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Namusoke, F., Sekikubo, M., Namiiro, F., Nakigudde, J.
BMJ Open, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Introduction
Babies born preterm often have challenges in feeding, temperature control and breathing difficulty and are prone to infection during the neonatal period. These usually necessitate admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Admission to NICU disrupts the mother–baby bonding.
Objective
This study explored the lived experiences of mothers with preterm babies admitted to NICU in a low-resource setting.
Study design
This was a qualitative study where 16 participants took part in indepth interviews and 35 in focus group discussions. We included mothers who delivered and were caring for preterm babies at the NICU of Mulago National Referral Hospital.
Study setting
Data were collected from a public hospital, which works as a district and national referral hospital located in the capital of Uganda.
Participants
Fifty-one mothers with preterm babies in the NICU were sampled and recruited after informed consent. Data were analysed using manual thematic analysis.
Results
There were six themes on the experiences of mothers of preterm babies in NICU: constant worry and uncertainty about the survival of their babies, baby feeding challenges, worries of discharge, communication gaps between mothers and nurses, community acceptability and disdain for preterm babies, and financial challenges.
Conclusions and recommendations
Mothers of preterm babies admitted to NICU in a low-resource setting still need a lot of support other than the medical care given to their babies. Support groups in the hospital and community are recommended to help in dealing with these challenges.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMuller, G., Kamel, T., Contou, D., Ehrmann, S., Martin, M., Quenot, J.-P., Lacherade, J.-C., Boissier, F., Monnier, A., Vimeux, S., Brunet Houdard, S., Tavernier, E., Boulain, T.
BMJ Open, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Introduction
The use of peripheral indwelling arterial catheter for haemodynamic monitoring is widespread in the intensive care unit and is recommended in patients with shock. However, there is no evidence that the arterial catheter could improve patient’s outcome, whereas the burden of morbidity generated is significant (pain, thrombosis, infections). We hypothesise that patients with shock may be managed without an arterial catheter.
Methods and analysis
The EVERDAC study is an investigator-initiated, pragmatic, multicentre, randomised, controlled, open-label, non-inferiority clinical trial, comparing a less invasive intervention (ie, no arterial catheter insertion until felt absolutely needed, according to predefined safety criteria) or usual care (ie, systematic arterial catheter insertion in the early hours of shock). 1010 patients will be randomised with a 1:1 ratio in two groups according to the strategy. The primary outcome is all-cause mortality by 28 days after inclusion. A health economic analysis will be carried out.
Ethics and dissemination
The study has been approved by the Ethics Committee (Comité de Protection des Personnes Île de France V, registration number 61606 CAT 2, 19 july 2018) and patients will be included after informed consent. The results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals.
Trial registration number
NCT03680963.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedRussell, G., Advocat, J., Lane, R., Neil, J., Staunton-Smith, T., Alexander, K. E., Hattle, S., Crabtree, B. F., Miller, W. L., Setunge, S. N., Sturgiss, E. A.
BMJ Open, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed healthcare systems worldwide. Primary care providers have been at the forefront of the pandemic response and have needed to rapidly adjust processes and routines around service delivery. The pandemic provides a unique opportunity to understand how general practices prepare for and respond to public health emergencies. We will follow a range of general practices to characterise the changes to, and factors influencing, modifications to clinical and organisational routines within Australian general practices amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods and analysis
This is a prospective case study of multiple general practices using a participatory approach for design, data collection and analysis. The study is informed by the sociological concept of routines and will be set in six general practices in Melbourne, Australia during the 2020–2021 COVID-19 pandemic. General practitioners associated with the Monash University Department of General Practice will act as investigators who will shape the project and contribute to the data collection and analysis. The data will include investigator diaries, an observation template and interviews with practice staff and investigators. Data will first be analysed by two external researchers using a constant comparative approach and then later refined at regular investigator meetings. Cross-case analysis will explain the implementation, uptake and sustainability of routine changes that followed the commencement of the pandemic.
Ethics and dissemination
Ethics approval was granted by Monash University (23950) Human Research Ethics Committees. Practice reports will be made available to all participating practices both during the data analysis process and at the end of the study. Further dissemination will occur via publications and presentations to practice staff and medical practitioners.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBernardes Neto, S. C. G., Torres-Castro, R., Lima, I., Resqueti, V. R., Fregonezi, G. A. F.
BMJ Open, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Objective
This systematic review aimed in assessing the effects of different weaning protocols in people with neuromuscular disease (NMD) receiving invasive mechanical ventilation, identifying which protocol is the best and how different protocols can affect weaning outcome success, duration of weaning, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay and mortality.
