Nyt fra tidsskrifterne
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Ingen søgeord valgt.
45 emner vises.
Minh Ha NgoJoshua PankracRyan C. Y. HoEmmanuel NdashimyeRahul PawaRenata CeccacciTsigereda BiruAbayomi S. OlabodeKatja KleinYue LiColin KovacsRobert AssadJeffrey M. JacobsonDavid H. CanadayStephen TomusangeSamiri JamiruAggrey AnokTaddeo KityamuweesiPaul BuuleRonald M. GaliwangoSteven J. ReynoldsThomas C. QuinnAndrew D. ReddJessica L. ProdgerJamie F. S. MannEric J. Artsa Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canadab College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnamc Special Immunology Unit and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USAd Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UKe Maple Leaf Medical Clinic and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canadaf Rakai Health Sciences Program, Kalisizo, Ugandag Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USAh Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Emerg Microbes Infect, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Qianchun GongRendi JiangLina JiHaofeng LinMeiqin LiuXiaofang TangYong YangWei HanJing ChenZishuo GuoQi WangQian LiXi WangTingting JiangShizhe XieXinglou YangPeng ZhouZhengli ShiXinhua Lina State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of Chinab Joint Laboratory for Lung Development and Related Diseases of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and School of Life Sciences of Fudan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of Chinac School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of Chinad State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinae The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of Chinaf Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of Chinag Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Information, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Ying LiuJiayou ZhangWen LiuYongbing PanShunan RuanXuanxuan NianWei ChenLina SunQiangling YinXin YueQingliang LiFang GuiCong WuShuzhen WangYunkai YangZhaofei JingFeiguang LongZejun WangZeyu ZhangChaolin HuangKai DuanMifang LiangXiaoming Yanga Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinab Hubei Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinac Hubei Public Health Clinical Center, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinad Wuhan Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinae National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinaf Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co. Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinag National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinah Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinai China National Biotec Group Company Limited, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Jiahui GuoYinan LaiZhixiang YangWenbo SongJunwei ZhouZhuang LiWen SuShaobo XiaoLiurong Fanga National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinab Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinac Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Morgan Brisse, Hinh Ly
Journal of Medical Virology, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Minsoo Kim, Eunjung Kim
Journal of Medical Virology, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Shaoli Lin, Xiaochun Wang, Bhargava Teja Sallapalli, Adam Hage, Peixi Chang, Jia He, Sonja M. Best, Yanjin Zhang
Journal of Medical Virology, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract Introduction Establishing the safety and immunogenicity of a hepatitis E virus vaccine in multiple populations could facilitate broader access and prevent maternal and infant mortality.Methods We conducted a phase 1, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled (4:1 vaccine: placebo) trial of 30 µg HEV-239 (Hecolin®, Xiamen Innovax Biotech Company Limited, China) administered intramuscularly in healthy US adults aged 18-45 years. Participants were vaccinated on days 1, 29, and 180. Participants reported solicited local and systemic reactions for 7 days following vaccination and were followed through 12 months after enrollment for safety and immunogenicity (IgG, IgM).Results Solicited local and systemic reactions between treatment and placebo group were similar and overall mild. No participants experienced serious adverse events related to HEV-239. All participants receiving HEV-239 seroconverted at one month following the first dose and remained seropositive throughout the study. HEV-239 elicited a robust hepatitis E IgG response that peaked one month following the second dose (Geometric Mean Concentration (GMC) 6.16; 95% CI 4.40-8.63), was boosted with the third dose (GMC 11.50; 95% CI 7.90-16.75) and persisted through 6 months.Conclusions HEV-239 is safe and elicits a durable immune response through at least 6 months after the third dose in healthy US adults.Clinical Trials Registration NCT03827395. Safety Study of Hepatitis E Vaccine (HEV239) - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract The Centers for Disease Control estimates antibiotic-associated pathogens result in 2.8 million infections and 38,000 deaths annually in the United States. This study applies species distribution modeling to elucidate the impact of environmental determinants of human infectious disease in an era of rapid global change. We modeled methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridioides difficile using 31 publicly accessible bioclimatic, healthcare, and sociodemographic variables. Ensemble models were created from 8 unique statistical and machine learning algorithms. Using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition codes, we identified 305,528 diagnoses of methicillin-resistant S.aureus and 302,001 diagnoses of C.difficile presence. Three environmental factors – average maximum temperature, specific humidity, and agricultural land density – emerged as major predictors of increased methicillin-resistant S.aureus and C.difficile presence; variables representing healthcare availability were less important. Species distribution modeling may be a powerful tool for identifying areas at increased risk for disease presence and have important implications for disease surveillance systems.