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79 emner vises.
Infection, 3.05.2024
Tilføjet 3.05.2024
Abstract Purpose To analyse recent epidemiological trends of bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by Enterococcus spp. In adult patients admitted to tertiary care centres in Germany. Methods Epidemiological data from the multicentre R-NET study was analysed. Patients presenting with E. faecium or E. faecalis in blood cultures in six German tertiary care university hospitals between October 2016 and June 2020 were prospectively evaluated. In vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), the presence of vanA/vanB was confirmed via molecular methods. Results In the 4-year study period, 3001 patients with BSI due to Enterococcus spp. were identified. E. faecium was detected in 1830 patients (61%) and E. faecalis in 1229 patients (41%). Most BSI occurred in (sub-) specialties of internal medicine. The pooled incidence density of enterococcal BSI increased significantly (4.0–4.5 cases per 10,000 patient days), which was primarily driven by VRE BSI (0.5 to 1.0 cases per 10,000 patient days). In 2020, the proportion of VRE BSI was > 12% in all study sites (range, 12.8–32.2%). Molecular detection of resistance in 363 VRE isolates showed a predominance of the vanB gene (77.1%). Conclusion This large multicentre study highlights an increase of BSI due to E. faecium, which was primarily driven by VRE. The high rates of hospital- and ICU-acquired VRE BSI point towards an important role of prior antibiotic exposure and invasive procedures as risk factors. Due to limited treatment options and high mortality rates of VRE BSI, the increasing incidence of VRE BSI is of major concern.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 1.05.2024
Tilføjet 1.05.2024
Abstract Purpose To analyse recent epidemiological trends of bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by Enterococcus spp. In adult patients admitted to tertiary care centres in Germany. Methods Epidemiological data from the multicentre R-NET study was analysed. Patients presenting with E. faecium or E. faecalis in blood cultures in six German tertiary care university hospitals between October 2016 and June 2020 were prospectively evaluated. In vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), the presence of vanA/vanB was confirmed via molecular methods. Results In the 4-year study period, 3001 patients with BSI due to Enterococcus spp. were identified. E. faecium was detected in 1830 patients (61%) and E. faecalis in 1229 patients (41%). Most BSI occurred in (sub-) specialties of internal medicine. The pooled incidence density of enterococcal BSI increased significantly (4.0–4.5 cases per 10,000 patient days), which was primarily driven by VRE BSI (0.5 to 1.0 cases per 10,000 patient days). In 2020, the proportion of VRE BSI was > 12% in all study sites (range, 12.8–32.2%). Molecular detection of resistance in 363 VRE isolates showed a predominance of the vanB gene (77.1%). Conclusion This large multicentre study highlights an increase of BSI due to E. faecium, which was primarily driven by VRE. The high rates of hospital- and ICU-acquired VRE BSI point towards an important role of prior antibiotic exposure and invasive procedures as risk factors. Due to limited treatment options and high mortality rates of VRE BSI, the increasing incidence of VRE BSI is of major concern.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAnca Rath, Bärbel Kieninger, Nilufarbayim Mirzaliyeva, Stephan Schmid, Patricia Mester, Wulf Schneider-Brachert
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 24.04.2024
Tilføjet 24.04.2024
Surveillance of multidrug-resistant bacteria like vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and prompt outbreak recognition are vital for infection prevention and control (IPC). Yet, data collection is laborious, and analysis prone to errors due to limited resolution of common diagnostic tools. Precision in defining \'the same pathogen\' is, however, critical for nosocomial transmission analysis.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJoachim MariënMickaël SageUmaru BanguraAlicia LaméMichel KoropoguiToni RiegerBarré SoropoguiMoussa DounoN’Faly MagassoubaElisabeth Fichet-Calveta Evolutionary Ecology group, Department of Biology University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgiumb Virus Ecology unit, Department of Biomedical sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgiumc Faune INNOV’ R&D – Wildlife INNOVATION, Besançon, Franced Implementation Research, Zoonoses Control group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germanye Projet des fièvres Hémorragiques en Guinée, Laboratoire de Virologie, Conakry, Guineaf Department of Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
Emerg Microbes Infect, 21.04.2024
Tilføjet 21.04.2024
Mohamed Ali MarouiGrace Akinyi OdongoLucia MundoFrancesca ManaraFabrice MureFloriane FusilAntonin JayTarik GheitThanos M. MichailidisDomenico FerraraLorenzo LeonciniPaul MurrayEvelyne ManetThéophile OhlmannMarthe De BoevreSarah De SaegerFrançois-Loïc CossetStefano LazziRosita AccardiZdenko HercegHenri GruffatRita KhoueiryaCentre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Lyon 69366 Cedex 07, FrancebEpigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon 69366 Cedex 07, FrancecLimerick Digital Cancer Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Bernal Institute and School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, IrelanddDepartment of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, Siena 53100, ItalyeCentre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, BelgiumfDepartment of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Gauteng 2028, South Africa
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 17.04.2024
Tilføjet 17.04.2024
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 121, Issue 16, April 2024.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJulien Favresse, Constant Gillot, Julien Cabo, Clara David, Jean-Michel Dogné, Jonathan Douxfils
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 5.04.2024
Tilføjet 5.04.2024
An increase evasion of the SARS-CoV-2 virus towards vaccination strategies and natural immunity has been rapidly described notably due to mutations in the spike receptor binding domain (RBD) and the N-terminal domain (NTD)C.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMohamed Ali MarouiGrace Akinyi OdongoLucia MundoFrancesca ManaraFabrice MureFloriane FusilAntonin JayTarik GheitThanos M. MichailidisDomenico FerraraLorenzo LeonciniPaul MurrayEvelyne ManetThéophile OhlmannMarthe De BoevreSarah De SaegerFrançois-Loïc CossetStefano LazziRosita AccardiZdenko HercegHenri GruffatRita KhoueiryaCentre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, University Claude Bernard Lyon I, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Lyon 69366 Cedex 07, FrancebEpigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon 69366 Cedex 07, FrancecLimerick Digital Cancer Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Bernal Institute and School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, IrelanddDepartment of Medical Biotechnology, Section of Pathology, University of Siena, Siena 53100, ItalyeCentre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, BelgiumfDepartment of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Gauteng 2028, South Africa
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Immunology and Inflammation, 5.04.2024
Tilføjet 5.04.2024
