Aktuelle smitsomme sygdomme

The sharp increase in the heart disease death rate in adults in 2020, the first year of the pandemic, especially in Black adults and younger adults, should serve as a wake-up call, says one expert. Medscape Medical News…

Eastern Equine Encephalitis -- MexicoReport type: immediate notificationStarted: 24 Oct 2022Confirmed: 18 Nov 2022Reported: 22 Nov 2022Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed diseaseLast occurrence: 29 Dec 1996Causal agent: eastern equine encephalomyelitis virusNature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratoryThis event pertains to a defined zone within the country.Outbreak location: Aldama, TamaulipasStarted: 24 Oct 2022Epidemiological unit: backyardAffected animals:Species / Susceptible / Cases /…

Avian Influenza H5N1 -- IsraelSummaryReport type: immediate notificationStarted: 18 Nov 2022Confirmed: 21 Nov 2022Reported: 23 Nov 2022Reason for notification: recurrenceLast occurrence: 11 Jan 2022Causal agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virusSerotype: H5N1Detailed characterization: clade 2.3.4.4b; lineage: fully EurasianNature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratoryThis event pertains to a defined zone within the country.Outbreak location: Sheluhot, HazafonStarted: 18 Nov 2022Ended: 22 Nov…

Other Animal Disease -- United StatesA new study suggests that ships may be spreading a deadly coral disease across Florida and the Caribbean. The findings by scientists at the University of Miami (UM) Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science could help establish testing and treatment methods to mitigate the risk of further disease spread [ref below].Stony coral tissue loss disease, or SCTLD, was first observed near Miami in 2014 and has since spread throughout all of Florida's Coral Reef and into the…

Meningitis -- LibyaThe Ministry of Health in the unity government confirmed the stable condition of people with meningitis in the Sabha Medical Center. The ministry's statement on Tuesday [22 Nov 2022] followed news circulating about an increase in meningitis cases in children at the Sabha Medical Center.The Ministry confirmed the stable condition of the cases in the center, according to the reports received, stressing that the medical and paramedical staff should follow the instructions of the deputy prime…

Leptospirosis -- PhilippinesThe number of deaths due to the bacterial infection, leptospirosis, have reached 370 through the end of October this year [2022]. This is a 108% increase in deaths compared with the same period in 2021 when 178 fatalities were reported. Total leptospirosis cases are up 68% nationally with health officials reporting 2794 cases compared with 1661 last year [2021]. The Philippines has seen a case fatality rate of more than 13%.Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease. People (and animals) can get…

Other Human Disease -- FranceA second case of the Usutu virus was identified in France on 10 Nov 2022 in New Aquitaine. These 2 cases were detected in local patients, in other words, in people who have been in French territory. Should we be worried that mosquitoes present on mainland France carry the virus?This disease is transmitted by mosquitoes, like dengue or chinkungunya [viruses], and most often occurs in people who have traveled abroad. This is not the case for these 2 new patients. Should we be worried that…

Shigellosis -- TunisiaAn 8 year old girl has died in Tunisia after suffering complications caused by shigella bacteria as officials warn of a wave of infections, health officials said on Wednesday [23 Nov 2022]. Tunis regional health director Tarek Ben Naceur announced the girl's death and told local radio station Mosaique FM that she was brought to the hospital too late for treatment to be effective in saving her life.Shigella is a bacterium very similar to _Escherichia coli_ and causes dysentery, among other…

This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 20 - 26 November 2022 and includes updates on monitoring the FIFA World Cup in Qatar, cholera, COVID-19, diphtheria, Ebola virus disease, polio, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, seasonal influenza, monkeypox, and West Nile virus.