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract Background GWAS have identified several non-functional tagSNPs associated with severe malaria. We hypothesized that causal SNPs could play a significant role in severe malaria by altering promoter or enhancer activity. Here, we sought to identify such regulatory SNPs.Methods SNPs in linkage disequilibrium with tagSNPs associated with severe malaria were identified and were further annotated using FUMA. Then, SNPs were prioritized using IW-scoring method to identify regulatory ones. Gene reporter assays were performed to assess the regulatory effect of a region containing candidates. The association between SNPs and severe malaria was assessed using logistic regression models in a Senegalese cohort.Results Among 418 SNPs, the best candidates were rs116525449 and rs79644959, which were in full disequilibrium between them, and located within the ARL14 promoter. Our gene reporter assay results revealed that the region containing the SNPs exhibited cell-specific promoter or enhancer activity, while the SNPs influenced promoter activity. We detected an association between severe malaria and those two SNPs using the overdominance model and we replicated the association of severe malaria with the tagSNP rs116423146.Conclusions We suggest that these SNPs regulate ARL14 expression in immune cells and the presentation of antigens to T lymphocytes, thus influencing severe malaria development.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract Escherichia coli K1 is the leading cause of neonatal Gram-negative bacterial meningitis, but the pathogenesis of E. coli K1 meningitis remains unclear. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration is a crucial step in E. coli meningitis development. Here, we uncovered the crucial role of CsiR, a GntR family regulator, in E. coli K1 virulence. During infection, csiR expression was induced due to the derepression by Fur in the blood and human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs). CsiR positively regulated ilvB expression, which is associated with branched chain amino acid synthesis. Furthermore, we revealed that IlvB activated the FAK/PI3 K pathway of HBMECs to induce actin cytoskeleton rearrangements, thereby promoting the bacterial invasion and penetration of the BBB. Overall, this study reveals a CsiR-mediated virulence regulation pathway in E. coli K1, which may provide a useful target for the prevention or therapy of E. coli meningitis.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract Background SARS-CoV-2 antigen-detection rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) have become widely utilized but longitudinal characterization of their community-based performance remains incompletely understood.Methods This prospective longitudinal study at a large public university in Seattle, WA utilized remote enrollment, online surveys, and self-collected nasal swab specimens to evaluate Ag-RDT performance against real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) in the context of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron. Ag-RDT sensitivity and specificity within 1 day of rRT-PCR were evaluated by symptom status throughout the illness episode and Orf1b cycle threshold (Ct).Results From February to December 2022, 5,757 participants reported 17,572 Ag-RDT results and completed 12,674 rRT-PCR tests, of which 995 (7.9%) were rRT-PCR-positive. Overall sensitivity and specificity were 53.0% (95% CI: 49.6–56.4%) and 98.8% (98.5–99.0%), respectively. Sensitivity was comparatively higher for Ag-RDTs used 1 day after rRT-PCR (69.0%), 4 to 7 days post-symptom onset (70.1%), and Orf1b Ct ≤20 (82.7%). Serial Ag-RDT sensitivity increased with repeat testing ≥2 (68.5%) and ≥4 (75.8%) days after an initial Ag-RDT-negative result.Conclusion Ag-RDT performance varied by clinical characteristics and temporal testing patterns. Our findings support recommendations for serial testing following an initial Ag-RDT-negative result, especially among recently symptomatic persons or those at high-risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract Background Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 remains a problem globally. Malawi introduced 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in 2011, but there has been no direct protection against serotype 3 carriage. We explored whether vaccine escape by serotype 3 is due to clonal expansion of a lineage with a competitive advantage.Methods The distribution of serotype 3 Global Pneumococcal Sequence Clusters (GPSCs) and sequence types (STs) globally was assessed using sequences from the Global Pneumococcal Sequencing Project. Whole-genome sequences of 135 serotype 3 carriage isolates from Blantyre, Malawi (2015–2019) were analyzed. Comparative analysis of the capsule locus, entire genomes, antimicrobial resistance, and phylogenetic reconstructions were undertaken. Opsonophagocytosis was evaluated using serum samples from vaccinated adults and children.Results Serotype 3 GPSC10-ST700 isolates were most prominent in Malawi. Compared with the prototypical serotype 3 capsular polysaccharide locus sequence, 6 genes are absent, with retention of capsule polysaccharide biosynthesis. This lineage is characterized by increased antimicrobial resistance and lower susceptibility to opsonophagocytic killing.Conclusions A serotype 3 variant in Malawi has genotypic and phenotypic characteristics that could enhance vaccine escape and clonal expansion after post-PCV13 introduction. Genomic surveillance among high-burden populations is essential to improve the effectiveness of next-generation pneumococcal vaccines.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedPatrick D.J. Sturm, Noud T.H. Hermans, Adri G.M. van der Zanden, Cas J.A. Peters, Tanja Schülin
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