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 121, Issue 16, April 2024.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract Background Admission and discharge screening of patients for asymptomatic gut colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) is a traditional approach to active surveillance, but its sensitivity for detecting colonization is uncertain.Methods Daily rectal or fecal swab samples and clinical data were collected over 12 months from patients in one 25-bed intensive care unit (ICU) in Chicago, IL USA and tested for the following multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs): vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE); third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales, including extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL); and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). MDRO detection by (1) admission/discharge surveillance cultures or (2) clinical cultures were compared to daily surveillance cultures. Samples underwent 16S rRNA gene sequencing to measure the relative abundance of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) corresponding to each MDRO.Results Compared with daily surveillance cultures, admission/discharge cultures detected 91% of prevalent MDRO colonization and 63% of incident MDRO colonization among medical ICU patients. Only a minority (7%) of MDRO carriers were identified by clinical cultures. Higher relative abundance of MDRO-associated OTUs and specific antibiotic exposures were independently associated with higher probability of MDRO detection by culture.Conclusion Admission and discharge surveillance cultures underestimated MDRO acquisitions in an ICU. These limitations should be considered when designing sampling strategies for epidemiologic studies that use culture-based surveillance.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedStefania D’AriaCéline MaquetShuang LiSuveera DhupAnouk LepezArnaud KohlerVincent F. Van HéeRajesh K. DadhichMarine FrenièreFabienne AndrisIvan NemazanyyPierre SonveauxBénédicte MachielsLaurent GilletMichel Y. BraunaInstitute for Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies 6041, BelgiumbImmunology-Vaccinology, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège 4000, BelgiumcPole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, BelgiumdImmunobiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies 6041, BelgiumePlateforme d’étude du métabolisme, Institut Necker, Inserm US 24 - CNRS UMS 3633, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Paris 75015, FrancefWEL Research Institute, Welbio Department, Wavre 1300, Belgium
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 121, Issue 13, March 2024.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAlbert Tell i Puig, Dominique Soldati-Favre
Trends in Parasitology, 26.03.2024
Tilføjet 26.03.2024
Microtubules (MTs) play a vital role as key components of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton. The phylum Apicomplexa comprises eukaryotic unicellular parasitic organisms defined by the presence of an apical complex which consists of specialized secretory organelles and tubulin-based cytoskeletal elements. One apicomplexan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, is an omnipresent opportunistic pathogen with significant medical and veterinary implications. To ensure successful infection and widespread dissemination, T. gondii heavily relies on the tubulin structures present in the apical complex. Recent advances in high-resolution imaging, coupled with reverse genetics, have offered deeper insights into the composition, functionality, and dynamics of these tubulin-based structures. The apicomplexan tubulins differ from those of their mammalian hosts, endowing them with unique attributes and susceptibility to specific classes of inhibitory compounds.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedStefania D’AriaCéline MaquetShuang LiSuveera DhupAnouk LepezArnaud KohlerVincent F. Van HéeRajesh K. DadhichMarine FrenièreFabienne AndrisIvan NemazanyyPierre SonveauxBénédicte MachielsLaurent GilletMichel Y. BraunaInstitute for Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies 6041, BelgiumbImmunology-Vaccinology, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège 4000, BelgiumcPole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, BelgiumdImmunobiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies 6041, BelgiumePlateforme d’étude du métabolisme, Institut Necker, Inserm US 24 - CNRS UMS 3633, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Paris 75015, FrancefWEL Research Institute, Welbio Department, Wavre 1300, Belgium
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Immunology and Inflammation, 19.03.2024
Tilføjet 19.03.2024
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 121, Issue 13, March 2024.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedPeter BagerJonas KählerMikael AnderssonBarbara Juliane HolzknechtSanne Grønvall Kjær HansenKristian SchønningKaren Leth NielsenKristoffer KochMette PinholtMarianne VoldstedlundAnders Rhod LarsenBrian KristensenKåre MølbakUte Wolff SönksenSissel SkovgaardRobert SkovAnette M. Hammeruma Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmarkb Department of Dataintegration and -Analysis, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmarkc Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmarkd Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmarke Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmarkf Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmarkg Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmarkh Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmarki Division of Infectious Disease Preparedness, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmarkj National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmarkk Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmarkl Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmarkm Department of Bacteria, Parasites, and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
Emerg Microbes Infect, 12.03.2024
Tilføjet 12.03.2024
Umaru BanguraChristopher DavisJoyce LaminJames BanguraBarré SoropoguiAndrew J. DavisonJenna NicholsMatej VucakMickael DawsonRashid AnsumanaDianah SondufuDániel CadarToni RiegerEmma ThomsonFoday SahrN’Faly MagassoubaBruno GhersiBrian H. BirdElisabeth Fichet-Calveta Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, WHO Collaborating Centre for Arbovirus and Hemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research, Hamburg, Germanyb MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UKc Mercy Hospital Research Laboratory, Bo, Sierra Leoned University of Makeni and University of California, Davis One Health Program, Makeni, Sierra Leonee Laboratoire des Fièvres Hémorragiques en Guinée, Conakry, Guineaf College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leoneg One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
Emerg Microbes Infect, 7.03.2024
Tilføjet 7.03.2024
Valérie de Crécy-LagardGeoffrey HutinetJosé D. D. Cediel-BecerraYifeng YuanRémi ZallotMarc G. ChevretteR. M. Madhushi N. RatnayakeMarshall JarochSamia QuaiyumSteven Bruner1Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA2University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, Florida, USA3Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA4Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom5Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA, Corrella S. Detweiler
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 29.02.2024
Tilføjet 29.02.2024
Raphaël Lecomte, Colin Deschanvres, Alexis Bourreau, Louise Ruffier d'Epenoux, Paul Le Turnier, Benjamin Gaborit, Marie Chauveau, Magali Michel, Thierry Le Tourneau, Pascale Bémer, Stéphane Corvec, David Boutoille
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 28.02.2024
Tilføjet 28.02.2024
In most cases, treatment of infective endocarditis (IE) is empirical until the causative pathogens are identified, with two major important points. First, empirical antimicrobial therapy (EAT) is the cornerstone of sepsis therapy and any delay in time to appropriate antimicrobial therapy increases sepsis mortality, particularly in cases of septic shock [1]. Second, since Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of IE and is associated with higher mortality [2,3], it is crucial that EAT for infective endocarditis includes drugs that have optimal anti-staphylococcal activity [4,5].
