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201
Research - Deaths Associated with Pediatric Hepatitis of Unknown Etiology, United States, October 2021-June 2023
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 21.03.2024
Tilføjet 21.03.2024
Growing evidence suggests a relationship between adenovirus and acute hepatitis in previously healthy children.
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202
Synopsis - Concurrent Outbreaks of Hepatitis A, Invasive Meningococcal Disease, and Mpox, Florida, USA, 2021-2022
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 21.03.2024
Tilføjet 21.03.2024
Synopsis - Concurrent Outbreaks of Hepatitis A, Invasive Meningococcal Disease, and Mpox, Florida, USA, 2021-2022
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203
Dispatch - Acanthamoeba Infection and Nasal Rinsing, United States, 1994-2022
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 21.03.2024
Tilføjet 21.03.2024
204
Research Letter - Autochthonous Ascariasis, Mississippi, USA
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 21.03.2024
Tilføjet 21.03.2024
205
Research Letter - Successful Treatment of Confirmed Naegleria fowleri Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 21.03.2024
Tilføjet 21.03.2024
Research Letter - Successful Treatment of Confirmed Naegleria fowleri Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis
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206
Predictors of recovery time from severe community-acquired pneumonia among paediatrics patients in selected hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: an institution-based retrospective cohort study
Sinishaw, K. M., Sebsbie, G., Kebede, M. A.
BMJ Open, 21.03.2024
Tilføjet 21.03.2024
ObjectiveSevere community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) is a significant cause of morbidity worldwide and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Ethiopia ranks 6th out of 15 countries with the highest mortality rate due to pneumonia in children under 5 years of age. The aim of this study was to determine the recovery time from SCAP and factors in paediatric patients in selected hospitals in Addis Ababa. Design, participants and settingA retrospective cohort study was conducted among 407 randomly selected paediatric patients admitted with SCAP in Addis Ababa public hospitals from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2020. Primary and secondary outcomesRecovery time and recovery rate from SCAP were estimated using Kaplan-Meier and simple frequency statistics, respectively, and the adjusted HR with a 95% CI was used to identify associated factors for recovery. Results91.5% (95% CI: 88.3% to 94.1%) of children recovered from SCAP with an overall recovery rate of 11.5 (95% CI: 10.37 to 12.76) per 100 person-day observation, and the median recovery time was 6 days. In the multivariable analysis, older age and the absence of comorbidities were protective factors for early recovery, while stunting and late utilisation of medical care were risk factors. ConclusionThe median recovery time after SCAP was very long compared with the optimal recovery time of 3 days given in the British Thoracic Society guidelines. Older age and absence of comorbidities were found to shorten recovery time, whereas stunting and late initiation of treatment delayed recovery. Therefore, measures that increase the recovery rate and shorten the recovery time, such as primary prevention to eliminate malnutrition and increase the utilisation of medical care in the community, should be strengthened, and health workers should focus on the early detection and treatment of comorbid diseases.
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207
Examining the relationship between the oral microbiome, alcohol intake and alcohol-comorbid neuropsychological disorders: protocol for a scoping review
Maki, K. A., Crayton, C. B., Butera, G., Wallen, G. R.
BMJ Open, 21.03.2024
Tilføjet 21.03.2024
IntroductionHeavy alcohol use and alcohol use disorder (AUD) continues to rise as a public health problem and increases the risk for disease. Elevated rates of anxiety, depression, sleep disruption and stress are associated with alcohol use. Symptoms may progress to diagnosed neurophysiological conditions and increase risk for relapse if abstinence is attempted. Research on mechanisms connecting the gastrointestinal microbiome to neuropsychological disorders through the gut-brain axis is well-established. Less is known how the oral microbiome and oral microbial-associated biomarkers may signal to the brain. Therefore, a synthesis of research studying relationships between alcohol intake, alcohol-associated neurophysiological symptoms and the oral microbiome is needed to understand the state of the current science. In this paper, we outline our protocol to collect, evaluate and synthesise research focused on associations between alcohol intake and AUD-related neuropsychological disorders with the oral microbiome. Methods and analysisThe search strategy was developed and will be executed in collaboration with a medical research librarian. Studies will be screened by two independent investigators according to the aim of the scoping review, along with the outlined exclusion and inclusion criteria. After screening, data will be extracted and synthesised from the included papers according to predefined demographic, clinical and microbiome methodology metrics. Ethics and disseminationA scoping review of primary sources is needed to synthesise the data on relationships between alcohol use, neuropsychological conditions associated with AUD and the oral microbiome. The proposed scoping review is based on the data from publicly available databases and does not require ethical approval. We expect the results of this synthesis will identify gaps in the growing literature and highlight potential mechanisms linking the oral-brain axis to addiction and other associated neuropsychological conditions. The study findings and results will be disseminated through journals and conferences related to psychology, neuroscience, dentistry and the microbiome.
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