To investigate the prevalence of ampicillin resistance in H. influenzae and the diagnostic accuracy of the EUCAST recommended disc diffusion method to detect the increasingly prevalent ampicillin resistance due to the presence of PBP3 alterations based on mutations in the ftsI gene.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract Background There are abundant studies on COVID-19 but few on its impact on hepatitis E. We aimed to assess the effect of the COVID-19 countermeasures on the pattern of hepatitis E incidence and explore the application of time series models in analyzing this pattern. Methods Our pivotal idea was to fit a pre-COVID-19 model with data from before the COVID-19 outbreak and use the deviation between forecast values and actual values to reflect the effect of COVID-19 countermeasures. We analyzed the pattern of hepatitis E incidence in China from 2013 to 2018. We evaluated the fitting and forecasting capability of 3 methods before the COVID-19 outbreak. Furthermore, we employed these methods to construct pre-COVID-19 incidence models and compare post-COVID-19 forecasts with reality. Results Before the COVID-19 outbreak, the Chinese hepatitis E incidence pattern was overall stationary and seasonal, with a peak in March, a trough in October, and higher levels in winter and spring than in summer and autumn, annually. Nevertheless, post-COVID-19 forecasts from pre-COVID-19 models were extremely different from reality in sectional periods but congruous in others. Conclusions Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the Chinese hepatitis E incidence pattern has altered substantially, and the incidence has greatly decreased. The effect of the COVID-19 countermeasures on the pattern of hepatitis E incidence was temporary. The incidence of hepatitis E was anticipated to gradually revert to its pre-COVID-19 pattern.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract Background The burden of cervical cancer in Ghana is high due to a lack of a national screening and vaccination program. Geographical variations in high-risk Human Papilloma Virus incidence and type should be considered for vaccine improvement and screening in LMICs. Methods A descriptive, multi-center cross-sectional study with purposive sampling of cases with cervical cancer diagnosed from January 2012 through to December 2018 was employed relying on archived Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) tissues from four (4) Teaching Hospitals. Cervical cancers were assessed for histopathological features following WHO guidelines. In addition, the novel Tumour Budding and Nest Size Grade (TBNS) for SCC, SILVA pattern of invasion for EAC and Tumour Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) were assessed. High Risk HPV testing was performed using an isothermal, multiplex nucleic acid amplification method from ATILA biosystem (Mountain View California, USA). The FFPE blocks were tested for 15 hrHPV genotypes. Results were analyzed using SPSS v.26.0, with descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation and chi-square tests done with significance established at p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract Background This real-world study assessed the epidemiology and clinical complications of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) and recurrences (rCDIs) in hospital and community settings in Germany from 2015 − 2019. Methods An observational retrospective cohort study was conducted among adult patients diagnosed with CDI in hospital and community settings using statutory health insurance claims data from the BKK database. A cross-sectional approach was used to estimate the annual incidence rate of CDI and rCDI episodes per 100,000 insurants. Patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics were described at the time of first CDI episode. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the time to rCDIs and time to complications (colonic perforation, colectomy, loop ileostomy, toxic megacolon, ulcerative colitis, peritonitis, and sepsis). A Cox model was used to assess the risk of developing complications, with the number of rCDIs as a time-dependent covariate. Results A total of 15,402 CDI episodes were recorded among 11,884 patients. The overall incidence of CDI episodes declined by 38% from 2015 to 2019. Most patients (77%) were aged ≥ 65 years. Around 19% of CDI patients experienced at least one rCDI. The median time between index CDI episode to a rCDI was 20 days. The most frequent complication within 12-months of follow-up after the index CDI episode was sepsis (7.57%), followed by colectomy (3.20%). The rate of complications increased with the number of rCDIs. The risk of any complication increased by 31% with each subsequent rCDI (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.31, 95% confidence interval: 1.17;1.46). Conclusions CDI remains a public health concern in Germany despite a decline in the incidence over recent years. A substantial proportion of CDI patients experience rCDIs, which increase the risk of severe clinical complications. The results highlight an increasing need of improved therapeutic management of CDI, particularly efforts to prevent rCDI.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract Background The prevalence and distinction between first Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and reinfection with the Omicron variant among healthcare workers (HCWs) remain unclear. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at a hospital in Southern China. The study included 262 HCWs who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 between April and June 2023, with 101 cases of first infection and 161 ones of reinfection. Student’s t-test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Mann-Whitney U tests were used based on the distribution of quantitative variables. Pearson’s chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used based on the expected frequencies of categorical variables. Results The reinfection rate among HCWs was 11.5% (161/1406). The majority of the infected HCWs were female (212/262, 80.9%, first infection vs. reinfection: 76.2% vs. 83.9%). The nursing staff, had the highest percentage of SARS-CoV-2 infection (42.0%), especially of its reinfection (47.8%). Out of the 262 infected individuals, 257 had received SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, primarily inactivated vaccines (243/257, 91.1%). The first infection group, which received four doses (24, 23.8%), was significantly higher than that in the reinfection group (6, 3.7%) (P
