Dansk Selskab for Infektionsmedicin
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Sidst opdateret 24.11.2018
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1 Impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines introduction on antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis in children aged 5 years or younger, Israel, 2004 to 2016
Eurosurveillance: Most Recent Articles, 22.11.2018
Tilføjet 23.11.2018 06:05
Shalom Ben-Shimol, Noga Givon-Lavi, David Greenberg, Michal Stein, Orli Megged, Avihu Bar-Yochai, Shahar Negari, Ron Dagan and on behalf of the Israel Bacteremia and Meningitis Active Surveillance Group
Background
Empiric treatment of pneumococcal meningitis includes ceftriaxone with vancomycin to overcome ceftriaxone resistant disease. The addition of vancomycin bears a risk of adverse events, including increased antibiotic resistance. We assessed antibiotic resistance rates in pneumococcal meningitis before and after pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) implementation.
Methods
All pneumococcal meningitis episodes in children aged 5 years and younger, from 2004 to 2016, were extracted from the nationwide bacteremia and meningitis surveillance database. For comparison purposes, we defined pre-PCV period as 2004–2008 and PCV13 period as 2014–2016. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 0.06 and > 0.5 μg/mL were defined as penicillin and ceftriaxone resistance, respectively.
Results
Overall, 325 episodes were identified. Pneumococcal meningitis incidence rates declined non-significantly by 17%, comparing PCV13 and pre-PCV periods. Throughout the study, 90% of isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility, with 26.6%, 2.1% and 0% of isolates resistant to penicillin, ceftriaxone and vancomycin, respectively. Mean proportions (± SD) of meningitis caused by penicillin-resistant pneumococci were 40.5% ± 8.0% and 9.6% ± 7.4% in the pre-PCV and the PCV13 periods, respectively, resulting in an overall 83.9% reduction (odd ratio:0.161; 95% confidence interval: 0.059–0.441) in penicillin resistance rates. The proportions of meningitis caused by ceftriaxone resistant pneumococci were 5.0% ± 0.8% in the pre-PCV period, but no ceftriaxone resistant isolates were identified since 2010.
Conclusions
PCV7/PCV13 sequential introduction resulted in > 80% reduction of penicillin- resistant pneumococcal meningitis and complete disappearance of ceftriaxone resistant disease. These trends should be considered by the treating physician when choosing an empiric treatment for pneumococcal meningitis.
2 PRO/AH/EDR> Angiostrongylus cantonensis - USA (07): (LA)
HealthMap Global Disease Alerts, 22.11.2018
Tilføjet 23.11.2018 06:13
3 PRO/AH/EDR> Angiostrongylus meningitis - China: eating raw centipedes
HealthMap Global Disease Alerts, 1.08.2018
Tilføjet 02.08.2018 01:25
4 PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (12): Europe (Greece)
HealthMap Global Disease Alerts, 8.08.2018
Tilføjet 08.08.2018 13:18
5 PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (15): Europe (Romania)
HealthMap Global Disease Alerts, 15.08.2018
Tilføjet 16.08.2018 02:40
6 PRO/ALL> New IJID (06): June 2018
HealthMap Global Disease Alerts, 9.06.2018
Tilføjet 10.06.2018 07:40
ProMED Mail
Tuberculosis, Antimicrobial resistance, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis E, Mycobacteria, non-TB, HIV/AIDS, Schistosomiasis, Meningitis, Diphtheria, MERS, Sexually Transmitted Infection, Other Human Disease, Diarrhea, Scrub Typhus, Tularemia -- EthiopiaEditorialThe preventable tragedy of diphtheria in the 21st centuryInt J Infect Dis. 2018 (June); 71: 122-123.LH Blumberg, MA Prieto, JV Diaz, MJ Blanco, B Valle, C Pla, et alPerspectiveHealthcare worker exposure to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): Revision of screening strategies urgently neededInt J Infect Dis. 2018 (June); 71: 113-116.Hala Amer, Abdulrahman S Alqahtani, Faisal Alaklobi, Juhaina Altayeb, Ziad A Memish.Original