Design
Systematic review.
Data sources
Electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Scopus) were searched from January 2009 to August 2020.
Eligibility criteria for selecting studies
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCT that evaluated patients with NMD (adults and children from 5 years old) in the weaning process managed with a protocol (pressure support ventilation; synchronised intermittent mandatory ventilation; continuous positive airway pressure; ‘T’ piece).
Primary outcome
Weaning success.
Secondary outcomes
Weaning duration, ICU stay, hospital stay, ICU mortality, complications (pneumothorax, ventilation-associated pneumonia).
Data extraction and synthesis
Two review authors assessed the titles and the abstracts for inclusion and reviewed the full texts independently.
Results
We found no studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria.
Conclusions
The absence of studies about different weaning protocols for patients with NMD does not allow concluding the superiority of any specific weaning protocol for patients with NMD or determining the impact of different types of protocols on other outcomes. The result of this review encourages further studies.
PROSPERO registration number
CRD42019117393.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedTavernier, E., Barbier, F., Meziani, F., Quenot, J.-P., Herbrecht, J.-E., Landais, M., Roux, D., Seguin, P., Schnell, D., Veinstein, A., Veber, B., Lasocki, S., Lu, Q., Beduneau, G., Ferrandiere, M., Dahyot-Fizelier, C., Plantefeve, G., Nay, M.-A., Merdji, H., Andreu, P., Vecellio, L., Muller, G., Cabrera, M., Le Pennec, D., Respaud, R., Lanotte, P., Gregoire, N., Leclerc, M., Helms, J., Boulain, T., Lacherade, J.-C., Ehrmann, S., On behalf of the REVA network and the CRICS-TRIGGESEP F-CRIN network
BMJ Open, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Introduction
Pre-emptive inhaled antibiotics may be effective to reduce the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia among critically ill patients. Meta-analysis of small sample size trials showed a favourable signal. Inhaled antibiotics are associated with a reduced emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the benefit of a 3-day course of inhaled antibiotics among patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 3 days on the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Methods and analysis
Academic, investigator-initiated, parallel two group arms, double-blind, multicentre superiority randomised controlled trial. Patients invasively ventilated more than 3 days will be randomised to receive 20 mg/kg inhaled amikacin daily for 3 days or inhaled placebo (0.9% Sodium Chloride). Occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia will be recorded based on a standardised diagnostic framework from randomisation to day 28 and adjudicated by a centralised blinded committee.
Ethics and dissemination
The protocol and amendments have been approved by the regional ethics review board and French competent authorities (Comité de protection des personnes Ouest I, No.2016-R29). All patients will be included after informed consent according to French law. Results will be disseminated in international scientific journals.
Trial registration numbers
EudraCT 2016-001054-17 and NCT03149640.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClarke, J., Flott, K., Fernandez Crespo, R., Ashrafian, H., Fontana, G., Benger, J., Darzi, A., Elkin, S.
BMJ Open, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Objectives
To determine the safety and effectiveness of home oximetry monitoring pathways for patients with COVID-19 in the English National Health Service.
Design
Retrospective, multisite, observational study of home oximetry monitoring for patients with suspected or proven COVID-19.
Setting
This study analysed patient data from four COVID-19 home oximetry pilot sites in England across primary and secondary care settings.
Participants
A total of 1338 participants were enrolled in a home oximetry programme across four pilot sites. Participants were excluded if primary care data and oxygen saturations at rest at enrolment were not available. Data from 908 participants were included in the analysis.
Interventions
Home oximetry monitoring was provided to participants with a known or suspected diagnosis of COVID-19. Participants were enrolled following attendance to emergency departments, hospital admission or referral through primary care services.
Results
Of 908 patients enrolled into four different COVID-19 home oximetry programmes in England, 771 (84.9%) had oxygen saturations at rest of 95% or more, and 320 (35.2%) were under 65 years of age and without comorbidities. 52 (5.7%) presented to hospital and 28 (3.1%) died following enrolment, of which 14 (50%) had COVID-19 as a named cause of death. All-cause mortality was significantly higher in patients enrolled after admission to hospital (OR 8.70 (2.53–29.89)), compared with those enrolled in primary care. Patients enrolled after hospital discharge (OR 0.31 (0.15–0.68)) or emergency department presentation (OR 0.42 (0.20–0.89)) were significantly less likely to present to hospital than those enrolled in primary care.