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAlice Cortesi, Francesco Gandolfi, Fabiana Arco, Pierluigi Di Chiaro, Emanuele Valli, Sara Polletti, Roberta Noberini, Francesco Gualdrini, Sergio Attanasio, Francesca Citron, I-lin Ho, Rutvi Shah, Er-Yen Yen, Mara Cetty Spinella, Simona Ronzoni, Simona Rodighiero, Nico Mitro, Tiziana Bonaldi, Serena Ghisletti, Silvia Monticelli, Andrea Viale, Giuseppe Riccardo Diaferia, Gioacchino Natoli
Science Advances, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Julien Cayron, Thierry Oms, Tatjana Schlechtweg, Safia Zedek, Laurence Van Melderen
Science Advances, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Alison A. Chomiak, Rochelle L. Tiedemann, Yanqing Liu, Xiangqian Kong, Ying Cui, Ashley K. Wiseman, Kate E. Thurlow, Evan M. Cornett, Michael J. Topper, Stephen B. Baylin, Scott B. Rothbart
Science Advances, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Sangsin Lee, Seung Geun Song, Gwanghun Kim, Sehui Kim, Hyun Jung Yoo, Jaemoon Koh, Ye-Ji Kim, Jingwen Tian, Eunji Cho, Youn Soo Choi, Sunghoe Chang, Hyun Mu Shin, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Ji Hoon Kim, Tae Min Kim, Yoon Kyung Jeon, Hye Young Kim, Minho Shong, Ji Hyung Kim, Doo Hyun Chung
Science Advances, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Youssef A. S. Abdel-Moneim, Hussam Y. Alghamdi, Abdulaziz M. Alrashed, Amjad M. Jawhari, Suhaib M. M. Bukhari, Nirmeen M. M. Bukhari, Ahmed S. Abdel-Moneim
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
by Youssef A. S. Abdel-Moneim, Hussam Y. Alghamdi, Abdulaziz M. Alrashed, Amjad M. Jawhari, Suhaib M. M. Bukhari, Nirmeen M. M. Bukhari, Ahmed S. Abdel-Moneim
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedCarlo Polidori, Andrea Ferrari, Luigimaria Borruso, Paola Mattarelli, Maria Luisa Dindo, Monica Modesto, Marco Carrieri, Arianna Puggioli, Federico Ronchetti, Romeo Bellini
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
by Carlo Polidori, Andrea Ferrari, Luigimaria Borruso, Paola Mattarelli, Maria Luisa Dindo, Monica Modesto, Marco Carrieri, Arianna Puggioli, Federico Ronchetti, Romeo Bellini
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedErika Renzi, Valentina Baccolini, Antonio Covelli, Leonardo Maria Siena, Antonio Sciurti, Giuseppe Migliara, Azzurra Massimi, Carolina Marzuillo, Corrado De Vito, Leandro Casini, Antonio Angeloni, Ombretta Turriziani, Guido Antonelli, Fabrizio D’Alba, Antonella Polimeni, Collaborating Group, Paolo Villari
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
by Erika Renzi, Valentina Baccolini, Antonio Covelli, Leonardo Maria Siena, Antonio Sciurti, Giuseppe Migliara, Azzurra Massimi, Carolina Marzuillo, Corrado De Vito, Leandro Casini, Antonio Angeloni, Ombretta Turriziani, Guido Antonelli, Fabrizio D’Alba, Antonella Polimeni, Collaborating Group , Paolo Villari Background During the SARS-CoV-2 testing program offered through the RT-PCR test by Sapienza University of Rome, we conducted a test-negative case-control study to identify risk factors for acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection among university students. Methods Each SARS-CoV-2-positive case detected was matched to two controls randomly selected from students who tested negative on the same day. 122 positive students and 244 negative students were enrolled in the study. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were built. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. A second model was limited to students who had attended campus. Results Out of 8223 tests for SARS-CoV-2, 173 students tested positive (2.1%), of whom 122 (71.5%) were included in the case-control study. In the first analysis, being a non-Italian student (aOR: 8.93, 95% CI: 2.71–29.41), having received only the primary vaccination course (aOR: 2.94, 95% CI: 1.24–6.96) compared to the booster dose, known exposure to a COVID-19 case or someone with signs/symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 (aOR: 6.51, 95% CI: 3.48–12.18), and visiting discos (aOR: 4.07, 95% CI: 1.52–10.90) in the two weeks before testing increased the likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conversely, students attending in-person lectures on campus seemed less likely to become infected (aOR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15–0.77). No association was found with other variables. The results of the second model were comparable to the first analysis. Conclusions This study indicates that if universities adopt strict prevention measures, it is safe for students to attend, even in the case of an infectious disease epidemic.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLeann Blake, Patricia Tucker, Leigh M. Vanderloo
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
by Leann Blake, Patricia Tucker, Leigh M. Vanderloo Screen time for children under 5 is associated with various health risks. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, screen use among young children increased significantly. Mothers were more likely than fathers to be the primary caregivers and disproportionally assumed the responsibility of monitoring their children’s screen time. Several studies have examined children’s screen use throughout the pandemic; however, few have addressed mothers’ experiences. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate mothers’ perceptions regarding the barriers and facilitators faced when trying to reduce their child’s pandemic screen time, as expressed on Reddit (a social media platform for anonymous discussion and information sharing). Two subreddit forums targeted toward mothers, \'mommit\' and \'beyondthebump,\' with 646,000 and 554,000 users, respectively, were examined. Posts were collected using related search terms and screened for inclusion by three independent researchers. Inductive thematic content analysis was leveraged to identify themes. In total, 582 posts were reviewed from March 14th, 2020, to August 31st, 2022. Qualitative analysis yielded 5 themes; 6 barriers and 2 facilitators were derived from themes and/or subthemes, where applicable. Results suggest that mothers faced barriers when trying to reduce their child’s screen time, including their competing work and in-home obligations, using screens to occupy their child during travel, child screen use with other caregivers, offering their child screen time while they needed rest, pandemic changes in routine, and using screens to encourage their child to engage in necessary behaviours. However, facilitating factors, including advice received from other mothers on how to reduce their child’s screen time and the sharing of non-screen alternatives supported mothers in lowering their children’s screen time. These results are important for future interventions, which may utilize the conclusions of this study to address what mothers perceive to be helping or hindering them, thus empowering mothers to successfully limit their children’s screen time.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAbhishek Padhi, Ashwini Agarwal, Mayuri Bhise, Anil Chaudhary, Krupal Joshi, C. D. S. Katoch
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
by Abhishek Padhi, Ashwini Agarwal, Mayuri Bhise, Anil Chaudhary, Krupal Joshi, C. D. S. Katoch Background Tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a significant public health challenge in India, which is home to one of the highest TB burdens worldwide. This systematic review and meta-analysis will aim to synthesize the anticipated progress and potential challenges in achieving TB elimination in India by 2025. Methods A comprehensive search will be conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, to identify relevant studies. The eligibility criteria will encompass individuals diagnosed with TB in India, interventions targeting TB treatment, prevention, or control, and various comparator groups. Outcomes of interest will include incidence reduction, mortality rate, treatment success rate, barriers to TB care, and more. Both quantitative and qualitative data will be synthesized, and the risk of bias will be assessed using established tools. Outcomes The review is expected to provide a holistic understanding of the TB landscape in India, highlighting the effective interventions and potential challenges in the journey towards TB elimination. Conclusions While it is anticipated that significant progress will be made in the fight against TB in India, challenges are likely to persist. This review will offer a comprehensive roadmap for researchers, policymakers, and healthcare professionals, emphasizing the importance of continued efforts, innovative strategies, and a multi-pronged approach in achieving the goal of TB elimination in India by 2025.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJelena Dimnjaković, Tamara Buble, Pero Ivanko, Tamara Poljičanin, Sandra Karanović Štambuk, Hana Brborović, Ognjen Brborović
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
by Jelena Dimnjaković, Tamara Buble, Pero Ivanko, Tamara Poljičanin, Sandra Karanović Štambuk, Hana Brborović, Ognjen Brborović Introduction Patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and chronic kidney disease (T2DM-CKD) have a 5 times higher risk of developing severe SARS-CoV-2 infection than those without these 2 diseases. The goal of this study is to provide information on T2DM-CKD and COVID-19 outcomes, with an emphasis on the association with anti-diabetic medications. Methodology Study is designed as a retrospective cohort analysis covering the years 2020 and 2021. Data from the National Diabetes Registry (CroDiab) were linked to hospital data, primary healthcare data, Causes of Death Registry data, the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination database, and the SARS-CoV-2 test results database. Study outcomes were cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity, COVID-19 hospitalizations, and COVID-19 deaths. For outcome predictors, logistic regression models were developed. Results Of 231 796 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in the database, 7 539 were T2DM-CKD (3.25%). The 2-year cumulative incidences of all three studies’ outcomes were higher in T2DM-CKD than in diabetes patients without CKD (positivity 18.1% vs. 14.4%; hospitalization 9.7% vs. 4.2%; death 3.3% vs. 1.1%, all p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLaura A. Bray, Lori L. Jervis, Amanda E. Janitz, Laura Ross, Gloria Tallbull, Timothy M. VanWagoner, the CATCH-UP Vaccines Team
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
by Laura A. Bray, Lori L. Jervis, Amanda E. Janitz, Laura Ross, Gloria Tallbull, Timothy M. VanWagoner, the CATCH-UP Vaccines Team Prior research identifies trust as critical to increase vaccine acceptance and uptake. However, few intervention studies have sought to develop or test strategies for bolstering vaccine-related trust. To address this gap, this exploratory study identifies features of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy interventions that can promote or undermine trust across three interconnected domains: institutional, interpersonal, and product (the vaccine itself). We draw on focus groups (N = 27 participants) with community and university partners involved with hosting COVID-19 testing and vaccine events in underserved Oklahoma communities. Focus groups explored participants’ experiences serving community health needs and elicited feedback on proposed vaccine hesitancy interventions. Proposed interventions included two technology-based strategies (text message reminders and tablet-based testimonials and education) and one dialogue-based strategy (anti-body test interpretation). We find that community partners perceived local universities as trustworthy institutions because of their association with popular sports programs, academic credentials, and proximity, creating opportunities to address vaccine-related distrust through community-university partnerships. The most promising intervention strategies for building interpersonal trust included engaging in one-on-one dialogue and using autonomy enhancing approaches. Finally, interventions that successfully encouraged vaccine trust did so by incorporating personalized health information about individuals’ potential level of protection and susceptibility to the COVID-19 virus. These findings can inform future public health efforts to create trustworthy vaccine hesitancy interventions.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMonique Matsuda, Rafael André da Silva, Vinicius Moraes de Paiva Roda, Mônica Valéria Marquezini, Mário Luiz Ribeiro Monteiro, Dânia Emi Hamassaki