BackgroundTwo rotavirus (RV) vaccines were licensed in Greece in late 2006 and included in the national immunisation programme in 2012.AimTo study the epidemiology and genotype distribution of RV in children during the post-vaccination period and assess the impact of increased vaccination coverage.MethodsIn a prospective multicentre hospital-based study, hospitalised children (≤ 16 years) with an RV-positive faecal sample were recruited. Epidemiological and genotyping analyses were performed; periods of low (2008–12) and moderate (2012–20) RV vaccination coverage were compared. Statistical analysis was performed with a chi-squared or Mann–Whitney U test and logistic regression.ResultsA total of 3,874 children (55.6% male; n = 2,153) with median age of 1.4 years (IQR: 0.5–3.3) were studied during 2008–20. Most RV-infected children were aged ≤ 3 years (72.2%) and hospitalised during December–May (69.1%). Common RV genotypes (G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8], G9P[8], G12P[8]) were detected in 92.2% of samples; G-P combinations with prevalence above 1% were G4P[8] (44.1%), G1P[8] (25.4%), G2P[4] (14.9%), G9P[8] (3.5%), G12P[8] (2.2%), G3P[8] (2.1%), other (4.3%) and mixed (3.5%). Of all samples, 97.6% were homotypic or partially heterotypic to vaccines’ genotypes. With moderate vaccination coverage, the seasonal peak was detected earlier, children were older and partially or fully heterotypic genotypes were increased (p < 0.001).ConclusionsIn the era of moderate RV vaccination coverage in Greece, epidemiology of RV in hospitalised children seemed to change. However, most circulating genotypes remain homotypic or partially heterotypic to RV vaccines. Continuous epidemiological surveillance and genotyping are important to monitor possible changes arising from RV vaccines’ implementation.…

Botulism -- CanadaMounet Group labneh cheese is being recalled in Canada because the packaging may permit the growth of _Clostridium botulinum_, the bacterium that produces the botulism toxin. No illnesses have been reported to date in connection with this issue. The recalling firm is Group Mounet Inc.This cheese was sold in Quebec at the retail level. The recalled product is Mounet Group Labneh cheese, which is soft unripened cheese packaged in olive oil. The product is sold in 350 gram containers. The UPC…

Botulism -- ChinaThe Centre for Health Protection (CHP) of the Department of Health (DH) is today [23 Nov 2022] investigating a probable case of botulism after receiving injections of botulinum toxin locally, and has again reminded the public that botulinum toxin injections should only be prescribed and performed by registered doctors. The female patient, aged 45 with good past health, presented with dizziness, ptosis, diplopia, dysphonia, limb weakness, girdle weakness and breathing difficulty, [which…

Serratia marcescens -- NorwayThe Norwegian Institute of Public Health (Folkehelseinstituttet; FHI) has been notified of an ongoing outbreak with the bacterium _Serratia marcescens_, which has been detected in several of the country's hospitals. A total of 33 cases have now been reported from 3 of the country's 4 health regions. FHI is now contributing to the outbreak work by coordinating a group with representatives from all health regions, says senior physician Arne Taxt at the Institute of Public Health.In addition,…

Other Plant Disease -- CanadaFirst found in 2014 in Manitoba, verticillium stripe has become more common in canola. An excess of moisture and high temperatures in some areas led to a perfect breeding ground for the disease. Therefore, 2022 was the heaviest year on record in Western Canada for verticillium stripe. The disease is still most aggressive in Manitoba but has been located in all 3 prairie provinces. It is moving more intensely towards Saskatchewan and Alberta, getting worse going further east.Since it is…

Monkeypox -- NetherlandsAbstract--------In 2009, the WHO proposed Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care, a document to implement use of 2 alcohol-based hand rubs (formulation I and II) for surgical and hygiene hand disinfection in healthcare settings and to reduce transmission of pathogens. However, inactivation efficacies of these products against MPVX [monkeypox virus] have not been determined. We evaluated the WHO-recommended alcohol-based formulations against MPXV and performed a comparative inactivation…

Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease -- SpainSummaryReport type: immediate notificationStarted: 14 Nov 2022Confirmed: 17 Nov 2022Reported: 21 Nov 2022 [see epidemiological comments]Reason for notification: 1st occurrence in the countryCausal agent: epizootic haemorrhagic disease virusNature of diagnosis: laboratoryThis event pertains to a defined zone within the country.Outbreak location 1: El Pedroso, Cazalla de la Sierra, Sevilla, AndalusiaStarted: 14 Nov 2022Epidemiological unit: farmTotal animals…

Der er fald i smitten med covid-19, efter der var en opbremsning i sidste uge. Men der er fortsat et højt antal smittede med RS-virus. Det er hovedpunkterne i ugens tendensrapport fra Statens Serum Institut (SSI).

