significance level of 0.05 was considered for the tests. Results Among the 46,747 cases analyzed, 23,239 (49.7%) were male, and the mean age was 51.48 ± 21.41 years. There was a significant difference in symptoms among different variants of the disease (p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
Abstract Background Considering the fact that COVID-19 has undergone various changes over time, its symptoms have also varied. The aim of this study is to describe and compare the changes in personal characteristics, symptoms, and underlying conditions of individuals infected with different strains of COVID-19. Methods This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 46,747 patients who underwent PCR testing during a two-year period from February 22, 2020 to February 23, 2022, in South Khorasan province, Iran. Patient characteristics and symptoms were extracted based on self-report and the information system. The data were analyzed using logistic regression and artificial neural network approaches. The R software was used for analysis and a significance level of 0.05 was considered for the tests. Results Among the 46,747 cases analyzed, 23,239 (49.7%) were male, and the mean age was 51.48 ± 21.41 years. There was a significant difference in symptoms among different variants of the disease (p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
Abstract Background Considering the fact that COVID-19 has undergone various changes over time, its symptoms have also varied. The aim of this study is to describe and compare the changes in personal characteristics, symptoms, and underlying conditions of individuals infected with different strains of COVID-19. Methods This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 46,747 patients who underwent PCR testing during a two-year period from February 22, 2020 to February 23, 2022, in South Khorasan province, Iran. Patient characteristics and symptoms were extracted based on self-report and the information system. The data were analyzed using logistic regression and artificial neural network approaches. The R software was used for analysis and a significance level of 0.05 was considered for the tests. Results Among the 46,747 cases analyzed, 23,239 (49.7%) were male, and the mean age was 51.48 ± 21.41 years. There was a significant difference in symptoms among different variants of the disease (p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
Abstract Background The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, currently the most prevalent strain, has rapidly spread in Jingzhou, China, due to changes in the country’s epidemic prevention policy, resulting in an unprecedented increase in cases. Previous studies reported hematological parameters’ predictive value in COVID-19 severity and prognosis, but their relevance for early diagnosis in patients infected by the Omicron variant, particularly in high-risk pneumonia cases, remains unclear. Our study aimed to evaluate these parameters as early warning indicators for Omicron-infected patients in fever clinics and those with pulmonary infections (PI). Methods A total of 2,021 COVID-19 patients admitted to the fever clinic and infectious disease department of Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University from November 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022, were retrospectively recruited. Demographic and hematological parameters were obtained from the electronic medical records of eligible patients. These hematological parameters were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to determine whether they can be used for early diagnosis of COVID-19 patients in fever clinics and the presence of PI in COVID-19 patients. Results Statistical differences in hematological parameters were observed between COVID-19 patients with fever and PI and control groups (P
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedFengcai Zhu, Shoujie Huang, Xiaohui Liu, Qi Chen, Chunlan Zhuang, Hui Zhao, Jinle Han, Anjuli May Jaen, Thai Hung Do, Jonathan Grant Peter, Alexander Gonzalez Dorado, Louie S Tirador, Gelza Mae A Zabat, Ralph Elvi M Villalobos, Gemalyn Pineda Gueco, Lauren Livia Greta Botha, Shirley Patricia Iglesias Pertuz, Jiaxiang Tan, Kongxin Zhu, Jiali Quan, Hongyan Lin, Yue Huang, Jizong Jia, Xiafei Chu, Junyu Chen, Yixin Chen, Tianying Zhang, Yingying Su, Changgui Li, Xiangzhong Ye, Ting Wu, Jun Zhang, Ningshao Xia, COVID-19-PRO-003 Study Team
Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
Although this trial did not meet the predefined efficacy criteria for success, dNS1-RBD was well tolerated and protective against omicron variants, both as a primary immunisation and as a heterologous booster.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of Infectious Diseases, 25.11.2023
Tilføjet 25.11.2023
AbstractBackgroundThe emergence of rapidly evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants, coupled with waning vaccine-induced immunity, has contributed to the rise of vaccine breakthrough infections. It is crucial to understand how vaccine-induced protection is mediated.MethodsWe examined two prospective cohorts of mRNA-vaccinated-and-boosted individuals during the Omicron wave of infection in Singapore.ResultsWe found that, individuals, who remain uninfected over the follow-up period, had a higher variant-specific IgA, but not IgG, antibody response at 1-month post booster vaccination, compared with individuals who became infected.ConclusionsWe conclude that IgA may have a potential contributory role in protection against Omicron infection.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 23.11.2023
Tilføjet 23.11.2023
