47 ud af 47 tidsskrifter valgt, søgeord (covid-19) valgt, emner højest 180 dage gamle, sorteret efter nyeste først.
1074 emner vises.
1051
Feasibility of linking universal child and family healthcare and financial counselling: findings from the Australian Healthier Wealthier Families (HWF) mixed-methods study
Price, A. M. H., White, N., Burley, J., Zhu, A., Contreras-Suarez, D., Wang, S., Stone, M., Trotter, K., Mrad, M., Caldwell, J., Bishop, R., Chota, S., Bui, L., Sanger, D., Roles, R., Watts, A., Samir, N., Grace, R., Raman, S., Kemp, L., Lingam, R., Eapen, V., Woolfenden, S., Goldfeld, S.
BMJ Open, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
Objectives‘Healthier Wealthier Families’ (HWF) seeks to reduce financial hardship in the early years by embedding a referral pathway between Australia’s universal child and family health (CFH) services and financial counselling. This pilot study investigated the feasibility and short-term impacts of HWF, adapted from a successful Scottish initiative. MethodsSetting: CFH services in five sites across two states, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants: Caregivers of children aged 0–5 years experiencing financial hardship (study-designed screen). Design: Mixed methods. With limited progress using a randomised trial (RCT) design in sites 1–3 (March 2020–November 2021), qualitative interviews with service providers identified implementation barriers including stigma, lack of knowledge of financial counselling, low financial literacy, research burden and pandemic disruption. This informed a simplified RCT protocol (site 4) and direct referral model (no randomisation, pre–post evaluation, site 5) (June 2021–May 2022). Intervention: financial counselling; comparator: usual care (sites 1–4). Feasibility measures: proportions of caregivers screened, enrolled, followed up and who accessed financial counselling. Impact measures: finances (quantitative) and other (qualitative) to 6 months post-enrolment. Results355/434 caregivers completed the screen (60%–100% across sites). In RCT sites (1–4), 79/365 (19%–41%) reported hardship but less than one-quarter enrolled. In site 5, n=66/69 (96%) caregivers reported hardship and 44/66 (67%) engaged with financial counselling; common issues were utility debts (73%), and obtaining entitlements (43%) or material aid/emergency relief (27%). Per family, financial counselling increased income from government entitlements by an average $A6504 annually plus $A784 from concessions, grants, brokerage and debt waivers. Caregivers described benefits (qualitative) including reduced stress, practical help, increased knowledge and empowerment. ConclusionsFinancial hardship screening via CFH was acceptable to caregivers, direct referral was feasible, but individual randomisation was infeasible. Larger-scale implementation will require careful, staged adaptations where CFH populations and the intervention are well matched and low burden evaluation. Trial registration numberACTRN12620000154909.
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1052
Environmental factors of food insecurity in adolescents: A scoping review protocol
Laura Capitán-Moyano, Nerea Cañellas-Iniesta, María Arias-Fernández, Miquel Bennasar-Veny, Aina M. Yáñez, Enrique Castro-Sánchez
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
by Laura Capitán-Moyano, Nerea Cañellas-Iniesta, María Arias-Fernández, Miquel Bennasar-Veny, Aina M. Yáñez, Enrique Castro-Sánchez Food insecurity in recent years has increased worldwide due to many planetary events such as the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical conflicts, the climate crisis, and globalization of markets. Adolescents are a particularly vulnerable group to food insecurity, as they enter adulthood with less parental supervision and greater personal autonomy, but less legislative or institutional protection. The experience of food insecurity in adolescents is influenced by several environmental factors at different levels (interpersonal, organizational, community, and societal), although they are not usually addressed in the design of interventions, prioritizing the individual behavioural factors. We present a scoping review protocol for assessing and identifying the environmental factors that could influence adolescents’ food insecurity. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and the PRISMA guidelines for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) to prepare the protocol. The search strategy will be performed in the following databases: Pubmed/Medline, EMBASE, Biblioteca Virtual de Salud, EBSCOHost, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library Plus. The reference list of the included studies will also be hand-searched. Grey literature will be search through the electronic database Grey Literature Report, and local, provincial, national, and international organisations’ websites. Assessment of eligibility after screening of titles, abstract and full text, and the resolution of discrepancies will be performed by three independent reviewers. This scoping review will contribute to refine the “logic model of the problem” which constitutes the first step in the intervention mapping protocol. The “logic model of the problem” from the intervention mapping protocol will serve to classify and analyse the environmental factors. The findings from this review will be presented to relevant stakeholders that have a role in shaping the environmental factors.