Conclusions
This study finds that home oximetry monitoring can be a safe pathway for patients with COVID-19; and indicates increases in risk to vulnerable groups and patients with oxygen saturations <95% at enrolment, and in those enrolled on discharge from hospital. Findings from this evaluation have contributed to the national implementation of home oximetry across England.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedCarlsson, Y., Bergman, L., Zaigham, M., Linden, K., Andersson, O., Veje, M., Sandström, A., Wikström, A.-K., Östling, H., Fadl, H., Domellöf, M., Blomberg, M., Brismar Wendel, S., Aden, U., Sengpiel, V., For the COPE study group, Elfvin, Hagman, Sand, Wessberg, Wihlbäck, Naurin, Wowern, Ahlsson, Dumitrescu, Biasoletto, Liljeqvist, Berg, Berg, Rothbarth, Pettersson, Hjertberg, Iorizzo, Lindh, Jonsson, Lindqvist, Revelj, Svenvik, Bolin, Nilsson, Mathiasson, Kullinger, Janes-Nakic, Karlsson, Kuusela, Holmström, Graner, Woxenius, Abrahamsson, Leijonhufvud, Ponten
BMJ Open, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Introduction
There is limited knowledge on how the SARS-CoV-2 affects pregnancy outcomes. Studies investigating the impact of COVID-19 in early pregnancy are scarce and information on long-term follow-up is lacking.
The purpose of this project is to study the impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy outcomes and long-term maternal and child health by: (1) establishing a database and biobank from pregnant women with COVID-19 and presumably non-infected women and their infants and (2) examining how women and their partners experience pregnancy, childbirth and early parenthood in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods and analysis
This is a national, multicentre, prospective cohort study involving 27 Swedish maternity units accounting for over 86 000 deliveries/year. Pregnant women are included when they: (1) test positive for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 group) or (2) are non-infected and seek healthcare at one of their routine antenatal visits (screening group). Blood, as well as other biological samples, are collected at different time points during and after pregnancy. Child health up to 4 years of age and parent experience of pregnancy, delivery, early parenthood, healthcare and society in general will be examined using web-based questionnaires based on validated instruments. Short- and long-term health outcomes will be collected from Swedish health registers and the parents’ experiences will be studied by performing qualitative interviews.
Ethics and dissemination
Confidentiality aspects such as data encryption and storage comply with the General Data Protection Regulation and with ethical committee requirements. This study has been granted national ethical approval by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (dnr 2020-02189 and amendments 2020-02848, 2020-05016, 2020-06696 and 2021-00870) and national biobank approval by the Biobank Väst (dnr B2000526:970). Results from the project will be published in peer-reviewed journals.
Trial registration number
NCT04433364.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedStreuli, S., Ibrahim, N., Mohamed, A., Sharma, M., Esmailian, M., Sezan, I., Farrell, C., Sawyer, M., Meyer, D., El-Maleh, K., Thamman, R., Marchetti, A., Lincoln, A., Courchesne, E., Sahid, A., Bhavnani, S. P.
BMJ Open, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Objectives
To combat misinformation, engender trust and increase health literacy, we developed a culturally and linguistically appropriate virtual reality (VR) vaccination education platform using community-engaged approaches within a Somali refugee community.
Design
Community-based participatory research (CBPR) methods including focus group discussions, interviews, and surveys were conducted with Somali community members and expert advisors to design the educational content. Co-design approaches with community input were employed in a phased approach to develop the VR storyline.
Participants
60 adult Somali refugees and seven expert advisors who specialise in healthcare, autism research, technology development and community engagement.
Setting
Somali refugees participated at the offices of a community-based organisation, Somali Family Service, in San Diego, California and online. Expert advisors responded to surveys virtually.
Results
We find that a CBPR approach can be effectively used for the co-design of a VR educational programme. Additionally, cultural and linguistic sensitivities can be incorporated within a VR educational programme and are essential factors for effective community engagement. Finally, effective VR utilisation requires flexibility so that it can be used among community members with varying levels of health and technology literacy.
Conclusion
We describe using community co-design to create a culturally and linguistically sensitive VR experience promoting vaccination within a refugee community. Our approach to VR development incorporated community members at each step of the process. Our methodology is potentially applicable to other populations where cultural sensitivities and language are common health education barriers.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAbbasi J.
Journal of the American Medical Association, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
In a recent study, binding and functional antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants persisted for at least 6 months for most adults who received both doses of Moderna’s mRNA vaccine. However, the antibodies waned over that period and some serum samples collected at 6 months no longer neutralized the variants, the researchers reported in Science.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAbbasi J.