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
by Monique Matsuda, Rafael André da Silva, Vinicius Moraes de Paiva Roda, Mônica Valéria Marquezini, Mário Luiz Ribeiro Monteiro, Dânia Emi Hamassaki Anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) drugs such as aflibercept (AFL) and bevacizumab (BVZ) inhibit pathological neo-angiogenesis and vascular permeability in retinal vascular diseases. As cytokines and growth factors are produced by Müller glial cells under stressful and pathological conditions, we evaluated the in vitro effect of AFL (Eylea®, 0.5 mg/mL) and BVZ (Avastin®, 0.5 mg/mL) on cell viability/metabolism, and cytokine/growth factor production by Müller cells (MIO-M1) under cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-induced hypoxia after 24h, 48h and 72h. Cell viability/metabolism were analyzed by Trypan Blue and MTT assays and cytokine/growth factors in supernatants by Luminex xMAP-based multiplex bead-based immunoassay. Cell viability increased with AFL at 48h and 72h and decreased with BVZ or hypoxia at 24h. BVZ-treated cells showed lower cell viability than AFL at all exposure times. Cell metabolism increased with AFL but decreased with BVZ (72h) and hypoxia (48h and72h). As expected, AFL and BVZ decreased VEGF levels. AFL increased PDGF-BB, IL-6 and TNF-α (24h) and BVZ increased PDGF-BB (72h). Hypoxia reduced IL-1β, -6, -8, TNF-α and PDGF-BB at 24h, and its suppressive effect was more prominent than AFL (EGF, PDGF-BB, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) and BVZ (PDGF-BB and IL-6) effects. Hypoxia increased bFGF levels at 48h and 72h, even when combined with anti-VEGFs. However, the stimulatory effect of BVZ predominated over hypoxia for IL-8 and TNF-α (24h), as well as for IL-1β (72h). Thus, AFL and BVZ exhibit distinct exposure times effects on MIO-M1 cells viability, metabolism, and cytokines/growth factors. Hypoxia and BVZ decreased MIO-M1 cell viability/metabolism, whereas AFL likely induced gliosis. Hypoxia resulted in immunosuppression, and BVZ stimulated inflammation in hypoxic MIO-M1 cells. These findings highlight the complexity of the cellular response as well as the interplay between anti-VEGF treatments and the hypoxic microenvironment.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedTijan Jobarteh, Jacob Otu, Ensa Gitteh, Francis S. Mendy, Tutty Isatou Faal-Jawara, Boatema Ofori-Anyinam, Binta Sarr, Abi Janet Riley, Abigail Ayorinde, Bouke C. de Jong, Beate Kampmann, Ousman Secka, Florian Gehre
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
by Tijan Jobarteh, Jacob Otu, Ensa Gitteh, Francis S. Mendy, Tutty Isatou Faal-Jawara, Boatema Ofori-Anyinam, Binta Sarr, Abi Janet Riley, Abigail Ayorinde, Bouke C. de Jong, Beate Kampmann, Ousman Secka, Florian Gehre Background Mycobacterium tuberculosis culturing remains the gold standard for laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis remains a great public health problem in developing countries like The Gambia, as most of the methods currently used for bacterial isolation are either time-consuming or costly. Objective To evaluate the Kudoh swab method in a West African setting in Gambia, with a particular focus on the method’s performance when culturing Mycobacterium africanum West Africa 2 (MAF2) isolates. Method 75 sputum samples were collected in the Greater Banjul Area and decontaminated in parallel with both the standard N-acetyl-L-Cysteine-NaOH (NALC-NaOH) and the Kudoh swab method in the TB diagnostics laboratory in the Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia between 30th December 2017 and 25th February 2018. These samples were subsequently cultured on standard Löwenstein-Jensen and Modified Ogawa media respectively and incubated at 37°C for mycobacterial growth. Spoligotyping was done to determine if the decontamination and culture methods compared could equally detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium africanum West Africa 1 and Mycobacterium africanum West Africa 2. Result Among the 50 smear positives, 35 (70%) were culture-positive with Kudoh and 32 (64%) were culture positive with NALC-NaOH, whilst 7(28%) of the 25 smear negative samples were culture positive with both methods (Table 2). There was no significant difference in recovery between both methods (McNemar’s test, p-value = 0.7003), suggesting that the overall positivity rate between the two methods is comparable. There were no differences in time-to-positivity or contamination rate between the methods. However, Kudoh yielded positive cultures that were negative on LJ and vice versa. All findings were irrespective of mycobacterial lineages. Conclusion The Kudoh method has comparable sensitivity to the NALC-NaOH method for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates. It is easy to perform and could be an add on option for mycobacterial culture in the field in The Gambia, since it requires less biosafety equipment.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMalaria Journal, 27.03.2024
Tilføjet 27.03.2024