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAdrian Jochim-Vukosavic, Frank Schwab, Leonard Knegendorf, Dirk Schlüter, Franz-Christoph Bange, Ella Ebadi, Claas Baier
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 26.02.2024
Tilføjet 26.02.2024
by Adrian Jochim-Vukosavic, Frank Schwab, Leonard Knegendorf, Dirk Schlüter, Franz-Christoph Bange, Ella Ebadi, Claas Baier Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) occur in hospitalized patients, causing both infection and colonization. In recent years, there has been an increase in VRE in German and other hospitals, raising the question of how to control this epidemic best. To better understand the specific epidemiology and to guide infection control, we conducted a retrospective cohort study analyzing all patients with VRE at Hannover Medical School, a tertiary university clinic in Germany that specializes in solid organ transplantation. Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of patients with VRE from 2015–2017 were collected. Basic epidemiologic parameters, including VRE incidence and incidence density, were calculated. Independent risk factors for nosocomial VRE infection compared to colonization were assessed using a logistic regression model. There were 1,492 VRE cases corresponding to 822 individual patients. The incidence was 0.8 VRE cases per 100 cases. A total of 536 (35.9%) of the 1,492 VRE cases were acquired nosocomially. Of the 1,492 cases, 912 cases had VRE-positive samples (894 Enterococcus (E.) faecium and 18 E. faecalis) in our hospital laboratory and the remaining cases were known VRE carriers. The vanB-phenotype was observed in 369 of the 894 (41.3%) E. faecium isolates and in 6 of the 18 (33.3%) E. faecalis isolates. There was an increase over time in the vanB-phenotype proportion in E. faecium (2015: 63 of 171, 36.8%, 2016: 115 of 322, 35.7% and 2017: 191 of 401, 47.6%). A total of 107 cases had a VRE infection (7.2% of all VRE cases) according to the criteria of the German National Reference Center for Surveillance of Nosocomial Infections. The remaining cases were only colonized. Among other factors, leukocytopenia (
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 22.02.2024
Tilføjet 22.02.2024
Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate the pathogenicity of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VREs) to human colon cells in vitro. Methods Three E. faecalis isolates (2 VREs and E. faecalis ATCC 29212) were cocultured with NCM460, HT-29 and HCT116 cells. Changes in cell morphology and bacterial adhesion were assessed at different time points. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) expression were measured via RT-qPCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Cell migration and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) tube formation assays were used for angiogenesis studies. The activity of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was measured by Western blotting. Results The growth and adhesion of E. faecalis at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1:1 were greater than those at a MOI of 100:1(p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 21.02.2024
Tilføjet 21.02.2024
Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate the pathogenicity of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VREs) to human colon cells in vitro. Methods Three E. faecalis isolates (2 VREs and E. faecalis ATCC 29212) were cocultured with NCM460, HT-29 and HCT116 cells. Changes in cell morphology and bacterial adhesion were assessed at different time points. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) expression were measured via RT-qPCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Cell migration and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) tube formation assays were used for angiogenesis studies. The activity of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was measured by Western blotting. Results The growth and adhesion of E. faecalis at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1:1 were greater than those at a MOI of 100:1(p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedNatacha Faivre, Christel Verollet and Fabrice Dumas
Retrovirology, 25.01.2024
Tilføjet 25.01.2024
Chemokines are cytokines whose primary role is cellular activation and stimulation of leukocyte migration. They perform their various functions by interacting with G protein-coupled cell surface receptors (GPC...
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 25.01.2024
Tilføjet 25.01.2024
Abstract Background Day care centres (DCCs) are ideal settings for drug-resistant bacteria to emerge. Prevalence numbers of faecal carriage of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in these settings are rare. We aimed to determine the prevalence of faecal antimicrobial resistant bacteria carriage in children attending DCCs and to assess and identify infection risk factors within DCCs in The Netherlands and Belgium. Methods A point-prevalence study was conducted in 28 Dutch (499 children) and 18 Belgian (448 children) DCCs. Stool samples were taken from the children’s diapers and a questionnaire was filled in by their parents. Hygiene related to stool and toilet use, hygiene related to food, environmental contamination, hand hygiene and hygiene guidelines were assessed conform a standardized questionnaire by the infection prevention and control expert visiting the DCC. Multilevel logistical regression analyses were used to define which characteristics predicted the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E), carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), and ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacterales (CipR-E). Results The ESBL-E prevalence was 16% (n = 71) in Belgium and 6% (n = 30) in the Netherlands. The CipR-E prevalence was 17% (n = 78) in Belgium and 8% (n = 38) in the Netherlands. Antimicrobial use (RR: 0.30; 95% CI: 0.33–0.48) and hospital admissions (RR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.25–0.54) were lower in the Netherlands. Children travelling to Asia were at higher risk of being an ESBL-E carrier. Children using antimicrobials were at higher risk of being a CipR-E carrier. Cleaning the changing mat after each use was found as a protective factor for CipR-E carriage. Conclusions We established a significant difference in ESBL-E and CipR-E carriage and antimicrobial use and hospital admissions between the Netherlands and Belgium among children attending DCCs. The differences between both countries should be further studied to improve the policy on anti-microbial use and hospital admissions in children.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJulien Favresse, Constant Gillot, Mélanie Closset, Julien Cabo, Loris Wauthier, Clara David, Marc Elsen, Jean‐Michel Dogné, Jonathan Douxfils
Journal of Medical Virology, 8.01.2024
Tilføjet 8.01.2024
Lesaine, E., Francis, F., Domecq, S., Miganeh-Hadi, S., Sevin, F., Sibon, I., Rouanet, F., Pradeau, C., Coste, P., Cetran, L., Vandentorren, S., Saillour, F., AVICOVID group, Faucheux, Leca Radu, Seignolles, Chazalon, Dan, Lucas, Peron, Wong-So, Martinez, Nocon, Hostyn, Papin, Bordier, Casenave, Maillard, Ondze, Argacha, Tidahy, Ferraton, Mostefai, Demasles, Hubrecht, Bakpa, Bartou, Bannier, Bernady, Ellie, Higue, Marnat, Berge, Goze-Dupuy, Lavocat, Senis, Delonglee, Darraillans, Mokni, Bataille, Lorendeau, Eclancher, Trogoff, Chartroule, Touchard, Leyral, Ngounou, Scouarnec, Orcival, Goulois, Heydel, Tahon, Py, Bidian, Fabre, Cherhabil, Baha, Fort, Maisonnave, Verhoeven, Claveries, Ansart, Lefevre, Liepa, Lacrouts, Coustere, Fournier, Jarnier, Delarche, Banos, Marque, Karsenty, Perron, Leymarie, Hassan, Casteigt, Larnaudie, Combes, Laplace
BMJ Open, 3.01.2024
Tilføjet 3.01.2024
ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate whether the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a deterioration in the quality of care for socially and/or clinically vulnerable stroke and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. DesignTwo cohorts of STEMI and stroke patients in the Aquitaine neurocardiovascular registry. SettingSix emergency medical services, 30 emergency units, 14 hospitalisation units and 11 catheterisation laboratories in the Aquitaine region in France. ParticipantsThis study involved 9218 patients (6436 stroke and 2782 STEMI patients) in the neurocardiovascular registry from January 2019 to August 2020. Primary outcome measuresCare management times in both cohorts: first medical contact-to-procedure time for the STEMI cohort and emergency unit admission-to-imaging time for the stroke cohort. Associations between social (deprivation index) and clinical (age >65 years, neurocardiovascular history) vulnerabilities and care management times were analysed using multivariate linear mixed models, with an interaction on the time period (pre-wave, per-wave and post-first COVID-19 wave). ResultsThe first medical contact procedure time was longer for elderly (p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLuke Bracegirdle, Matthew Stubbs, Rezaur Rahman, Alexander I. R. Jackson, Helmi C. Burton-Papp, Robert Chambers, Sanjay Gupta, Michael P. W. Grocott, Ahilanandan Dushianthan
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 29.12.2023
Tilføjet 29.12.2023
by Luke Bracegirdle, Matthew Stubbs, Rezaur Rahman, Alexander I. R. Jackson, Helmi C. Burton-Papp, Robert Chambers, Sanjay Gupta, Michael P. W. Grocott, Ahilanandan Dushianthan Background COVID-19 placed immense strain on healthcare systems, necessitating innovative responses to the surge of critically ill patients, particularly those requiring mechanical ventilation. In this report, we detail the establishment of a dedicated critical care prone positioning team at University Hospital Southampton in response to escalating demand for prone positioning during the initial wave of the pandemic. Methods The formation of a prone positioning team involved meticulous planning and collaboration across disciplines to ensure safe and efficient manoeuvrers. A comprehensive training strategy, aligned with national guidelines, was implemented for approximately 550 staff members from a diverse background. We surveyed team members to gain insight to the lived experience. Results A total of 78 full-time team members were recruited and successfully executed over 1200 manoeuvres over an eight-week period. Our survey suggests the majority felt valued and expressed pride and willingness to participate again should the need arise. Conclusion The rapid establishment and deployment of a dedicated prone positioning team may have contributed to both patient care and staff well-being. We provide insight and lessons that may be of value for future respiratory pandemics. Future work should explore objective clinical outcomes and long-term sustainability of such services.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedM. Lefebvre, L. Gross, R. Ollivier, S. Bailly, M. Coste‐Burel, J. Coutherut, J. Dina
Journal of Medical Virology, 19.12.2023
Tilføjet 19.12.2023
Rainer Tan, Godfrey Kavishe, Lameck B. Luwanda, Alexandra V. Kulinkina, Sabine Renggli, Chacha Mangu, Geofrey Ashery, Margaret Jorram, Ibrahim Evans Mtebene, Peter Agrea, Humphrey Mhagama, Alan Vonlanthen, Vincent Faivre, Julien Thabard, Gillian Levine, Marie-Annick Le Pogam, Kristina Keitel, Patrick Taffé, Nyanda Ntinginya, Honorati Masanja, Valérie D’Acremont
Nature, 19.12.2023
Tilføjet 19.12.2023
Linda Feghoul, Amandine Caillault, Olivier Peyrony, Maud Salmona, Marie‐Laure Nere, Constance Delaugerre, Elie Azoulay, Sylvie Chevret, Jérôme LeGoff
Journal of Medical Virology, 17.12.2023
Tilføjet 17.12.2023
Carolina Bertilsson, Maria Vretemark, Henrik Lund, Peter Lingström
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 14.12.2023
Tilføjet 14.12.2023
by Carolina Bertilsson, Maria Vretemark, Henrik Lund, Peter Lingström In a late Swedish Viking Age population dating from around 10th-12th century AD, the prevalence, distribution and location of dental caries were studied. Tooth wear, other dental pathology and anatomical variations were identified and recorded clinically and radiographically. A total of 3293 teeth were analyzed from 171 individuals with complete and partial dentitions, of which 133 were permanent and 38 deciduous/mixed dentition. The dentitions were studied clinically, using a dental probe under a strong light source, and radiographs were taken for 18 of the individuals to verify and complement the clinical caries registration. Almost half the population, 83 of 171 individuals (49%), had at least one carious lesion. All individuals with deciduous or mixed dentitions were caries-free. The number of teeth affected by caries among adults was 424 (13%) and the surface most susceptible to caries was the root surface. The tooth most commonly affected by caries was the first mandibular molar. Other findings included apical infections, which were detected clinically in 4% of the teeth, and one case of filed front teeth. The findings gave a unique understanding of life and death in this early Christian Viking community and indicated that it was common to suffer from dental caries, tooth loss, infections of dental origin and tooth pain. These Vikings also manipulated their teeth through filing, tooth picking and other occupational behaviors.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMichaela T. Hall, Kate T. Simms, John M. Murray, Adam Keane, Diep T. N. Nguyen, Michael Caruana, Gigi Lui, Helen Kelly, Linda O. Eckert, Nancy Santesso, Silvia de Sanjose, Edwin E. Swai, Ajay Rangaraj, Morkor Newman Owiredu, Cindy Gauvreau, Owen Demke, Partha Basu, Marc Arbyn, Shona Dalal, Nathalie Broutet, Karen Canfell
Nature, 12.12.2023
Tilføjet 12.12.2023
Rushil Harryparsad, Bahiah Meyer, Ongeziwe Taku, Myrna Serrano, Pai Lien Chen, Xiaoming Gao, Anna-Lise Williamson, Celia Mehou-Loko, Florence Lefebvre d’Hellencourt, Jennifer Smit, Jerome Strauss, Kavita Nanda, Khatija Ahmed, Mags Beksinska, Gregory Buck, Charles Morrison, Jennifer Deese, Lindi Masson
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 10.11.2023
Tilføjet 10.11.2023
by Rushil Harryparsad, Bahiah Meyer, Ongeziwe Taku, Myrna Serrano, Pai Lien Chen, Xiaoming Gao, Anna-Lise Williamson, Celia Mehou-Loko, Florence Lefebvre d’Hellencourt, Jennifer Smit, Jerome Strauss, Kavita Nanda, Khatija Ahmed, Mags Beksinska, Gregory Buck, Charles Morrison, Jennifer Deese, Lindi Masson Background South Africa is among the countries with the highest prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG). In 2017, there were an estimated 6 million new CT, 4.5 million NG and 71 000 Treponema pallidum infections among South African men and women of reproductive age. Methods We evaluated STI prevalence and incidence and associated risk factors in 162 women aged 18–33 years old, residing in eThekwini and Tshwane, South Africa who were part of the Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) trial. Women were randomised to use depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (n = 53), copper intrauterine device (n = 51), or levonorgestrel (n = 58) implant. Lateral vaginal wall swab samples were collected prior to contraceptive initiation and at months one and three following contraceptive initiation for STI testing. Results There were no significant differences in STI incidence and prevalence across contraceptive groups. At baseline, 40% had active STIs (CT, NG, Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) or herpes simplex virus-2 shedding across all age groups– 18–21 years (46%), 22–25 years (42%) and 26–33 years (29%). The incidence of STIs during follow-up was exceptionally high (107.9/100 women-years [wy]), with younger women (18–21 years) more likely to acquire CT (75.9/100 wy) compared to 26–33 year olds (17.4/100 wy; p = 0.049). TV incidence was higher in the 26–33 year old group (82.7/100 wy) compared to the 18–21 year olds (8.4/100 wy; p = 0.01). Conclusions Although the study participants received extensive counselling on the importance of condom use, this study highlights the high prevalence and incidence of STIs in South African women, especially amongst young women, emphasising the need for better STI screening and management strategies.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBoczar, K. E., Shin, S., deKemp, R. A., Dowlatshahi, D., Tavoosi, A., Wiefels, C., Liu, P., Lochnan, H., MacPherson, P. A., Chong, A. Y., Torres, C., Leung, E., Tawakol, A., Ahmadi, A., Garrard, L., Lefebvre, C., Kelly, C., MacPhee, P., Tilokee, E., Raggi, P., Wells, G. A., Beanlands, R.