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1053
Heavy-tailed distributions of confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths in spatiotemporal space
Peng Liu, Yanyan Zheng
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
by Peng Liu, Yanyan Zheng This paper conducts a systematic statistical analysis of the characteristics of the geographical empirical distributions for the numbers of both cumulative and daily confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths at county, city, and state levels over a time span from January 2020 to June 2022. The mathematical heavy-tailed distributions can be used for fitting the empirical distributions observed in different temporal stages and geographical scales. The estimations of the shape parameter of the tail distributions using the Generalized Pareto Distribution also support the observations of the heavy-tailed distributions. According to the characteristics of the heavy-tailed distributions, the evolution course of the geographical empirical distributions can be divided into three distinct phases, namely the power-law phase, the lognormal phase I, and the lognormal phase II. These three phases could serve as an indicator of the severity degree of the COVID-19 pandemic within an area. The empirical results suggest important intrinsic dynamics of a human infectious virus spread in the human interconnected physical complex network. The findings extend previous empirical studies and could provide more strict constraints for current mathematical and physical modeling studies, such as the SIR model and its variants based on the theory of complex networks.
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1054
A cohort study on the biochemical and haematological parameters of Italian blood donors as possible risk factors of COVID-19 infection and severe disease in the pre- and post-Omicron period
Chiara Marraccini, Lucia Merolle, Davide Schiroli, Agnese Razzoli, Gaia Gavioli, Barbara Iotti, Roberto Baricchi, Marta Ottone, Pamela Mancuso, Paolo Giorgi Rossi
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
by Chiara Marraccini, Lucia Merolle, Davide Schiroli, Agnese Razzoli, Gaia Gavioli, Barbara Iotti, Roberto Baricchi, Marta Ottone, Pamela Mancuso, Paolo Giorgi Rossi To investigate the association between biochemical and blood parameters collected before the pandemic in a large cohort of Italian blood donors with the risk of infection and severe disease. We also focused on the differences between the pre- and post-Omicron spread in Italy (i.e., pre- and post-January 01, 2022) on the observed associations. We conducted an observational cohort study on 13750 blood donors was conducted using data archived up to 5 years before the pandemic. A t-test or chi-squared test was used to compare differences between groups. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Subgroup analyses stratified by sex, age and epidemic phase of first infection (pre- and post-Omicron spread) were examined. We confirmed a protective effect of groups B and O, while groups A and AB had a higher likelihood of infection and severe disease. However, these associations were only significant in the pre-Omicron period. We found an opposite behavior after Omicron spread, with the O phenotype having a higher probability of infection. When stratified by variant, A antigen appeared to protect against Omicron infection, whereas it was associated with an increased risk of infection by earlier variants. We were able to stratify for the SARS CoV-2 dominant variant, which revealed a causal association between blood group and probability of infection, as evidenced by the strong effect modification observed between the pre- and post-Omicron spread. The mechanism by which group A acts on the probability of infection should consider this strong effect modification.
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1055
The CLoCk study: A retrospective exploration of loneliness in children and young people during the COVID-19 pandemic, in England
Kelsey McOwat, Snehal M. Pinto Pereira, Manjula D. Nugawela, Shamez N. Ladhani, Fiona Newlands, Terence Stephenson, Ruth Simmons, Malcolm G. Semple, Terry Segal, Marta Buszewicz, Isobel Heyman, Trudie Chalder, Tamsin Ford, Emma Dalrymple, Consortium, Roz Shafran
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
by Kelsey McOwat, Snehal M. Pinto Pereira, Manjula D. Nugawela, Shamez N. Ladhani, Fiona Newlands, Terence Stephenson, Ruth Simmons, Malcolm G. Semple, Terry Segal, Marta Buszewicz, Isobel Heyman, Trudie Chalder, Tamsin Ford, Emma Dalrymple, Consortium , Roz Shafran Background During the COVID-19 pandemic children and young people (CYP) were socially restricted during a stage of life crucial to development, potentially putting an already vulnerable population at higher risk of loneliness, social isolation, and poorer wellbeing. The objectives of this study are to conduct an exploratory analysis into loneliness before and during the pandemic, and determine which self-reported factors are associated with loneliness. Methods and findings Participants from The Children with Long COVID (CLoCk) national study were invited to take part via an online survey, with a total of 31,017 participants taking part, 31,016 of which reported on their experience of loneliness. Participants retrospectively answered questions on demographics, lifestyle, physical health and mental health and loneliness before the pandemic and at the time of answering the survey. Before the pandemic 6.5% (2,006/31,016) of participants reported experiencing loneliness “Often/Always” and at the time of survey completion 17.4% (5,395/31,016) reported feeling lonelier. There was an association between meeting the research definition of long COVID and loneliness [3.49 OR, 95%CI 3.28–3.72]. CYP who reported feeling lonelier at the time of the survey than before the pandemic were assigned female at birth, older CYP, those from Black/African/Caribbean/Black British or other ethnicity groups, those that had 3–4 siblings and lived in more deprived areas. Conclusions We demonstrate associations between multiple factors and experiences of loneliness during the pandemic. There is a need for a multi-faceted integrated approach when developing interventions targeted at loneliness. It is important to follow up the CYP involved at regular intervals to investigate the progression of their experience of loneliness over time.