Journal of the American Medical Association, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Researchers at Harvard’s Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering recently described a low-cost, user-friendly point-of-care (POC) device that detects SARS-CoV-2 and several variants of concern in an hour using saliva samples.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of the American Medical Association, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
In the Original Investigation titled “Association of Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pregnancy With Neonatal Outcomes,” published in the May 25, 2021, issue of JAMA, an incorrect percentage appeared in the abstract and in the text. In the Results section of the abstract, the first sentence should have been “Of 88 159 infants (49.0% girls), 2323 (2.6%) were delivered by mothers who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.” In the Results section of the text, the second sentence should have been “Among 88 159 newborn infants included (49.0% girls), 2323 (2.6%) were delivered by 2286 SARS-CoV-2–positive mothers.” This article was corrected online.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMarrazzo J, Dionne-Odom J.
Journal of the American Medical Association, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
The first large randomized clinical trial (RCT) to study the effect of screening asymptomatic women for Chlamydia trachomatis infection was conducted in the early 1990s in a managed care organization in the US Pacific Northwest. The investigators measured the incidence of symptomatic pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) diagnosed in clinic or hospital settings in 2607 women aged 18 to 34 years who were followed up for 1 year. To the surprise of many skeptics, the trial, despite a relatively small number of verified PID cases, demonstrated a significant reduction in PID among the women screened compared with usual care, with absolute rates of 8 per 10 000 woman-months vs 18 per 10 000 woman-months, respectively.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedCantor A, Dana T, Griffin JC, et al.
Journal of the American Medical Association, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
This systematic review to support the 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement on screening for chlamydial and gonococcal infections summarizes published evidence on the benefits and harms of screening for chlamydial and gonococcal infection in adults and adolescents, including those who are pregnant.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMed, Davidson KW, Barry MJ, et al.
Journal of the American Medical Association, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
This 2021 Recommendation Statement from the US Preventive Services Task Force recommends that all sexually active women 24 years or younger and women 25 years or older at increased risk for infection be screened for chlamydia (B recommendation) and gonorrhea (B recommendation) and concludes that current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea in men (I statement).
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedKuehn BM.
Journal of the American Medical Association, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Postmarketing safety monitoring data suggest that nonserious local and systemic reactions are common among adolescents who receive a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine, while reports of severe adverse events like myocarditis are rare.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedKuehn BM.
Journal of the American Medical Association, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Tuberculosis (TB) diagnoses in San Francisco dropped by more than half during the initial months of the COVID-19 shelter-in-place order, which may have delayed care and contributed to increased hospitalizations and deaths compared with prepandemic rates, according to a report in Emerging Infectious Diseases.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedUrner M, Calfee CS, Fan E.
Journal of the American Medical Association, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
The development of oxygen therapy is one of the major advances of modern medicine. Oxygen therapy laid the groundwork for intensive care medicine as a specialty and has saved millions of lives. During the COVID-19 pandemic, millions of patients survived due to provision of supplemental oxygen, with or without mechanical ventilation. In some regions of the world, where oxygen supply is limited, however, there were many preventable deaths from acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedRubin R.
Journal of the American Medical Association, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
This Medical News feature examines potential scenarios about how severe the upcoming flu season might be, given the dearth of influenza worldwide since the COVID-19 pandemic began.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedZuger A.
Journal of the American Medical Association, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
In this narrative medicine essay, an infectious diseases physician recalls the reluctance of some patients with AIDS who feared taking antiretroviral medications, offering the same arguments being raised for refusing COVID vaccinations, and suggests that story telling may be a compelling way to convince people to be vaccinated.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedSchaefer G, Leland RJ, Emanuel EJ.
Journal of the American Medical Association, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
This Viewpoint highlights countries with higher concentrations of COVID-19–vaccinated residents and and excess vaccine supply vs those without, and it emphasizes the clinical and ethical reasons for prioritizing distribution of excess vaccine to underserved countries instead of keeping it for booster administration.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedSimon P, Ho A, Shah MD, et al.