New IJID (06): June 2018" som kan hentes fra Dansk Selskab for Infektionsmedicin's hjemmeside via linket vist nedenfor:%0D%0A%0D%0Ahttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.infmed.dk%2Fudbrud%3Frss_filter%3Dmeningitis%26setpoint%3D91784%2391784">
7 PRO/EDR> Acute flaccid myelitis - Europe: UK
HealthMap Global Disease Alerts, 19.12.2018
Tilføjet 20.12.2018 04:49
8 PRO/EDR> Meningitis, meningococcal - Ireland: emergence of serogroups W & Y
HealthMap Global Disease Alerts, 19.02.2019
Tilføjet 19.02.2019 03:13
9 PRO/EDR> Meningitis, meningococcal - Kazakhstan (02): fatal, RFI
HealthMap Global Disease Alerts, 9.06.2018
Tilføjet 09.06.2018 19:06
10 PRO/EDR> Meningitis, meningococcal - Nigeria (04): fatal, serogroup C
HealthMap Global Disease Alerts, 31.12.2018
Tilføjet 01.01.2019 00:21
11 PRO/EDR> Meningitis, meningococcal - USA (02): (CA) college, sg B
HealthMap Global Disease Alerts, 30.09.2018
Tilføjet 30.09.2018 19:17
12 PRO/EDR> West Nile virus (10): Romania
HealthMap Global Disease Alerts, 27.07.2018
Tilføjet 28.07.2018 01:40
13 Serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis disease epidemiology, seroprevalence, vaccine effectiveness and waning immunity, England, 1998/99 to 2015/16
Eurosurveillance: Most Recent Articles, 3.01.2019
Tilføjet 04.01.2019 07:45
Helen Findlow, Helen Campbell, Jay Lucidarme, Nick Andrews, Ezra Linley, Shamez Ladhani and Ray Borrow
Background
In 1999, the United Kingdom (UK) was the first country to introduce meningococcal group C (MenC) conjugate vaccination. This vaccination programme has evolved with further understanding, new vaccines and changing disease epidemiology.
Aim
To characterise MenC disease and population protection against MenC disease in England.
Methods
Between 1998/99–2015/16, surveillance data from England for laboratory-confirmed MenC cases were collated; using the screening method, we updated vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates. Typing data and genomes were obtained from the Meningitis Research Foundation Meningococcus Genome Library and PubMLST Neisseria database. Phylogenetic network analysis of MenC cc11 isolates was undertaken. We compared bactericidal antibody assay results using anonymised sera from 2014 to similar data from 1996–1999, 2000–2004 and 2009.
Results
MenC cases fell from 883 in 1998/99 (1.81/100,000 population) to 42 cases (0.08/100,000 population) in 2015/16. Lower VE over time since vaccination was observed after infant immunisation (p = 0.009) and a single dose at 1–4 years (p = 0.03). After vaccination at 5–18 years, high VE was sustained for ≥ 8 years; 95.0% (95% CI: 76.0– 99.5%). Only 25% (75/299) children aged 1–14 years were seroprotected against MenC disease in 2014. Recent case isolates mostly represented two cc11 strains.
Conclusion
High quality surveillance has furthered understanding of MenC vaccines and improved schedules, maximising population benefit. The UK programme provides high direct and indirect protection despite low levels of seroprotection in some age groups. High-resolution characterisation supports ongoing surveillance of distinct MenC cc11 lineages.
14 Upsurge in echovirus 30 detections in five EU/EEA countries, April to September, 2018
Eurosurveillance: Most Recent Articles, 1.11.2018
Tilføjet 02.11.2018 08:57
Eeva K Broberg, Benedetto Simone, Josep Jansa and the EU/EEA Member State contributors
An upsurge in Echovirus 30 (E30) infections, associated with meningitis/meningoencephalitis, has been observed in Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden in the period April to September 2018, compared with 2015–2017. In total, 658 E30 infections among 4,537 enterovirus infections were detected in 15 countries between January and September 2018 and affected mainly newborns and 26–45 year-olds. National public health institutes are reminded to remain vigilant and inform clinicians of the ongoing epidemic.
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