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1056
Long COVID Linked With Viral Persistence, Serotonin Decline
Journal of the American Medical Association, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
A study linking viral infection with reduced levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in learning, memory, and mood, has proposed a new potential mechanism underlying post–COVID-19 condition. Also known as long COVID, the condition involves symptoms such as fatigue, memory loss, and cognitive impairment.
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1057
Audit Finds US National Stockpile “Was Not Equipped” for the Pandemic
Journal of the American Medical Association, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
Although the US Strategic National Stockpile—a collection of medications, medical devices, and vaccines, among other tools—distributed supplies such as personal protective equipment within the first 3 months of 2020, its ability to respond effectively to the COVID-19 pandemic fell short due to internal and external factors, according to an audit conducted by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Office of Inspector General. Due to these factors, “the Stockpile could not meet demand and was not equipped to handle the COVID-19 pandemic,” the investigators concluded.
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1058
HRSA Study: US Abortions Decreased 14% During COVID-19
Journal of the American Medical Association, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
Although the rates of medical abortions were similar before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the rate of procedural abortions fell by 31%, according to commercial insurance reimbursement data from about 17 500 abortions. The study was funded by the federal Health Resources and Services Administration.
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1059
Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 pandemic-related home confinement on the refractive error of school-aged children in Germany: a cross-sectional study based on data from 414 eye care professional centres
Sanz Diez, P., Ohlendorf, A., Barraza-Bernal, M. J., Kratzer, T., Wahl, S.
BMJ Open, 21.11.2023
Tilføjet 21.11.2023
ObjectiveThis study aimed at evaluating refractive changes in German school-aged children before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. DesignCross-sectional study. Setting414 eye care professional centres from Germany. ParticipantsRefractive data from 59 926 German children aged 6–15 years were examined over a 7-year period (2015–2021). Primary and secondary outcome measuresSpherical equivalent refraction was assessed as a function of year, age and gender. The refractive values concerning 2020 and 2021 were compared with those assigned to prior years (2015–2019). ResultsThe refractive data associated with 2020 and 2021 showed a myopic refractive shift of approximately –0.20D compared with the 2015–2019 range. The refractive change was statistically considerable in the 6 to 11-year range (p
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1060
Forecast of peak infection and estimate of excess deaths in COVID-19 transmission and prevalence in Taiyuan City, 2022 to 2023
Infectious Disease Modelling, 19.11.2023
Tilføjet 19.11.2023
Publication date: Available online 18 November 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Jia-Lin Wang, Xin-Long Xiao, Fen-Fen Zhang, Xin Pei, Ming-Tao Li, Ju-Ping Zhang, Juan Zhang, Gui-Quan Sun
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1061
The importance of increasing primary vaccinations against COVID-19 in Europe
Infectious Disease Modelling, 17.11.2023
Tilføjet 17.11.2023
Publication date: Available online 17 November 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Eugenio Valdano
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1062
Modeling vaccination strategies with limited early COVID-19 vaccine access in low- and middle-income countries: A case study of Thailand
Infectious Disease Modelling, 16.11.2023
Tilføjet 16.11.2023
Publication date: Available online 15 November 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Suparinthon Anupong, Tanakorn Chantanasaro, Chaiwat Wilasang, Natcha C. Jitsuk, Chayanin Sararat, Kan Sornbundit, Busara Pattanasiri, Dhammika Leshan Wannigama, Mohan Amarasiri, Sudarat Chadsuthi, Charin Modchang
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1063
An agent-based model with antibody dynamics information in COVID-19 epidemic simulation
Infectious Disease Modelling, 10.11.2023
Tilføjet 10.11.2023
Publication date: Available online 10 November 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Zhaobin Xu, Jian Song, Weidong Liu, Dongqing Wei