Journal of the American Medical Association, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
This study compares age-adjusted mortality rates before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2011-2020) among Latino and White individuals living in Los Angeles County.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMarion Renault
Nature, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Nature Medicine, Published online: 14 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41591-021-01493-5
Tracking the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, developing treatments and testing vaccines have relied on access to the health data of millions of people. This massive trove could be used to understand other diseases, but not everyone is convinced.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedRanjit Chauhan Qilan Li Molly E. Woodson Makafui Gasonoo Marvin J. Meyers John E. Tavis 1Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO USA 2Saint Louis University Institute for Drug and Biotherapeutic Innovation 3Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO USA 4Saint Louis University Liver Center, Saint Louis, MO USA
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 13.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, <a href="https://journals.asm.org/toc/aac/0/ja">Volume 0, Issue ja</a>, -Not available-.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedArturo Luna-Tapia Josie E. Parker Steven L. Kelly Glen E. Palmer 1 Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, National Program in Biotechnology, Bogota, Colombia. 2 Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom. 3 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, USA.
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 13.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, <a href="https://journals.asm.org/toc/aac/0/ja">Volume 0, Issue ja</a>, -Not available-.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAnna Olsson Marcus Hong Hissa Al-Farsi Christian G. Giske Pernilla Lagerbäck Thomas Tängdén 1 Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. 2 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden 3 Department of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 13.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, <a href="https://journals.asm.org/toc/aac/0/ja">Volume 0, Issue ja</a>, -Not available-.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedDan Li Philip E. Sabato Benjamin Guiastrennec Aziz Ouerdani Hwa-Ping Feng Vincent Duval Carisa S. De Anda Pamela S. Sears Margaret Z. Chou Catherine Hardalo Natalya Broyde Matthew L. Rizk aMerck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA bCertara, Data Science Services, Basel, Switzerland cCertara, Data Science Services, Paris, France
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 13.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, <a href="https://journals.asm.org/toc/aac/0/ja">Volume 0, Issue ja</a>, -Not available-.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedWendy Ankrom Deanne Jackson Rudd Andrea Schaeffer Deborah Panebianco Evan J. Friedman Charles Tomek S. Aubrey Stoch Marian Iwamoto aMerck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA bCelerion, Inc., Lincoln, NE, USA
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 13.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, <a href="https://journals.asm.org/toc/aac/0/ja">Volume 0, Issue ja</a>, -Not available-.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedOlumide Martins Jin Lee Amit Kaushik Nicole C. Ammerman Kelly E. Dooley Eric L. Nuermberger aCenter for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA bErasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 13.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, <a href="https://journals.asm.org/toc/aac/0/ja">Volume 0, Issue ja</a>, -Not available-.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedSydney L. Drury Anderson R. Miller Clare L. Laut Alec B. Walter Monique R. Bennett Meng Su Mingfeng Bai Bingwen Jing Scott B Joseph Edward J. Metzger Charles E. Bane Chad C. Black Mary T. Macdonald Brendan F. Dutter Ian M. Romaine Alex G. Waterson Gary A. Sulikowski E. Duco Jansen James E. Crowe Richard J. Sciotti Eric P. Skaar 1Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA 2Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA 4Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA 5Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA 6Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA 7Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA 8Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA 9Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA 10Department of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 11Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 12Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 13Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 13.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, <a href="https://journals.asm.org/toc/aac/0/ja">Volume 0, Issue ja</a>, -Not available-.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMallika Imwong Kanokon Suwannasin Suttipat Srisutham Ranitha Vongpromek Cholrawee Promnarate Aungkana Saejeng Aung Pyae Phyo Stephane Proux Tiengkham Pongvongsa Chea Nguon Olivo Miotto Rupam Tripura Nguyen Hoang Chau Dysoley Lek Ho Dang Trung Nghia Thomas J Peto James J Callery Rob W van der Pluijm Chanaki Amaratunga Mavuto Mukaka Lorenz von Seidlein Mayfong Mayxay Nguyen Thanh Thuy-Nhien Paul N Newton Nicholas PJ Day Elizabeth A Ashley Francois H Nosten Frank M Smithuis Mehul Dhorda Nicholas J White Arjen M Dondorp 1Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand 2Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand 3Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand 4Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand 5Division of Vector-borne Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand. 6Myanmar Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Yangon, Myanmar 7Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand 8Savannakhet Provincial Health Department, Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR 9National Center for Parasitology, Entomology, and Malaria Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia 10Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, U.K. 11Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. 12Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 13Institute of Research and Education Development, University of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR 14Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit, Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, Lao PDR