Abstract Background The Magude Project assessed the feasibility of eliminating malaria in Magude district, a low transmission setting in southern Mozambique, using a package of interventions, including long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). As the efficacy of LLINs depends in part on their physical integrity, this metric was quantified for Olyset® Nets post mass-distribution, in addition to net use, care and handling practices and other risk factors associated with net physical integrity. Methods Nets were collected during a cross-sectional net evaluation, nine months after the Magude project commenced, which was 2 years after the nets were distributed by the National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP). The physical integrity of the nets was assessed by counting and sizing the holes at different positions on each net. A structured questionnaire was administered to assess how the selected net was used and treated (care, wash and repair). Net bio-efficacy was assessed following the standard World Health Organization (WHO) cone bioassay procedures. Results Out of the 170 Olyset® Nets included in the analysis, 63.5% had been used the night before. The main reason for not using a net was the notion that there were no mosquitoes present. The average number of people using each net was 1.79. Two thirds of the nets had only been washed once or twice since distribution. Most nets (80.9%) were holed and 18% were torn, but none of the risk factors were significantly associated with net integrity, except for presence of mice in the household. Less than half of the participants noticed holes in holed nets, and of those only 38.6% attempted to repair those. None of the six nets that were tested for bio-efficacy passed the WHO threshold of 80% mosquito mortality. Conclusion Overall the majority of Olyset® Nets were in serviceable condition two years post-distribution, but their insecticidal effect may have been lost. This study—together with previous evidence on suboptimal access to and use of LLINs in Magude district—highlights that LLINs as an intervention could have been optimized during the Magude project to achieve maximum intervention impact.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMalaria Journal, 27.03.2024
Tilføjet 27.03.2024
Abstract Background Anopheles vagus (subgenus Cellia) has been identified as a vector for malaria, filariasis, and Japanese encephalitis in Asia. Sporozoites of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax have been found in this zoophilic mosquito in Asia and Indonesia. This study systematically reviews publications regarding An. vagus species, variation, bio-ecology, and malaria transmission in various localities in Asia, especially Indonesia, to determine whether the current data support An. vagus as a species complex. Methods The databases Pubmed, Scopus, Europe PMC, and Proquest were searched to identify information regarding the morphology, karyotypes, polytene chromosome, cross-mating, ecology, and molecular identification of An. vagus was then evaluated to determine whether there were possible species complexes. Results Of the 1326 articles identified, 15 studies were considered for synthesis. The Anopheles spp. samples for this study came from Asia. Eleven studies used morphology to identify An. vagus, with singular studies using each of karyotype identification, chromosomal polytene identification, and cross-breeding experiments. Ten studies used molecular techniques to identify Anopheles spp., including An. vagus. Most studies discovered morphological variations of An. vagus either in the same or different areas and ecological settings. In this review, the members of An. vagus sensu lato grouped based on morphology (An. vagus, An. vagus vagus, An. vagus limosus, and An. limosus), karyotyping (form A and B), and molecular (An. vagus genotype A and B, An. vagus AN4 and AN5). Genetic analysis revealed a high conservation of the ITS2 fragment among members except for the An. vagus genotype B, which was, in fact, Anopheles sundaicus. This review also identified that An. vagus limosus and An. vagus vagus were nearly identical to the ITS2 sequence. Conclusion Literature review studies revealed that An. vagus is conspecific despite the distinct morphological characteristic of An. vagus and An. limosus. Further information using another barcoding tool, such as mitochondrial COI and ND6 and experimental cross-mating between the An. vagus and An. limosus may provide additional evidence for the status of An. vagus as a species complex.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAdam J. LewisAmanda C. RichardsAlejandra A. MendezBijaya K. DhakalTiffani A. JonesJamie L. SundsbakDanelle S. EtoAlexis A. RousekMatthew A. Mulvey1Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA2School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA3Henry Eyring Center for Cell & Genome Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, Andreas J. Bäumler
Infection and Immunity, 27.03.2024
Tilføjet 27.03.2024
Lindsay E. CleggOleg StepanovHenning SchmidtWeifeng TangHuixia ZhangChris WebberTaylor S. CohenMark T. EsserMats Någård1Clinical Pharmacology and Quantitative Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA2Clinical Pharmacology and Quantitative Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom3IntiQuan GmBH, Basel, Switzerland4Clinical Development, Vaccines and Immune Therapies, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom5Vaccines & Immune Therapies, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, Miguel Angel Martinez
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 27.03.2024
Tilføjet 27.03.2024
Maria Vittoria CossuAntonio D'AvolioCristina GervasoniAndrea GiacomelliDario CattaneoDavide Moschese1Department of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy2Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, James E. Leggett
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 27.03.2024
Tilføjet 27.03.2024
Praharshinie RupasingheAzka AshrafNadia BarredaShafiqua ParveenMuhammad ZubairRoger CalderonSunil AsifNilma HiraniLayila ChingisovaAtang BulanePham Thu HangDoan Thu HaElisa ArdizzoniNazia KursheedWillem Bram De RijkLeen RigoutsLorenzo GuglielmettiCarol MitnickBouke C. de Jong1Unit of Mycobacteriology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium2Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium3The Indus Hospital laboratory, Karachi, Pakistan4Socios en Salud, Lima, Peru5Department of Microbiology, Sir JJ Hospital, Mumbai, India6National Tuberculosis Reference Lab, Almaty, Kazakhstan7Center for Tuberculosis, National Institute of Communicable Diseases, Mohakhali, South Africa8Regional Tuberculosis Reference Lab, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam9National Tuberculosis Reference Lab, Hanoi, Vietnam10Medical Department, MSF, Paris, France11Sorbonne University, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (Cimi-Paris), Paris, France12AP-HP, Bactériologie-Hygiène, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre National de Référence des Mycobactéries, Paris, France13Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA14Partners In Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA15Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, Sean Wasserman