På ét år er antallet af danskere med blodforgiftninger med bakterien Staphylococcus aureus steget markant. Sygdommen kan være alvorlig for ældre og sårbare - og betyde dødsfald. Det viser en ny rapport fra Statens Serum Institut.

The geographic ranges of endemic mycoses appear to be changing with the climate. Without better diagnosis and reporting, it's impossible to know the extent, putting human and nonhuman animals at risk for illness and unnecessary treatments. Medscape Medical News…

People living with HIV were more likely to seek vaccine information from reputable sources and be compliant with recommendations, a new survey reveals. Medscape Medical News…

The top 3 things you should know to start your day. 3 Things to Know Today…

Anthrax -- SpainAt the beginning of November [2022], Animal's Health reported the detection of an anthrax outbreak in Asturias, in the municipality of Cangas de Onís, in a cattle farm with 136 susceptible animals. Now [21 Nov 2022], the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAPA) has confirmed a secondary focus of anthrax on a farm in the same municipality, with 152 susceptible cattle and 3 affected.This is the fourth outbreak of anthrax detected in Spain this year [2022]. Both the outbreaks in…

Toxoplasmosis -- United StatesTwo spinner dolphins died from toxoplasmosis after becoming infected with the parasite _Toxoplasma gondii_, according to researchers at the University of Hawai'i [UH] at Mānoa Health and Stranding Lab. One dolphin was stranded on Hawai'i Island in 2015 and the other on O'ahu in 2019.Invasive species such as pigs, mongoose, chickens, and cats harbor the parasite, but it is unclear which genotypes are most likely to infect wildlife species. The findings were published in Diseases of Aquatic…

Rabies -- SpainReport type: immediate notificationStarted: 2 Nov 2022Confirmed: [15 Nov 2022, see affected population description section]Reported: 21 Nov 2022Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed diseaseLast occurrence: 23 Oct 2022Causal agent: rabies virusSerotype: RABVNature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratoryThis event pertains to a defined zone within the country.Outbreak location: MelillaStarted: 2 Nov 2022Ended: 14 Nov 2022Epidemiological unit: otherAffected…

Scrub Typhus -- IndiaAfter reporting 218 cases of it [scrub typhus], Uttar Pradesh is gearing up to boost testing for the diagnosis of scrub typhus, a life-threatening infectious disease, in districts. According to data available from the state health department, Amethi has reported 14 cases of the disease so far, Ghaziabad 37, Ayodhya 13, Azamgarh 11, Balia and Bahraich 10 each, and Jaunpur 2. Meerut has reported a casualty. 'We are upgrading our labs and also health facilities in the state so that they can…

Anthrax -- ZambiaSome districts in Western Province are reported [to have been] hit by a sporadic outbreak of anthrax. This has prompted the government to embark on vaccination against the disease to prevent further spread. Western Province Fisheries and Livestock Coordinator, Kelvin Kampamba has confirmed the development to ZANIS in Mongu today [Tue 22 Nov 2022]. Dr Kampamba said the province received over 40 000 thousand doses of anthrax vaccine to vaccinate all the animals in the affected districts. 'The…

Shigellosis -- TunisiaIn recent days, the health authorities in Tunisia have recorded an increase in the number of infections with the shigella bacterium (_Shigella sonnei_), which has reappeared, especially among children, in several regions of the country, years after its disappearance. Symptoms of infection with [this] gastrointestinal tract germ: sometimes severe and bloody diarrhea, severe abdominal pain, fever, and nausea. The germ is transmitted by touching sick people or consuming contaminated water.In…

Fungal Meningitis -- MexicoIn Durango, this Mon 21 Nov 2022, the 9th death due to aseptic meningitis caused by a fungus was recorded. [The number of] confirmed cases [remains] 59 in total. Gabriel García Rodríguez, general director of epidemiology of the Ministry of Health at the national level, reported that the agent that causes fungal meningitis is very aggressive and dangerous. Therefore, it was decided to address the situation to investigate both diagnosis and treatment.He explained that there is a follow-up…

Other Plant Disease -- IndiaCherry growers in Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh are being forced to cut down their trees to prevent the spread of cherry X disease by leafhoppers. The disease is spreading fast between orchards. Early in 2021, growers noticed that the trees were drying up quickly. Scientists from Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar University visited the affected region later in 2021 and found the presence of the X disease phytoplasma.Growers say that the situation is alarming. They have asked the local…

This report describes drug overdose death rates among people 15 years and older.