Abstract Cross-reactive cellular and humoral immunity can substantially contribute to antiviral defense against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC). While the adult SARS-CoV-2 cellular and humoral immunity and its cross-recognition potential against VOC is broadly analyzed, similar data regarding the pediatric population are missing. In this study, we perform an analysis of the humoral and cellular SARS-CoV-2 response immune of 32 convalescent COVID-19 children (children), 27 convalescent vaccinated adults(C + V+) and 7 unvaccinated convalescent adults (C + V-). Similarly to adults, a significant reduction of cross-reactive neutralizing capacity against delta and omicron VOC was observed 6 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. While SAR-CoV-2 neutralizing capacity was comparable among children and C + V- against all VOC, children demonstrated as expected an inferior humoral response when compared to C + V+. Nevertheless, children generated SARS-CoV-2 reactive T cells with broad cross-recognition potential. When compared to V + C+, children presented even comparable frequencies of WT-reactive CD4 + and CD8 + T cells with high avidity and functionality. Taking into consideration the limitations of study - unknown disease onset for 53% of the asymptomatic pediatric subjects, serological detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection-, our results suggest that following SARS-CoV-2 infection children generate a humoral SARS-CoV-2 response with neutralizing potential comparable to unvaccinated COVID-19 convalescent adults as well a sustained SARS-CoV-2 cellular response cross-reactive to VOC.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedChiara Marraccini, Lucia Merolle, Davide Schiroli, Agnese Razzoli, Gaia Gavioli, Barbara Iotti, Roberto Baricchi, Marta Ottone, Pamela Mancuso, Paolo Giorgi Rossi
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
by Chiara Marraccini, Lucia Merolle, Davide Schiroli, Agnese Razzoli, Gaia Gavioli, Barbara Iotti, Roberto Baricchi, Marta Ottone, Pamela Mancuso, Paolo Giorgi Rossi To investigate the association between biochemical and blood parameters collected before the pandemic in a large cohort of Italian blood donors with the risk of infection and severe disease. We also focused on the differences between the pre- and post-Omicron spread in Italy (i.e., pre- and post-January 01, 2022) on the observed associations. We conducted an observational cohort study on 13750 blood donors was conducted using data archived up to 5 years before the pandemic. A t-test or chi-squared test was used to compare differences between groups. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Subgroup analyses stratified by sex, age and epidemic phase of first infection (pre- and post-Omicron spread) were examined. We confirmed a protective effect of groups B and O, while groups A and AB had a higher likelihood of infection and severe disease. However, these associations were only significant in the pre-Omicron period. We found an opposite behavior after Omicron spread, with the O phenotype having a higher probability of infection. When stratified by variant, A antigen appeared to protect against Omicron infection, whereas it was associated with an increased risk of infection by earlier variants. We were able to stratify for the SARS CoV-2 dominant variant, which revealed a causal association between blood group and probability of infection, as evidenced by the strong effect modification observed between the pre- and post-Omicron spread. The mechanism by which group A acts on the probability of infection should consider this strong effect modification.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of Infectious Diseases, 16.11.2023
Tilføjet 16.11.2023
AbstractBackgroundMutations present in emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants permit evasion of neutralization with prototype vaccines. A novel Omicron BA.1 subvariant-specific vaccine (NVX-CoV2515) was tested alone, or as a bivalent preparation in combination with the prototype vaccine (NVX-CoV2373), to assess antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2.MethodsParticipants aged 18 to 64 years immunized with 3 doses of prototype mRNA vaccines were randomized 1:1:1 to receive a single dose of NVX-CoV2515, NVX-CoV2373, or bivalent mixture in a phase 3 study investigating heterologous boosting with SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike protein vaccines. Immunogenicity was measured 14 and 28 days after vaccination for the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 sublineage and ancestral strain. Safety profiles of vaccines were assessed.ResultsOf participants who received trial vaccine (N = 829), those administered NVX-CoV2515 (n = 286) demonstrated superior neutralizing antibody response to BA.1 versus NVX-CoV2373 (n = 274) at Day 14 (geometric mean titer ratio [95% CI]: 1.6 [1.33, 2.03]). Seroresponse rates [n/N; 95% CI] were 73.4% [91/124; 64.7, 80.9] for NVX-CoV2515 versus 50.9% [59/116; 41.4, 60.3] for NVX-CoV2373. All formulations were similarly well-tolerated.ConclusionsNVX-CoV2515 elicited a superior neutralizing antibody response against the Omicron BA.1 subvariant compared with NVX-CoV2373 when administered as a fourth dose. Safety data were consistent with the established safety profile of NVX-CoV2373.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBeili Wang, Wenjing Yang, Yexin Tong, Mingjun Sun, Sheng Quan, Jing Zhu, Qianwen Zhang, Zhaoyu Qin, Yanxia Ni, Ying Zhao, Kouqiong Wang, Chunyan Zhang, Yichi Zhang, Zhenxin Wang, Zhenju Song, Huafen Liu, Hao Fang, Ziqing Kong, Chen Ding, Wei Guo
Journal of Medical Virology, 16.11.2023
Tilføjet 16.11.2023