BMJ Open, 10.11.2023
Tilføjet 10.11.2023
BackgroundInflammation is a key mediator in the development and progression of the atherosclerotic disease process as well as its resultant complications, like myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and cardiovascular (CV) death, and is emerging as a novel treatment target. Trials involving anti-inflammatory medications have demonstrated outcome benefit in patients with known CV disease. In this regard, colchicine appears to hold great promise. However, there are potential drawbacks to colchicine use, as some studies have identified an increased risk of infection, and a non-significant trend for increased all-cause mortality. Thus, a more thorough understanding of the underlying mechanism of action of colchicine is needed to enable a better patient selection for this novel CV therapy. ObjectiveThe primary objective of the Canadian Study of Arterial Inflammation in Patients with Diabetes and Recent Vascular Events, Evaluation of Colchicine Effectiveness (CADENCE) trial is to assess the effect of colchicine on vascular inflammation in the carotid arteries and ascending aorta measured with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or pre-diabetes who have experienced a recent vascular event (acute coronary syndrome (ACS)/MI, transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke). Secondary objectives include determining colchicine’s effect on inflammatory biomarkers (high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)). Additionally, we will assess if baseline inflammation imaging or biomarkers are associated with a treatment response to colchicine determined by imaging. Exploratory objectives will look at: (1) the difference in the inflammatory response to colchicine in patients with coronary events compared with patients with cerebral events; (2) the difference in the inflammatory response to colchicine in different vascular beds; (3) the relationship of FDG-PET imaging markers with serum biomarkers and (4) assessment of quality-of-life changes. Methods and designCADENCE is a multicentre, prospective, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study to determine the effect of colchicine on arterial inflammation as assessed with imaging and circulatory biomarkers, specifically carotid arteries and aortic FDG uptake as well as hs-CRP and IL-6 among others. Patients with T2DM or pre-diabetes who have recently experienced a CV event (within 30–120 days after an ACS (ie, ST-elevation MI (STEMI) or non-STEMI)) or TIA/stroke with documented large vessel atherosclerotic disease will be randomised to treatment with either colchicine 0.6 mg oral daily or placebo. Participants will undergo baseline clinical evaluation including EQ5D assessment, blood work for inflammatory markers and FDG PET/CT scan of the ascending aorta and left and right carotid arteries. Patients will undergo treatment for 6 months and have repeat clinical evaluation including EQ5D assessment, blood work for inflammatory markers and FDG PET/CT scan at the conclusion of the study. The primary outcome will be the change in the maximum target to background ratio (TBRmax) in the ascending aorta (or carotid arteries) from baseline to follow-up on FDG PET/CT imaging. DiscussionColchicine is an exciting potential new therapy for CV risk reduction. However, its use is associated with side effects and greater understanding of its underlying mechanism of action is needed. Importantly, the current study will determine whether its anti-inflammatory action is an indirect systemic effect, or a more local plaque action that decreases inflammation. The results will also help identify patients who will benefit most from such therapy. Trial registration numberNCT04181996.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedVictoria Madeleine Garnfeldt, Jean-Louis Vincent, Damien Gruson, Osvaldo Ulises Garay, Stefaan Vansieleghem, Leonardo Iniguez, Alexander Lefevre
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 30.10.2023
Tilføjet 30.10.2023
by Victoria Madeleine Garnfeldt, Jean-Louis Vincent, Damien Gruson, Osvaldo Ulises Garay, Stefaan Vansieleghem, Leonardo Iniguez, Alexander Lefevre In Belgium, antibiotic resistance leads to approximately 530 deaths with a €24 million financial burden annually. This study estimated the impact of procalcitonin-guided antibiotic stewardship programs to reduce antibiotic consumption versus standard of care in patients with suspected sepsis. A decision analytic tree modelled health and budget outcomes of procalcitonin-guided antibiotic stewardship programs for patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). A literature search, a survey with local clinical experts, and national database searches were conducted to obtain model input parameters. The main outcomes were total budget impact per patient, reduction in number of antibiotic resistance cases, and cost per antibiotic day avoided. To evaluate the impact of parameter uncertainty on the source data, a deterministic sensitivity analysis was performed. A scenario analysis was conducted to investigate budget impact when including parameters for reduction in length of ICU stay and mechanical ventilation duration, in addition to base-case parameters. Based on model predictions, procalcitonin-guided antibiotic stewardship programs could reduce the number of antibiotic days by 66,868, resulting in €1.98 million savings towards antibiotic treatment in current clinical practice. Antibiotic resistance cases could decrease by 7.7% (6.1% vs 9.2%) in the procalcitonin-guided setting compared with standard of care. The base-case budget impact suggests an investment of €1.90 per patient. The sensitivity analysis showed uncertainty, as the main drivers can alter potential cost savings. The scenario analysis indicated a saving of €1,405 per patient, with a reduction of 1.5 days in the ICU (14.8 days vs 12.8 days), and a reduction of 22.7% (18.1–27.2%) in mechanical ventilation duration. The associated sensitivity analysis was shown to be robust in all parameters. Procalcitonin-guided antibiotic stewardship programs are associated with clinical benefits that positively influence antimicrobial resistance in Belgium. A small investment per patient to implement procalcitonin testing may lead to considerable cost savings.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedStarnes, J. R., Rogers, A., Wamae, J., Okoth, V., Mudhune, S. A., Omondi, A., Were, V., Baraza Awino, D., Lefebvre, C. H., Yap, S., Otieno Odhong, T., Vill, B., Were, L., Wamai, R.