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 13.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, <a href="https://journals.asm.org/toc/aac/0/ja">Volume 0, Issue ja</a>, -Not available-.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMaria E. Cilento Aaron B. Reeve Eleftherios Michailidis Tatiana V. Ilina Eva Nagy Hiroaki Mitsuya Michael A. Parniak Philip R. Tedbury Stefan G. Sarafianos aLaboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States; Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia 30307, United States bDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA cLaboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY dDepartment of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health & Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan; Experimental Retrovirology Section, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Clinical Sciences, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 13.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, <a href="https://journals.asm.org/toc/aac/0/ja">Volume 0, Issue ja</a>, -Not available-.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAleksandra Tymoszewska Kirill V. Ovchinnikov Dzung B. Diep MaŁgorzata SŁodownik Edyta Maron Beatriz MartÍnez Tamara Aleksandrzak-piekarczyk 1Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences (IBB PAS), Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland 2Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, As, Norway 3Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 13.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, <a href="https://journals.asm.org/toc/aac/0/ja">Volume 0, Issue ja</a>, -Not available-.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedYu Feng Ya Hu Zhiyong Zong aCenter for Pathogen Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China. bCenter of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China. cDivision of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China. dDepartment of Infection Control, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 13.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, <a href="https://journals.asm.org/toc/aac/0/ja">Volume 0, Issue ja</a>, -Not available-.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedEmerging Infectious Diseases, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Jesse M. Hall Graham J. Bitzer Megan A. DeJong Jason Kang Ting Y. Wong M. Allison Wolf Justin R Bevere Mariette Barbier F. Heath Damron 1 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA 2 Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
Infection and Immunity, 13.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Infection and Immunity, <a href="https://journals.asm.org/toc/iai/0/ja">Volume 0, Issue ja</a>, -Not available-.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedSokratis A. Apostolidis, Mihir Kakara, Mark M. Painter, Rishi R. Goel, Divij Mathew, Kerry Lenzi, Ayman Rezk, Kristina R. Patterson, Diego A. Espinoza, Jessy C. Kadri, Daniel M. Markowitz, Clyde E. Markowitz, Ina Mexhitaj, Dina Jacobs, Allison Babb, Michael R. Betts, Eline T. Luning Prak, Daniela Weiskopf, Alba Grifoni, Kendall A. Lundgreen, Sigrid Gouma, Alessandro Sette, Paul Bates, Scott E. Hensley, Allison R. Greenplate, E. John Wherry, Rui Li, Amit Bar-Or
Nature, 14.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Nature Medicine, Published online: 14 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41591-021-01507-2
SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and memory B cells are significantly reduced, but CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are robustly activated, in patients with multiple sclerosis on anti-CD20 monotherapy versus healthy controls after BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 mRNA vaccination.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 13.09.2021
Tilføjet 14.09.2021
Abstract
Background
Indicator condition guided HIV testing is a proven effective strategy for increasing HIV diagnosis in health care facilities. As part of the INTEGRATE Joint Action, we conducted four pilot studies, aiming to increase integrated testing for HIV/HCV/HBV and sexually transmitted infections, by introducing and expanding existing indicator condition guided HIV testing methods.
Methods
Pilot interventions included combined HIV/HCV testing in a dermatovenerology clinic and a clinic for addictive disorders in Lithuania; Increasing HIV testing rates in a tuberculosis clinic in Romania by introducing a patient information leaflet and offering testing for HIV/HCV/sexually transmitted infections to chemsex-users in Barcelona. Methods for implementing indicator condition guided HIV testing were adapted to include integrated testing. Testing data were collected retrospectively and prospectively. Staff were trained in all settings, Plan-do-study-act cycles frequently performed and barriers to implementation reported.
Results
In established indicator conditions, HIV absolute testing rates increased from 10.6 to 71% in the dermatovenerology clinic over an 18 months period. HIV testing rates improved from 67.4% at baseline to 94% in the tuberculosis clinic. HCV testing was added to all individuals in the dermatovenerology clinic, eight patients of 1701 tested positive (0.47%). HBV testing was added to individuals with sexually transmitted infections with a 0.44% positivity rate (2/452 tested positive). The Indicator condition guided HIV testing strategy was expanded to offer HIV/HCV testing to people with alcohol dependency and chemsex-users. 52% of chemsex-users tested positive for ≥ 1 sexually transmitted infection and among people with alcohol dependency 0.3 and 3.7% tested positive for HIV and HCV respectively.
Conclusions
The four pilot studies successfully increased integrated testing in health care settings, by introducing testing for HBV/HCV and sexually transmitted infections along with HIV testing for established indicator conditions and expanding the strategy to include new indicators; alcohol dependency and chemsex. HCV testing of individuals with alcohol abuse showed high positivity rates and calls for further implementation studies. Methods used for implementing indicator condition guided HIV Testing have proven transferable to implementation of integrated testing.
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