This report describes global progress towards eradicating dracunculiasis.

This report describes worldwide progress toward regional measles elimination.

CDC publishes an annual summary of abortion data in the United States. This report is for the year 2020.

A new survey found that some parents are not talking with their children's doctors about vaccines, indicating a shift in the role of primary care providers when it comes to vaccine advice. Medscape Medical News…

Reminder messages sent through electronic health records systems increased vaccination rates. Medscape Medical News…

Scientists have found that COVID-19 causes brain 'abnormalities' even 6 months after symptoms are gone. WebMD Health News…

Diagnosing long COVID is something of an art for doctors who, without any formal criteria, say they know it when they see it. WebMD Health News…

A number of musicians and other entertainers have been severely debilitated as a result of long COVID. WebMD Health News…

"Monoclonals had their day, like the Model T or the biplane," Carl Dieffenbach, director of the Division of AIDS at the National Institutes of Health and lead of the NIH's Antiviral Program for Pandemics. WebMD Health News…

A month after getting the bivalent booster, adults 55 and over were found to have a nine-fold increase in antibodies against BQ.1.1, Pfizer said in a news release. WebMD Health News…

From rebuilding public trust in vaccines to adopting unified governmental approaches, the experts presented numerous methods for ending COVID-19 as a public health threat. Medscape Medical News…

Clinicians should consider age, sex, and vaccine type when accounting for vaccination risks, according to the authors of an observational study. Medscape Medical News…

Dengue -- CyprusThe Asian tiger mosquito [_Aedes albopictus_], which was found in Limassol last month [October 2022, see Invasive mosquito - Cyprus (02) http://promedmail.org/post/20221024.8706340] has also been detected in the north, the Turkish Cypriot association of biologists announced on Monday [21 Nov 2022].The association identified the specific mosquito species following complaints by residents and called on relevant departments to take measures. 'In addition to the biological control programme,…

Avian Influenza H5N1 -- SummaryReport type: immediate notificationStarted: 13 Nov 2022Confirmed: 17 Nov 2022Reported: 18 Nov 2022Reason for notification: recurrenceLast occurrence: 29 Apr 2022Causal agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virusSerotype: H5N1Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratoryThis event pertains to the whole country.Outbreak: Seuzach, Winterthur, ZurichStarted: 13 Nov 2022Epidemiological unit: otherTotal animals affected:Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths /…

Avian Influenza H5N1 -- A black bear cub in south east Alaska was euthanized after it became ill with avian influenza, the Alaska Department of Fish and Game said. It is believed that the cub, which was located in Bartlett Cove in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve west of Juneau, is the second bear diagnosed with the highly pathogenic bird flu, the Juneau Empire reported.Bird flu 'passes really easily to poultry, but mammals aren't really susceptible to it,' said Dr Kimberlee Beckmen, a wildlife veterinarian…

Avian Influenza H5N1 -- ChinaSummaryReport type: immediate notificationStarted: 8 Nov 2022Confirmed: 15 Nov 2022Reported: 17 Nov 2021Reason for notification: recurrenceLast occurrence: 20 Jan 2022Causal agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virusSerotype: H5N1Nature of diagnosis: laboratoryThis event pertains to the whole country.Outbreak location: Mai Po Nature Reserve, Yuen LongStarted: 8 Nov 2022Ended: 8 Nov 2022Epidemiological unit: natural parkTotal animals affected:Species /…

Whooping Cough -- BoliviaThe minister of health and sports, Jeyson Auza, reported this Monday [21 Nov 2022] that 6 people suffering from whooping cough were discharged and that 21 cases are still active. 'To date, there are 27 cases of whooping cough nationwide, of which 19 are under 5 years of age and 8 are over 5 years of age.Whooping cough, also known as [pertussis], is a highly contagious respiratory illness caused by a type of bacteria called _Bordetella pertussis_. Whooping cough bacteria attach to the cilia…