BMJ Open, 22.08.2023
Tilføjet 22.08.2023
ObjectivesThe under-five mortality (U5M) rate in Kenya (41 per 1000 live births) remains significantly above international goals (25 per 1000 live births). This is further exacerbated by regional inequalities in mortality. We aimed to describe U5M in Migori County, Kenya, and identify associated factors that can serve as programming targets. DesignCross-sectional observational survey. SettingAreas served by the Lwala Community Alliance and control areas in Migori County, Kenya. ParticipantsThis study included 15 199 children born to respondents during the 18 years preceding the survey. Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was mortality in the first 5 years of life. The survey was powered to detect a 10% change in various health metrics over time with 80% power. ResultsA total of 15 199 children were included in the primary analyses, and 230 (1.5%) were deceased before the fifth birthday. The U5M rate from 2016 to 2021 was 32.2 per 1000 live births. Factors associated with U5M included year of birth (HR 0.926, p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedRelan, P., Murthy, S., Marshall, J. C., Annane, D., Chevret, S., Arabi, Y. M., Waweru-Siika, W., Dominguez Rodriguez, S., Convocar, P., Diaz, J., World Health Organization Respiratory Support Research Group, World Health Organization O2CoV2 International Study Steering Committee, Adhikari, Aryal, Baker, Christopher, Fowler, Gartley, Goligher, Haniffa, Jayakumar, Kallet, Kojan, Kwizera, Li, Mekontso-Dessap, Paletta, Rendon, Riviello, Salluh, Sterne, Tomazini, Vijayaraghavan, Zampieri, Amrahli, Appiah, Aryal, Batra, Bligh, Christopher, Derow, Gaitan, Garcia, Griffith, Guitton, Hashmi, Kamara, Kawano-Dourado, Kodama, Kojan, Kuniyoshi, Kwizera, Mendes, Pfeifer, Procopio, Rendon, Reveiz, Riviello, Rolland, Seck, Stanway, Viry, Wijesinghe
BMJ Open, 17.08.2023
Tilføjet 17.08.2023
IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 has been identified as the cause of the disease officially named COVID-19, primarily a respiratory illness. COVID-19 was characterised as a pandemic on 11 March 2020. It has been estimated that approximately 20% of people with COVID-19 require oxygen therapy. Oxygen has been listed on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines List and Essential Medicines List for Children for almost two decades. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted, more than ever, the acute need for scale-up of oxygen therapy. Detailed data on the use of oxygen therapy in low-and-middle income countries at the patient and facility level are needed to target interventions better globally. Methods and analysisWe aim to describe the requirements and use of oxygen at the facility and patient level of approximately 4500 patients with COVID-19 in 30 countries. Our objectives are specifically to characterise type and duration of different modalities of oxygen therapy delivered to patients; describe demographics and outcomes of hospitalised patients with COVID-19; and describe facility-level oxygen production and support. Primary analyses will be descriptive in nature. Respiratory support transitions will be described in Sankey plots, and Kaplan-Meier models will be used to estimate probability of each transition. A multistate model will be used to study the course of hospital stay of the study population, evaluating transitions of escalating respiratory support transitions to the absorbing states. Ethics and disseminationWHO Ad Hoc COVID-19 Research Ethics Review Committee (ERC) has approved this global protocol. When this protocol is adopted at specific country sites, national ERCs may make require adjustments in accordance with their respective national research ethics guidelines. Dissemination of this protocol and global findings will be open access through peer-reviewed scientific journals, study website, press and online media. Trial registration numberNCT04918875.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedDeborah Schönegger, Armelle Marais, Bisola Mercy Babalola, Chantal Faure, Marie Lefebvre, Laurence Svanella-Dumas, Sára Brázdová, Thierry Candresse
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 17.08.2023
Tilføjet 17.08.2023
by Deborah Schönegger, Armelle Marais, Bisola Mercy Babalola, Chantal Faure, Marie Lefebvre, Laurence Svanella-Dumas, Sára Brázdová, Thierry Candresse High-throughput sequencing (HTS) has proven a powerful tool to uncover the virome of cultivated and wild plants and offers the opportunity to study virus movements across the agroecological interface. The carrot model consisting of cultivated (Daucus carota ssp. sativus) and wild carrot (Daucus carota ssp. carota) populations, is particularly interesting with respect to comparisons of virus communities due to the low genetic barrier to virus flow since both population types belong to the same plant species. Using a highly purified double-stranded RNA-based HTS approach, we analyzed on a large scale the virome of 45 carrot populations including cultivated, wild and off-type carrots (carrots growing within the field and likely representing hybrids between cultivated and wild carrots) in France and six additional carrot populations from central Spain. Globally, we identified a very rich virome comprising 45 viruses of which 25 are novel or tentatively novel. Most of the identified novel viruses showed preferential associations with wild carrots, either occurring exclusively in wild populations or infecting only a small proportion of cultivated populations, indicating the role of wild carrots as reservoir of viral diversity. The carrot virome proved particularly rich in viruses involved in complex mutual interdependencies for aphid transmission such as poleroviruses, umbraviruses and associated satellites, which can be the basis for further investigations of synergistic or antagonistic virus-vector-host relationships.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBlouin, K., Lefebvre, B., Trudelle, A., Defay, F., Perrault Sullivan, G., Ezin Aloffan, L. N. D., Labbe, A.-C.