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1064
Wastewater surveillance provides 10-days forecasting of COVID-19 hospitalizations superior to cases and test positivity: A prediction study
Infectious Disease Modelling, 1.11.2023
Tilføjet 1.11.2023
Publication date: Available online 31 October 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Dustin T. Hill, Mohammed A. Alazawi, E. Joe Moran, Lydia J. Bennett, Ian Bradley, Mary B. Collins, Christopher J. Gobler, Hyatt Green, Tabassum Z. Insaf, Brittany Kmush, Dana Neigel, Shailla Raymond, Mian Wang, Yinyin Ye, David A. Larsen
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1065
COVID-19 transmission driven by age-group mathematical model in Shijiazhuang City of China
Infectious Disease Modelling, 18.08.2023
Tilføjet 18.08.2023
Publication date: Available online 18 August 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Fengying Wei, Ruiyang Zhou, Zhen Jin, Senzhong Huang, Zhihang Peng, Jinjie Wang, Ximing Xu, Xinyan Zhang, Jun Xu, Yao Bai, Xiaoli Wang, Bulai Lu, Zhaojun Wang, Jianguo Xu
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1066
Hypothesis testing of Poisson rates in COVID-19 offspring distributions
Infectious Disease Modelling, 9.08.2023
Tilføjet 9.08.2023
Publication date: Available online 9 August 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Rui Luo
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1067
Expression of the readthrough transcript CiDRE in alveolar macrophages boosts SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and promotes COVID-19 severity
Immunity, 13.07.2023
Tilføjet 13.07.2023
Publication date: Available online 12 July 2023 Source: Immunity Author(s): Yuichi Mitsui, Tatsuya Suzuki, Kanako Kuniyoshi, Jun Inamo, Kensuke Yamaguchi, Mariko Komuro, Junya Watanabe, Mio Edamoto, Songling Li, Tsukasa Kouno, Seiya Oba, Tadashi Hosoya, Kentaro Masuhiro, Yujiro Naito, Shohei Koyama, Nobuo Sakaguchi, Daron M. Standley, Jay W. Shin, Shizuo Akira, Shinsuke Yasuda
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1068
The effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 outcomes: A heterogeneous age-related generalisation of the SEIR model
Infectious Disease Modelling, 23.06.2023
Tilføjet 23.06.2023
Publication date: Available online 22 June 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Jorge M. Mendes, Pedro S. Coelho
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1069
An exploration of the relationship between wastewater viral signals and COVID-19 hospitalizations in Ottawa, Canada
Infectious Disease Modelling, 8.06.2023
Tilføjet 8.06.2023
Publication date: Available online 7 June 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): K. Ken Peng, Elizabeth M. Renouf, Charmaine B. Dean, X. Joan Hu, Robert Delatolla, Douglas G. Manuel
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1070
Simulation of optimal dose regimens of photoactivated curcumin for antimicrobial resistance pneumonia in COVID-19 patients: A modeling approach
Infectious Disease Modelling, 5.06.2023
Tilføjet 5.06.2023
Publication date: Available online 4 June 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Teerachat Sae-heng, Kesara Na-Bangchang
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1071
Co-dynamics of COVID-19 and TB with COVID-19 vaccination and exogenous reinfection for TB: An optimal control application
Infectious Disease Modelling, 31.05.2023
Tilføjet 31.05.2023
Publication date: Available online 31 May 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Zenebe Shiferaw Kifle, Legesse Lemecha Obsu
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1072
The lockdown and vaccination distribution in Thailand's COVID-19 epidemic: A model study
Infectious Disease Modelling, 29.05.2023
Tilføjet 29.05.2023
Publication date: Available online 28 May 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Sittisede Polwiang
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1073
The relationship between controllability, optimal testing resource allocation, and incubation-latent period mismatch as revealed by COVID-19
Infectious Disease Modelling, 17.05.2023
Tilføjet 17.05.2023
Publication date: Available online 16 May 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): Jeffery Demers, William F. Fagan, Sriya Potluri, Justin M. Calabrese
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1074
Immunological imprinting: Understanding COVID-19
Immunity, 19.04.2023
Tilføjet 19.04.2023
Publication date: Available online 19 April 2023 Source: Immunity Author(s): Marios Koutsakos, Ali H. Ellebedy
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