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 27.03.2024
Tilføjet 27.03.2024
Kelong Han1Clinical Pharmacology Modeling & Simulation, GSK, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA, James E. Leggett
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 27.03.2024
Tilføjet 27.03.2024
Geert V.T. Roozen, Manon L.M. Prins, Corine Prins, Jacqueline J. Janse, Heidi L.M. de Gruyter, Cilia R. Pothast, Wesley Huisman, Jan Pieter R. Koopman, Olivia A.C. Lamers, Marjan Kuijer, Sebenzile K. Myeni, Rob S. van Binnendijk, Gerco den Hartog, Mirjam H.M. Heemskerk, Simon P. Jochems, Mariet C.W. Feltkamp, Marjolein Kikkert, Frits R. Rosendaal, Meta Roestenberg, Leo G. Visser, Anna H.E. Roukens
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 27.03.2024
Tilføjet 27.03.2024
The aim of this study was to assess safety and immunogenicity of a dose-sparing fractional intradermal (ID) booster strategy with the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBevin Manuelpillai, Mackenzie Zendt, Emma Chang-Rabley, Emily E. Ricotta
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 27.03.2024
Tilføjet 27.03.2024
Immune-deficient/disordered people (IDP) are underrepresented in COVID-19 studies. Specifically, there is limited research on post-SARS-CoV-2 infection outcomes, including viral persistence and long-term sequelae in these populations.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedSean W.X. Ong, Jin Luo, Daniel J. Fridman, Samantha M. Lee, Jennie Johnstone, Kevin L. Schwartz, Christina Diong, Samir N. Patel, Derek MacFadden, Bradley Langford, Steven Y.C. Tong, Kevin A. Brown, Nick Daneman
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 27.03.2024
Tilføjet 27.03.2024
The utility of follow-up blood cultures (FUBCs) in patients with Gram-negative bloodstream infection (GN-BSI) is controversial. Observational studies have suggested significant mortality benefit, but may be limited by single-center designs, immortal time bias, and residual confounding. We examined the impact of FUBCs on mortality in patients with GN-BSI in a retrospective population-wide cohort study in Ontario, Canada.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJebiwott, S., Gutapaka, N., Sumari, D., Loss, G., Athuman, T., Nyandele, J. P., Cummins, H., Chemba, M., Benjamin-Chung, J., Gangar, P., Wu, X., Smith, J., Chen, I., Dorsey, G., Fink, G., Olotu, A., Hsiang, M.
BMJ Open, 27.03.2024
Tilføjet 27.03.2024
IntroductionAs malaria declines, low-density malaria infections (LMIs) represent an increasing proportion of infections and may have negative impacts on child health and cognition, necessitating development of targeted and effective solutions. This trial assesses the health, cognitive and socioeconomic impact of two strategies for detecting and treating LMI in a low transmission setting. Methods and analysisThe study is a 3-arm open-label individually randomised controlled trial enrolling 600 children aged 6 months to 10 years in Bagamoyo district, Tanzania. Children are randomised to one of three arms: active case detection with molecular (ACDm) testing by high volume quantitative PCR (qPCR), passive case detection also with molecular testing (PCDm) and a control of standard PCD using rapid diagnostics tests (RDTs). Over the 2-year trial, ACDm participants receive malaria testing using RDT and qPCR three times annually, and malaria testing by RDT only when presenting with fever. PCDm and PCD participants receive malaria testing by RDT and qPCR or RDT only, respectively, when presenting with fever. RDT or qPCR positive participants with uncomplicated malaria are treated with artemether lumefantrine. The primary outcome is cumulative incidence of all-cause sick visits. Secondary outcomes include fever episodes, clinical failure after fever episodes, adverse events, malaria, non-malarial infection, antibiotic use, anaemia, growth faltering, cognition and attention, school outcomes, immune responses, and socioeconomic effects. Outcomes are assessed through monthly clinical assessments and testing, and baseline and endline neurodevelopmental testing. The trial is expected to provide key evidence and inform policy on health, cognitive and socioeconomic impact of interventions targeting LMI in children. Ethics and disseminationStudy is approved by Tanzania NatHREC and institutional review boards at University of California San Francisco and Ifakara Health Institute. Findings will be reported on ClinicalTrials.gov, in peer-reviewed journals and through stakeholder meetings. Trial registration number NCT05567016.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAnushka C. WickramaratneSue WicknerAndrea N. Kravats1Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA2Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA, Corrella S. Detweiler
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 27.03.2024
Tilføjet 27.03.2024
Amy R. Rappaport, Chrisann Kyi, Monica Lane, Meghan G. Hart, Melissa L. Johnson, Brian S. Henick, Chih-Yi Liao, Amit Mahipal, Ardaman Shergill, Alexander I. Spira, Jonathan W. Goldman, Ciaran D. Scallan, Desiree Schenk, Christine D. Palmer, Matthew J. Davis, Sonia Kounlavouth, Lindsey Kemp, Aaron Yang, Yaojun John Li, Molly Likes, Annie Shen, Gregory R. Boucher, Milana Egorova, Robert L. Veres, J. Aaron Espinosa, Jason R. Jaroslavsky, Lauren D. Kraemer Tardif, Lindsey Acrebuche, Christopher Puccia, Leiliane Sousa, Rita Zhou, Kyounghwa Bae, J. Randolph Hecht, David P. Carbone, Benny Johnson, Andrew Allen, Andrew R. Ferguson, Karin Jooss
Nature, 27.03.2024
Tilføjet 27.03.2024
Karen O’Leary
Nature, 27.03.2024
Tilføjet 27.03.2024