BMJ Open, 4.08.2023
Tilføjet 4.08.2023
ObjectivesTo examine correlates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to first-line antimicrobials (azithromycin, cefixime and ceftriaxone). Design and settingThe sentinel surveillance network is an open cohort of gonococcal infection cases from Québec, Canada. Cross-sectional results are reported herein. ParticipantsBetween 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2019, data from 886 individuals accounting for 941 gonorrhoea cases were included. MethodsEpidemiological and clinical data were collected using an auto-administered questionnaire, direct case interviews and chart reviews. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the agar dilution method. Generalised estimating equations were used for regression. ResultsThe prevalence of azithromycin resistance with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ≥2 mg/L was 21.3%. In 2016, men who have sex with men were more likely to be infected with an azithromycin-resistant N. gonorrhoeae isolate (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR)=4.73, 95% CI 1.48 to 15.19) or with an isolate with increased third-generation cephalosporin (3GC) MIC (aPR=5.32, 95% CI 1.17 to 24.11 for cefixime (MIC≥0.06 mg/L) and aPR=4.38, 95% CI 1.53 to 12.54 for ceftriaxone (MIC≥0.03 mg/L)). However, these associations were not maintained between 2017 and 2019, with increased MIC observed in men who have sex exclusively with women and women. Overall, azithromycin resistance was significantly more likely in cases who self-reported HIV infection (aPR=1.65, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.71). Cefixime increased MIC were more likely in individuals 25–34 years old (aPR=2.23, 95% CI 1.18 to 4.21). Cefixime and ceftriaxone increased MIC were both more likely in cases who reported ≥5 sexual partners (cefixime: aPR=2.10, 95% CI 1.34 to 3.27 and ceftriaxone: aPR=1.62, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.30). ConclusionSignificant correlates of N. gonorrhoeae AMR to first-line antimicrobials were observed. Antimicrobial stewardship may be particularly important for 3GC. Active monitoring and interventions are critical for 3GC non-susceptible strains, especially considering the very low prevalence in Québec.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBaptiste HOELLINGER, Charlotte KAEUFFER, Pierre BOYER, Nicolas LEFEBVRE, Yves HANSMANN, Amandine ROBERT, François SEVERAC, Alain GRAVET, François DANION, Yvon RUCH, Axel URSENBACH
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 14.07.2023
Tilføjet 14.07.2023
Enterobacterales bloodstream infections (BSI) are common life-threatening conditions. Prompt and appropriate antimicrobial therapy is an essential part of the treatment and has demonstrated a significant reduction in mortality [1, 2]. AmpC β-lactamase-hyperproducing Enterobacterales (ABLHE) are frequently isolated in healthcare-associated infections, which leads to the prescription of carbapenems. ABLHE refers to Enterobacterales that have derepressed AmpC and are therefore third-generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistant.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedCaroline Lefeuvre, Sylvain Thepot, Séverine Mercier‐Delarue, Tiffany Bouille, David Michonneau, Jérôme Le Goff, Maud Salmona
Journal of Medical Virology, 1.07.2023
Tilføjet 1.07.2023
Paul Sondo, Toussaint Rouamba, Marc Christian Tahita, Karim Derra, Berenger Kabore, Yssimini Nadège Guillène Tibiri, Hyacinthe Abd-El Latif Faïçal Kabore, So-vii Franck Hien, Florence Ouedraogo, Adama Kazienga, Hamidou Ilboudo, Eli Rouamba, Thiery Lefevre, Halidou Tinto
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 26.06.2023
Tilføjet 26.06.2023
by Paul Sondo, Toussaint Rouamba, Marc Christian Tahita, Karim Derra, Berenger Kabore, Yssimini Nadège Guillène Tibiri, Hyacinthe Abd-El Latif Faïçal Kabore, So-vii Franck Hien, Florence Ouedraogo, Adama Kazienga, Hamidou Ilboudo, Eli Rouamba, Thiery Lefevre, Halidou Tinto Seasonal Malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is one of the large-scale life-saving malaria interventions initially recommended for the Sahel subregion, including Burkina Faso and recently extended to other parts of Africa. Initially, SMC was restricted to children 3 to 59 months old, but an extension to older children in some locations was recently recommended. Further characterization of SMC population profile beyond age criterion is necessary for understanding factors that could negatively impact the effectiveness of the intervention and to define complementary measures that could enhance its impact. Children were assessed through a cross-sectional survey during the first month of the 2020 SMC campaign (July-August 2020) as part of the SMC-NUT project in the health district of Nanoro. Parameters such as body temperature, weight, height, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) were assessed. In addition, blood sample was collected for malaria diagnosis by rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and microscopy, and for haemoglobin measurement. A total of 1059 children were enrolled. RDT positivity rate (RPR) was 22.2%, while microscopy positivity rate (MPR) was 10.4%, with parasitaemia levels ranging from 40 to 70480/μL. RPR and MPR increased as patient age increased. Wasting was observed in 7.25% of children under SMC coverage while the prevalence of stunting and underweight was 48.79% and 23.38%, respectively. As the age of the children increased, an improvement in their nutritional status was observed. Finally, undernourished children had higher parasite densities than children with adequate nutritional status. In the health district of Nanoro, children who received Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) were mostly undernourished during the period of SMC delivery, suggesting the need for combining the SMC with synergistic interventions against malnutrition to achieve best impact.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedGuillaume Favre, Emeline Maisonneuve, Léo Pomar, Charlotte Daire, Cécile Monod, Begoña Martinez de Tejada, Thibaud Quibel, Monya Todesco Bernasconi, Loïc Sentilhes, Caroline Blume, Andrea Papadia, Stephanie Sturm, Dirk Bassler, Claudia Grawe, Anda Petronela Radan, Marie-Claude Rossier, Jérôme Mathis, Romina Capoccia Brugger, Karine Lepigeon, Eva Gerbier, Marie Claude Addor, Ursula Winterfeld, David Baud, Alice Panchaud, COVI-PREG group
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 20.06.2023
Tilføjet 20.06.2023
This study aimed to evaluate the risk of congenital malformation among pregnant women exposed to the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines during the first trimester of pregnancy, which is a developmental period where the fetus is at risk of teratogenicity.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedDanica M. SutherlandMichael StreblMelanie KoehlerOlivia L. WelshXinzhe YuLiya HuRita dos Santos NatividadeJonathan J. KnowltonGwen M. TaylorRodolfo A. MorenoPatrick WörzZachery R. LonerganPavithra AravamudhanCamila Guzman-CardozoSukhleen KourUdai Bhan PandeyDavid AlsteensZhao WangB. V. Venkataram PrasadThilo StehleTerence S. DermodyaDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224bInstitute of Infection, Inflammation, and Immunity, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224cInterfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, GermanydLouvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, BelgiumeVerna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030fCryo-Electron Microscopy and Tomography Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030gDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232hDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15261iChildren’s Neuroscience Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224jWalloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, 1300 Wavre, BelgiumkDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030lDepartment of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030mDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 14.06.2023
Tilføjet 14.06.2023
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 120, Issue 24, June 2023.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedNathalie Gault, Delphine Bachelet, Cédric Laouénan, Raphaël Borie, Claire Cracowski, Julien Poissy, Karine Faure, Fabrice Lainé, Benjamin Lefèvre, Margaux Isnard, Juliette Patrier, Odile Launay, Dominique Costagliola, Jade Ghosn, Lila Bouadma, The French COVID Cohort Study Group and The French COVID Investigators Study Group
Journal of Medical Virology, 29.05.2023
Tilføjet 29.05.2023
Crichton, Siobhan; Jesson, Julie; Aké-Assi, Marie-Hélène; Belfrage, Eric; Davies, Mary-Ann; Pinto, Jorge; Teasdale, Chloe; Van Lam, Nguyen; Vreeman, Rachel; Paul, Mary; Williams, Paige; Yotebieng, Marcel; Leroy, Valériane; Goodall, Ruth
AIDS, 26.05.2023
Tilføjet 26.05.2023
Objective: To describe pubertal growth spurts among adolescents living with perinatally-acquired HIV (ALWPHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Design: Observational data collected from 1994–2015 in the CIPHER global cohort collaboration. Methods: ALWPHIV who initiated ART age
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedRita dos Santos NatividadeMelanie KoehlerPriscila S. F. C. GomesJoshua D. SimpsonSydni Caet SmithDiego E. B. GomesJuliette de LhoneuxJinsung YangAnkita RayTerence S. DermodyRafael C. BernardiKristen M. OgdenDavid AlsteensaLouvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, NanoBiophysics lab, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, BelgiumbLeibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, GermanycDepartment of Physics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849dDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 37232 Nashville, TNeDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213fDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213gInstitute of Infection, Inflammation, and Immunity, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213hDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232iWalloon Excellence in Life sciences and Biotechnology, Walloon Excellence Research Institute, 1300 Wavre, Belgium
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 24.05.2023
Tilføjet 24.05.2023
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 120, Issue 21, May 2023.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedKyungmin Huh, Doo Ryeon Chung, Young Eun Ha, Jae-Hoon Ko, Hee Jae Huh, Nam Yong Lee, Sun Young Cho, Cheol-In Kang, Kyong Ran Peck, Jae-Hoon Song, Korean Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (KARS-Net) investigators
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 10.05.2023
Tilføjet 10.05.2023
Invasive infections caused by Enterococcus species are associated with substantial mortality, especially in hospitalized patients and those with multiple comorbidities [1, 2]. Treatment options for Enterococcus species are limited because of their intrinsically low susceptibility to β-lactams [3]. Vancomycin is the most commonly used agent for the treatment of severe infections caused by ampicillin-resistant enterococci. However, the emergence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) has complicated the treatment of enterococcal infections.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 3.05.2023
Tilføjet 3.05.2023
Abstract Background Investigation of risk factors for the presence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in inpatients on surgical wards and associated intensive care units of a German tertiary care hospital. Methods A single-centre retrospective matched case-control study was performed with surgical inpatients admitted between July 2013 and December 2016. Patients with in-hospital detection of VRE later than 48 h after admission were included and comprised 116 VRE-positive cases and 116 VRE-negative matched controls. VRE isolates of cases were typed by multi-locus sequence typing. Results ST117 was identified as the dominant VRE sequence type. Next to length of stay in hospital or on an intensive care unit and previous dialysis the case-control study revealed previous antibiotic therapy as a risk factor for the in-hospital detection of VRE. The antibiotics piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem, and vancomycin were associated with the highest risks. After taking into account length of stay in hospital as possible confounder other potential contact-related risk factors such as previous sonography, radiology, central venous catheter, and endoscopy were not significant. Conclusions Previous dialysis and previous antibiotic therapy were identified as independent risk factors for the presence of VRE in surgical inpatients.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedImmunity, 26.04.2023
Tilføjet 26.04.2023
Publication date: Available online 25 April 2023 Source: Immunity Author(s): Aikaterini Gatsiou, Simon Tual-Chalot, Matteo Napoli, Almudena Ortega-Gomez, Tommy Regen, Rachit Badolia, Valeriana Cesarini, Claudia Garcia-Gonzalez, Raphael Chevre, Giorgia Ciliberti, Carlos Silvestre-Roig, Maurizio Martini, Jedrzej Hoffmann, Rana Hamouche, Joseph R. Visker, Nikolaos Diakos, Astrid Wietelmann, Domenico Alessandro Silvestris, Georgios Georgiopoulos, Ali Moshfegh
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedRita Eid, Maureen Assayag, Edouard Lefevre, Lélia Escaut, Marwa Laifi, Albane Brodin-Sartorius, Mohamad Zaidan, Renaud Snanoudj
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 21.04.2023
Tilføjet 21.04.2023
Bacillary angiomatosis is a disseminated vascular proliferative disease caused by Bartonella henselae or Bartonella quintana involving the skin and other organs [1, 2]. Bacillary angiomatosis is mainly reported in HIV infected patients as well as organ transplant recipients [3-5]. Identifying Bartonella species is key to early diagnosis and adequate treatment. However, the diagnosis of bacillary angiomatosis may be delayed when interpreting negative results. Moreover, bacillary angiomatosis presents a challenge because of the persistent and frequent relapses.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLancet Infectious Diseases, 31.01.2023
Tilføjet 31.01.2023
The risk of infection was substantial, with the highest risk for patients colonised with carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and the lowest in patients with VRE. These data might help to guide prophylactic and treatment decisions and form a valuable resource for planning clinical trials on targeted prevention.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases, 30.01.2023
Tilføjet 31.01.2023
We analyzed the risk factors affecting linezolid treatment outcome in vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) bloodstream infection (BSI).
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 8.12.2022
Tilføjet 8.12.2022
Abstract Introduction Antimicrobial stewardship programs are intended to improve patient outcomes, reduce side effects, bacterial resistance, and costs. Thus, it is important to assess their impact on an ongoing basis. We aimed to assess the impact of the antimicrobial stewardship program in two different hospitals which used different program approaches. Methodology This is a retrospective observational study in two private hospitals [4088 patient records] in Amman- Jordan. Antibiotic susceptibility using antibiogram results, consumption of antibiotics using Defined Daily Dose, and the incidence of Multi-Drug Resistance were recorded using patients’ records during 2018, 2019, and 2020. Results Antimicrobial stewardship program outcomes varied between the two hospitals. Bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics were improved in both hospitals. Moreover, the defined daily dose in Hospital “A” showed no significant change in Fluoroquinolones, Carbapenems, and Piperacillin- Tazobactam, Cephalosporins, and Colistin, while a significant change was observed among Anti-MRSA antibiotics. Finally, the incidence of Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase [ESBL] E. coli, ESBL Klebsiella, and Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci [VRE] have decreased numerically over the study period, while Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] showed an increase in incidence during the second year of the study. Conclusion The study emphasizes the positive impact of the AMS program throughout the three years of the study. Plus, the need to enhance the program through recruiting extra staff and applying extra regulations like implementing educational programs for the hospital staff, designing local guidelines for common ID diseases, and monitoring the program’s outcomes which would eventually be more efficient, cost-effective, and safe.
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